Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo

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Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo
Tibetan name
Tibetan འཇམ་དབྱངས་མཁྱེན་བརྩེའི་དབང་པོ
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese 妙吉祥智悲自在
Traditional Chinese 妙吉祥智悲自在

Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo (1820–1892), also known as Pema Ösal Do-ngak Lingpa,[1] was a renowned teacher, scholar and tertön of 19th century Tibet. He was a leading figure in the nonsectarian Rime movement.

Biography

Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo was born in 1820 amid wonderous signs on the 5th day of the 6th month of the Iron Dragon year of the 14th Rabjung, in the region of Yaru Khyungchen Drak in the villiage of Taerlung of the Dilgo family in Derge, East Tibet. His father was Rinchen Namgyal, the secretary of the king of Derge belonging to the Nyö clan, and a descendant of Drikung Changchub Lingpa. His mother Sönam Tso was a daughter of Gerab Nyerchen Göntse of the Sogmo family,[2] from a Mongol background.

At twelve, he was recognized by Thartse Khenchen Jampa Kunga Tendzin as the incarnation of Jampa Namkha Chimé, and was given the name Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo Kunga Tenpé Gyaltsen Palzangpo. At twenty-one, he received full ordination from Minling Khenchen Rigdzin Zangpo at Mindrolling Monastery. In all, he had more than one hundred and fifty teachers, who were masters from all four major Tibetan Buddhist schools — Sakya, Gelug, Kagyü and Nyingma — from the regions of Ü and Tsang, as well as Eastern Tibet, including Minling Trichen Gyurme Sangye Kunga, Shechen Gyurme Thutob Namgyal, Sakyapa Dorje Rinchen and the khenpo brothers of Thartse, Ngorpa Thartsé Khenpo Jampa Kunga Tendzin (1776–1862) and Thartsé Pönlop Naljor Jampal Zangpo (b. 1789).[2]

In time, his fame spread throughout Tibet and he became known by the name of Pema Ösal Dongak Lingpa, and renowned as a holder of the seven special transmissions (ka bab dün).

Disciples

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His many disciples included Jamgön Kongtrul, Jamgon Ju Mipham Gyatso, Dodrupchen Jikmé Tenpé Nyima, Chokgyur Lingpa, Tertön Sogyal and many other masters of the Nyingma school; the Sakya throneholder Tashi Rinchen, the fourth Zimwock Rinpoche of Nalendra monastery, many of the khenpos of Ngor and many other masters of the Sakya tradition; the fourteenth and fifteenth Gyalwa Karmapas, the tenth and eleventh Situ Rinpoches, Taklungma Rinpoche and other holders of the Kagyü teachings; Könchok Tenpa Rabgyé, the Nomihan of Drakyab, Lithang Khenchen Jampa Phuntsok, Horkhang Sar Gyalwa and other Geshes of the Gelugpa tradition, and also followers of the Bön tradition.[2]

Reincarnations

Several reincarnations or emanations of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, including those of body (sku), speech (gsung), mind (thugs), qualities (yon tan) and activity ('phrin las), were recognized in Tibet.[3] Of these, the body incarnation was Dzongsar Khyentse Jamyang Chökyi Wangpo who was enthroned at Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo's main seat at Dzongsar Monastery but died in an accident c. 1909.[4] The activity incarnation Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö, who was originally enthroned at Kathok Monastery succeeded him. The speech incarnation was Beru Khyentse Rinpoche and the mind incarnation was Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. Since the early 1960s, Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, single-handedly upholding the unique tradition of Khyentse incarnations, propoagated Dharma tirelessly in India, Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet, and the West [Thondup pg.221]

List of the immediate emanations of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo:[5]

  1. Dzongsar Khyentse Jamyang Chökyi Wangpo (1894?-1909) - (sku)
  2. Beru or Palpung Khyentse, Karma Khyentse'i Ozer (1896–1945) - (gsung)
  3. Sakya Punpo Khyentse (1900–1950) - (thugs)
  4. Dilgo Khyentse Rabsal Dawa (1910–1991) - (thugs)
  5. Se Phagchog Dorje (1854–1919) - (thugs)- a son of Togden Shakya Sri
  6. Dzogchen Khyentse Guru Tsewang (c.1897-c.1945) - ?(yon tan)
  7. Nangchen Khyentse Kunzang Drodul (1897-1946) - (yon tan)
  8. Katog Khyentse Jamyang Chökyi Lodro (1893–1959) - ('phrin las) - later known as Dzongsar Khyentse Jamyang Chökyi Lodro

Name variants

Alternate names by which Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo was known include: "Dorje Zijitsal; Jigme Khyentse Nyugu; Khyentse Wangpo; Kunga Tenpai Gyeltsen Pelzangpo; Osel Dorje Tukchoktsal; Osel Tulpai Dorje; Pema Osel Do-ngag Linpa; Tsangse Gyepai Loden; Tsokye Lama Gyepaibang; Tsuglamawai Nyima Tsokye Shonnui Langtso."[6]

References

  1. ↑ "Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo". Rigpa Wiki. Rigpa Shedra. 2011-09-29. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Orgyen Tobgyal Rinpoche (2005). "The Life of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo". Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo Series. LotsawaHouse. 
  3. ↑ Orgyen Tobgyal Rinpoche (1996)
  4. ↑ Smith (2001), p. 268
  5. ↑ details based on the chart in Smith (2001) p.268-9
  6. ↑ Gardner, Alexander (February 2010). "Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo". The Treasury of Lives: Biographies of Himalayan Religious Masters. Retrieved 2013-10-08. 

Sources

External links

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