James H. Fetzer

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James H. Fetzer
Born James Henry Fetzer
(1940-12-06) December 6, 1940
Pasadena, California, USA
Nationality American

James Henry Fetzer (6 Dec 1940–) is a former University of Minnesota Duluth professor [1][2][3] and a leading conspiracy theorist. He has claimed that the 1963 Kennedy assassination,[4][5][6] the 2002 death of Senator Paul Wellstone,[7][8][9] and the 9/11 attacks were the result of government conspiracies. Fetzer has also claimed [4][10] the G W Bush administration, Israeli government, and Obama administration have been involved in various government conspiracies.[4][11][12][13][14][15] Fetzer was cofounder of Scholars for 9/11 Truth.[4][11]

As a historian of science and noted philosopher of science, he has published on the subjects of philosophy of mind and on the theoretical foundations, forms, and legitimation of scientific explanation, probability in science, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and computer science.[1][2][16][17][18][19][4]

Childhood and family

Fetzer was born in Pasadena, California, on 6 December 1940, to a father who worked as an accountant in a welfare office in Los Angeles County,[3] and grew up in a neighboring city, Altadena.[20]

After his parents' divorce, Fetzer moved to La Habra Heights, California, with his brother, mother, and stepfather.[20] Once she passed away when he was age 11, he lived with his father and stepmother.[20][21]

During military service in the 1960s, Fetzer married yet divorced four years later, meanwhile having a son.[21] He married a different woman in the 1970s while teaching at the University of Kentucky.[21]

Education and career

Having graduated from South Pasadena High School, he studied philosophy at Princeton University and graduated magna cum laude in 1962.[4] His undergraduate thesis on Carl G Hempel won The Dickinson Prize.[1] He then joined the United States Marine Corps, and was second lieutenant in an artillery unit.[4] In the early 1960s, he was stationed on Okinawa, Japan.[3][21]

In 1966, soon after promotion to Captain, he resigned to enter graduate school.[4] Having attained a master's degree from Indiana University, he studied at Columbia University a year, then returned to Indiana University and in 1970 attained PhD in history and philosophy of science.[3][4][21]

As assistant professor at University of Kentucky since 1970, he received the UK Student Government's first Distinguished Teaching Award in 1973. Having left Kentucky in 1977, he taught at University of Virginia, University of Cincinnati, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and University of South Florida.[4] In 1987, he became full professor at University of Minnesota Duluth, was appointed Distinguished McKnight University Professor in 1996, and remained until retirement in June 2006.[4]

In the late 1970s, Fetzer received a National Science Foundation fellowship.[22] By then, his assessments and reviews on probability in science were sought by philosophy of science peers.[23] In 1990, Fetzer received the Medal of the University of Helsinki.[1] Meanwhile, his counsel was sought by theorists in computer science.[24][25] He became a central figure—along with computer scientists—in debate over proper types of inference in computing.[18] By the late 1990s, Fetzer was sought to organize a symposium on philosophy of mind,[26] while his textbooks on cognitive science and artificial intelligence were among the most renowned.[16][17] He soon became recognized as a leading expert on Carl G Hempel.[1][27]

Altogether, Fetzer has published over 100 articles and 20 books on philosophy of science, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and computer science.[19] He founded the international journal Minds and Machines, which for eleven years he edited, and founded the academic library Studies in Cognitive Systems,[4] of which he was series editor.[1] He founded the Society for Machines & Mentality. Near and after retirement, Fetzer remained a contributor to as well as cited or republished in philosophy of science and cognitive science volumes and encyclopedias.[2][27][28][29][30]

Conspiracy claims

Interested in government conspiracies since the 1963 assassination of United States President John F Kennedy,[4] Fetzer researched extensively[5] published dozens of articles against the Warren Commission's report, became "a familiar and controversial figure in the JFK research community",[21] and has edited three collections of expert assessments.[6] Don "Four Arrows" Jacobs and Fetzer investigated the 2002 airplane crash that killed US Senator Paul Wellstone and alleged it an assassination.[31] Fetzer edited the first book from Scholars for 9/11 Truth, an organization co-founded by Fetzer in 2005.[4] With fellow 9/11 dissenters, he is an editor of Veterans Today.

In America, he has frequently lectured and appeared on radio and television, including Jesse Ventura's America and Hannity & Colmes,[20][32][33] but claimed American press to be under "massive control".[34] As a critic of the United States foreign policy, he is highly esteemed in Iranian news media,[15][35] where he has claimed "that the US Constitution has been tattered, torn and shredded", while "the United States has become the laughing stock for every serious student of international affairs".[34]

Alleging treason and oath violations, he called for military overthrow of the Bush administration,[36] a position that hurt his mainstream credibility,[4] as did his apparent fixation on Jews in United States government.[11] Atop backing allegations that the 7/7 London bombings in 2005, the Sandy Hook school shooting in 2012, and the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013 were acts of governments' covert terrorism,[37][38] he initially suggested for Sandy Hook a role by Israel's Mossad or in any case, via claimed inconsistencies, a governmental stratagem, perhaps to frighten Americans into further gun restrictions.[39] He later claimed that the Sandy Hook massacre was a sham.[40] Fetzer has claimed evidence that all six lunar landings were faked.[41]

JFK assassination

In 1992, at a televised press conference, JAMA chief editor George Lundberg denounced Oliver Stone's 1991 film JFK as "docu-fiction".[42][43] In a letter to the editor, AMA member David Mantik criticized AMA politicization.[43] Fetzer then contacted Mantik, they collaborated to research, and others joined.[43] The 1998 book Assassination Science, edited by Fetzer, resulted with Mantik's putative "discoveries that the autopsy X-rays had been altered and the determination by Bob Livingston, MD, a world authority on the human brain, that the brain shown in diagrams and photos could not be that of JFK".[43]

Holding that at least six gunmen fired,[44][45] Fetzer has claimed that driver William Greer halted the presidential limousine, "such an obvious indication of Secret Service complicity in the assassination" that it "had to be edited out" the Zapruder film,[6] allegedly "massively edited" while further forensic evidence was tampered with or withheld.[21][32] According to Fetzer, the CIA, the American Mafia, anti-Castro Cubans, Texas oil industry, the military–industrial complex, as well as Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard Nixon, and J. Edgar Hoover, may have been involved in the assassination plot.[6]

Josiah Thompson, author of Six Seconds in Dallas, found that Fetzer has posed claims thought "off the wall" by other assassination researchers.[46] On the other hand, although seeking to debunk Kennedy conspiracy theories, Vincent Bugliosi found Fetzer "good and sincere", "the editor of the only exclusively scientific books (three) on the assassination".[6] Yet the Zapruder film does not show the limousine especially slow, let alone halt.[6] Rather, at least 48 eyewitnesses made such claim, although eyewitness accounts can be reliable or unreliable.[6] Bugliosi has asserted proof that the Zapruder film was unedited, and concluded virtual proof that there was no conspiracy.[6] Meanwhile, Fetzer aligned with Peter Dale Scott, whose conception of "deep politics" finds that understanding either JFK's assassination or 9/11 is enhanced by examining both.[10]

9/11 attacks on WTC

On December 15, 2005, James Fetzer along with Steven Jones, a physics professor at Brigham Young University, founded Scholars for 9/11 Truth,[47] rejecting the public conclusions of the 9/11 Commission and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Over divergent approaches, Jones left in December 2006 and the next month founded Scholars for 9/11 Truth and Justice.[47] Jones sought more presumably scientific grounding, whereas Fetzer's speculations were more extreme.[4] Scholars for 9/11 Truth, under Fetzer's leadership, is more radical.[47] The groups allege that United States government's political agenda aided or abetted the attacks,[13] and most members of both groups maintain that World Trade Center's buildings fell by controlled demolitions.[47]

Fetzer alleged a role by President George W Bush's administration,[14] and claimed that only the American military–industrial complex, possibly colluding with Israeli government, had such demolition competence.[11] It has been claimed that Scholars for 9/11 Truth lacked any relevant experts, such as engineers, whereas all who have investigated have concluded that collapses of all three buildings—1, 2, and 7—were due to the jet crashes into buildings 1 and 2.[48] Yet for being "just one of many Americans who have questioned the teeming inconsistencies surrounding 9/11", Fetzer was praised in Islamic Post as an "American patriot".[49] Scholars for 9/11 Truth, and related, have been criticized by some Westerners for dangerously distracting from more crucial issues, such as American neoconservative preparedness to hegemonize the 9/11 events, long foreseen even without such conspiracy.[50]

Senator Wellstone

On 25 October 2002, just a couple of hours before Fetzer was to be interviewed as a Kennedy assassination researcher in his university office, news broke of Minnesota Senator Paul Wellstone's death in a crash of the small airplane.[51] As it was but a week before election day in very close race, and there was no apparent explanation for the crash, conspiracy theories about it abounded.[7][52] Fetzer wrote articles in an alternative newspaper incriminating top members of the Republican political party, allegedly seeking Senate control,[7][53] perhaps using an electromagnetic pulse to mediate the plane crash.[52] Thus becoming embroiled in a dispute with a Republican former prosecutor, Fetzer was sued for defamation.[7] A court of appeals found Fetzer's statements legitimately relevant to the conspiracy debate, a genuine controversy.[7] In 2004, with Don "Four Arrows" Jacobs, Fetzer coauthored a book on it.[31][54] They incriminated principally Dick Cheney, Karl Rove and Donald Rumsfeld, failed to merit legal prosecution, yet claimed that not their aim—identifying causes.[31] Some have found their argument strong,[8] or there at least noteworthy evidence of an intra-government role.[9]

Anti-Semitism

In 2007, Fetzer asserted that "if it turns out that only unconventional methods" explain such devastation of the World Trade Center, the likely culprit is the American military–industrial complex as the only entity besides Israeli government with such means.[11] Later, however, Fetzer identified the two entities as effectively inseparable.[11] Although not as crude and racist as the rhetoric of David Duke,[55] Fetzer's assertions have been likened to those made by Duke in the weeks following the 9/11 attacks.[11] Fetzer has complained that alleging anti-Semitism is a handy ploy to neutralize 9/11 dissent.[56]

Anti-Defamation League has suggested that Fetzer is indeed anti-Semitic in focusing on "American government officials of Jewish background".[56] As to Israel's role in Palestine, Fetzer asserted, "It is not anti-Semitic to object to the expansion of illegal settlements, the starvation and killing of the Palestinian people, or the butchering of a peace activist with a bulldozer!".[56] Yet largely for suggesting that Jews in United States government have dual loyalty, Fetzer became marginalized as an oddity even within the 9/11 Truth movement.[11] In 2012, Fetzer interviewed neo-Nazi activist and Holocaust denier Ernst Zündel,[57] posed by Fetzer as "persecuted & imprisoned for research on WWII".[58]

Middle Eastern affairs

Although Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has been demonized by the White House and America news media, Fetzer has espoused the stance in Ahmadinejad's UN General Assembly speech calling for a "U.N. fact finding group to investigate 9/11".[59] For Iran's third International Conference on Hollywoodism, held in 2013 in Tehran, Fetzer was listed as a partner.[60] Visiting Iran, Fetzer was sought by local news media.[15]

Interviewed by Iran Review, Fetzer called United States' policy toward Iran "a form of collective punishment that was ruled to be a violation of international law by the Nuremberg Tribunals after World War II".[15] Fetzer claimed confusion at how the Obama "administration can disregard the findings of its own intelligence agencies in dealing with a foreign power", for "the fact is that in 2007, 16 American intelligence agencies concluded that Iran was not pursuing a nuclear weapons program. The findings were reaffirmed in 2011".[15]

Even back in America, Fetzer has been interviewed remotely by Press TV,[35] a news agency sponsored by Iran's government. On it, he alleged that the Bush administration helped Israel destabilize the Middle East,[61] while United States foreign policy hypocritically stockpiles nuclear weapons, permits Israel to as well but secretly, and yet threatens Iran by alleging a secret nuclear weapons program that Iran lacks but, if it had, would help stabilize the Middle East.[35]

He also alleged that Al-Qaeda was contrived by United States government,[62] similarly waging false flag tactics to overthrow Syria's government,[62] whose "troops are routing the rebels" and had "no reason to use" the gas employed the day before a United Nations inspection team arrived, "a preposterous time for Assad to use chemical weapons, which he doesn't need", whereas the "rebels on the other hand appear to have been supplied with the gas by Saudi Arabia in promotion of an Israeli agenda".[34]

Publications

Philosophy of Science:

  • James H. Fetzer. (December 31, 1981). Scientific Knowledge: Causation, Explanation, and Corroboration. Springer. ISBN 90-277-1335-9. 
  • Principles of Philosophical Reasoning. Rowman & Littlefield. June 1984. ISBN 0-8476-7341-3. 
  • edited by James H. Fetzer. (August 1985). Sociobiology and Epistemology. Springer. ISBN 90-277-2005-3. 
  • Definitions and Definability: Philosophical Perspectives. 1991. ASIN B000IBICGK. 
  • James H. Fetzer (October 1992). Philosophy of Science (Paragon Issues in Philosophy). Paragon. ISBN 1-55778-481-7. 
  • ed. by James H. Fetzer (January 1993). Foundations of Philosophy of Science: Recent Developments (Paragon Issues in Philosophy). Paragon. ISBN 1-55778-480-9. 
  • Charles E. M. Dunlop; James H. Fetzer. (March 1993). Glossary of Cognitive Science (A Paragon House Glossary for Research, Reading, and Writing). Paragon. ISBN 1-55778-567-8. 
  • James H. Fetzer. (January 1997). Philosophy and Cognitive Science (Paragon Issues in Philosophy). Paragon. ISBN 1-55778-739-5. 
  • Minds and Machines: Journal for Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, and Cognitive Science, Vol. 7, No. 4. Kluwer. November 1997. ASIN B000KEV460. 
  • edited by James H. Fetzer. (December 2000). Science, Explanation, and Rationality: The Philosophy of Carl G. Hempel. Oxford. ISBN 0-19-512137-6. 
  • James H. Fetzer. (January 2001). Artificial Intelligence: Its Scope and Limits. Springer. ISBN 0-7923-0548-5. 
  • Computers and Cognition: Why Minds are Not Machines. Springer. January 8, 2002. ISBN 1-4020-0243-2. 
  • ed. by James H. Fetzer (May 2002). Consciousness Evolving (Advances in Consciousness Research). John Benjamins. ISBN 1-58811-108-3. 
  • James H. Fetzer (2005). The Evolution of Intelligence: Are Humans the Only Animals With Minds?. Open Court. ISBN 0-8126-9459-7. 
  • James H. Fetzer (December 28, 2006). Render Unto Darwin: Philosophical Aspects of the Christian Right's Crusade Against Science. Open Court. ISBN 0-8126-9605-0. 

Conspiracy Theories:

  • edited by James H. Fetzer. (October 1997). Assassination Science: Experts Speak Out on the Death of JFK. Open Court. ISBN 0-8126-9366-3. 
  • ed. by James H. Fetzer. (August 2000). Murder in Dealey Plaza: What We Know Now that We Didn't Know Then. Open Court. ISBN 0-8126-9422-8. 
  • ed. by James H. Fetzer (September 2003). The Great Zapruder Film Hoax: Deceit and Deception in the Death of JFK. Catfeet Press. ISBN 0-8126-9547-X. 
  • Four Arrows (aka Don Trent Jacobs) & James H. Fetzer. (November 2004). American Assassination: The Strange Death Of Senator Paul Wellstone. Vox Pop. ISBN 0-9752763-0-1. 
  • ed. by James H. Fetzer. (March 28, 2007). The 9/11 Conspiracy. Open Court. ISBN 0-8126-9612-3. 

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 James H Fetzer, ed, Science, Explanation, and Rationality: Aspects of the Philosophy of Carl G Hempel (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000), p xi.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Ellery Eells & James H Fetzer, eds, Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science, Volume 284: The Place of Probability in Science: In Honor of Ellery Eells (1953–2006) (Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York: Springer, 2010), pp ix–x, 321.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Sarah Lederer (Feb 2009). "James Fetzer's home page". James H Fetzer at University of Minnesota Duluth. Retrieved 2 Feb 2009. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 Stephen E Atkins, "Fetzer, James H (1940–)" pp 181–83, in S E Atkins, ed, The 9/11 Encyclopedia, 2nd edn (Santa Barbara CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Jim Richardson & Allen Richardson, Gonzo Science: Anomalies, Heresies, and Conspiracies (New York: Paraview Press, 2004), ch 37 "Interview with assassination researcher Jim Fetzer", p 272: "Fetzer's knowledge of the JFK assassination is truly encyclopedic. He has read every book, seen every scrap of film, worked closely with other experts, edited books on the topic, conducted symposiums, and interviewed assassination insiders. From all of this he has come to the conclusion that JFK was killed as the result of a massive government conspiracy".
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 Vincent Bugliosi (2007). Reclaiming History: The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 506, 508, 974, 986, 1498. ISBN 9780393045253. Retrieved 15 Jul 2012. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Karl K Glower, Legal and Ethical Considerations for Public Relations, 2nd edn (Long Grove IL: Waveland Press, 2008), p 72: "The case of Bieter v Fetzer illustrates the process used by the courts. The case arose after the 2002 death of US Senator Paul Wellstone in an airplane crash. There was no immediate explanation for the crash of the small plane, but because the crash occurred a week before an election (in which Wellstone was involved in a tight race for his senatorial seat), conspiracy theories abounded. One of the conspiracy theorists was James Fetzer, a university professor. Fetzer published articles in an alternative newspaper in which he suggested that high-ranking Republicans in the George W Bush administration were behind Wellstone's death. Bieter, a former prosecutor and Republican, started an Internet chat group to refute Fetzer's claims. In response, Fetzer alleged in the chat group that Bieter had been deprived of his right to practice law and had been charged with sexual harassment. Bieter sued Fetzer for defamation. The court of appeals found that the conspiracy debate was a real controversy and that by forming the chat room to discuss and refute Fetzer's claims, and by holding himself up as an authority in the debate, Bieter became a limited purpose public figure. The defamatory statements to the effect that Bieter had been deprived of his ability to practice law were related to the controversy because they called into question his credibility as an expert".
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Four Arrows, aka Don T Jacobs, "The military drills on 9-11: 'Bizarre coincience' or something else?" pp 119–143, in Paul Zarembka, ed, The Hidden History of 9/11, 2nd edn (New York, Toronto, London, Melbourne: Seven Stories Press, 2008), p 134.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lance deHaven-Smith, Conspiracy Theory in America (Austin TX: University of Texas Press, 2013), pp 138, 237.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "The 9/11 Conspiracy: The Scamming of America", Open Court Publishing Co website, 2013.
    James Fetzer, ch 2 "Thinking about 'conspiracy theories': 9/11 and JFK" pp 43–74 & Peter Dale Scott, ch 8 "JFK and 9/11: Insights gained from understanding both" pp 195–220, in J H Fetzer, ed, The 9/11 Conspiracy: The Scamming of America (Chicago: Open Court Publishing Co, 2007).
    Peter Dale Scott, Deep Politics and the Death of JFK (Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 1996).
    Peter Dale Scott, The Road to 9/11: Wealth, Empire, and the Future of America (Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2008).
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 Jovan Byford, Conspiracy Theories: A Critical Introduction (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011), pp 109–110, notes on p 162.
  12. ↑ Jaya Narain (16 Feb 2007). "We're all conspiracy theorists at heart". BBC News. Retrieved 5 May 2010. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Justin Pope (7 Aug 2006). "Scholars join ranks of Sept 11 conspiracy theorists". Bangor Daily News (Bangor ME). Associated Press. p. A3. Retrieved 16 Jul 2012. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Mike Mosedale (28 Jun 2006). "The man who thought he knew too much". City Pages (Minneapolis). p. 1. Retrieved 29 Jul 2012. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 Kourosh Ziabari, "Anti-Iran sanctions (no 5) James H Fetzer: Anti-Iran sanctions violate international law" (exclusive interview with James H Fetzer), Iran Review, 6 Mar 2013.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Jan Woleński, "Books received: Philosophy, Mind and Cognitive Inquiry by David J Cole, James H Fetzer, Terry L Rankin; Artificial Intelligence: Its Scope and Limits by James H Fetzer", Studia Logica: An International Journal for Symbolic Logic, 1992;51(2):341–43, p 341: "I start with Fetzer's monograph because it provides a general paranorama of AI and its foundational problems. ... The book touches many foundational problems of AI belonging to epistemology, psychology, philosophy of language, philosophy of science and computer science. Fetzer's discussions vary from very elementary...to quite advanced...".
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Justin Leiber, "James H Fetzer, Philosophy and Cognitive Science, Second Edition: Revised and Expanded, Paragon Issues in Philosophy", Minds and Machines, 1999 Aug;9(3):435–37, p 435: "It is a delight to see this revised edition of what is possibly the best short introduction to 'philosophy and cognitive science' around today, one fully accessible to undergraduates".
    John Heil, Philosophy of Mind: A Contemporary Introduction, 2nd edn (New York: Routledge, 2004), ch 1 "Introduction", subch 1.5 "A look ahead", § "Suggested reading", p 14, recommends Fetzer's Philosophy and Cognitive Science.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Donald MacKenzie, Mechanizing Proof: Computing, Risk, and Trust (Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 2001), pp 18, 205, 244 & 323 discusses Fetzer's contributions, and on pp 388 & 421 identifies citations of Fetzer.
    Donald MacKenzie, "A view from Sonnelbichl: On the historical sociology of software and system dependability", in Ulf Hashagen, Reinhard Keil-Slawik, Arthur L Norberg & Heinz Nixdorf, eds, History of Computing: Software Issues (Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2002), p 112: "Conversely, the claims of the formalizers have been fiercely contested by computer scientists Richard DeMillo, Richard Lipton and Alan Perlis, as well as by philosopher James H Fetzer".
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 James H Fetzer, ed, Consciousness Evolving (Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing, 2002), p ix.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 Mike Mosedale 2006, p. 2.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 Mike Mosedale 2006, p. 3.
  22. ↑ James H Fetzer, The Evolution of Intelligence: Are Humans the Only Animals with Minds? (Peru IL: Open Court Publishing, 2005), back cover.
  23. ↑ James H Fetzer, "Reichenbach, reference cases, and single case 'probabilities' ", in Wesley C Salmon, ed, Synthese Library, Volume 132: Hans Reichenbach: Logical Empircist (Dordrecht: D Reidel Publishing, 1979).
  24. ↑ Subrata Dasgupta, Cambridge Tracts in Theoretical Computer Science 15: Design Theory and Computer Science (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991), "Acknowledgements", p xix: "Quite apart from the many hundreds of authors cited in the text, I owe a massive debt of gratitude to many individuals and organizations who, in one way or another, have influenced the final shape of this work. In particular, I thank the following: ... Bimal Matilal (Oxford University) and James Fetzer (University of Minnesota)—two philosophers—for discussions or correspondences regarding matters philosophical.
  25. ↑ Allen Kent & James G Williams, eds, Encyclopedia of Microcomputers, Volume 14: Productivity and Software (New York: Marcel Dekker, 1994), p v.
  26. ↑ Selmer Bringsjord & Michael John Zenzen, Superminds: People Harness Hypercomputation, and More (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003), pp xx–xxi: "In connection with Chapter 1, we're grateful to Michael Costa for inviting Jim Fetzer to organize a symposium on whether minds are computational systems for the annual meeting of the Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology, in Nashville, Tennessee, April 4–7, 1996".
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Erich H Reck, ch 15 "Hempel, Carnap, and the covering law model" pp 311–24, in Nikolay Milkov & Volker Peckhaus, eds, Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 273: The Berlin Group and the Philosophy of Logical Empiricism (Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer, 2013), pp 312 & 323.
  28. ↑ James H Fetzer , "Corroboration" pp 178–79, in Sahotra Sarkar & Jessica Pfeifer, eds, The Philosophy of Science, Volume One: A–M (New York: Taylor & Francis Group, 2006).
  29. ↑ James Fetzer, "Carl Hempel", in Edward N Zalta, ed, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2013).
  30. ↑ James H Fetzer, ed, Epistemology and Cognition (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1990 / New York: Springer-Verlag, 2012).
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 Four Arrows & James H Fetzer, American Assassination: The Strange Death of Senator Paul Wellstone (Brooklyn NY: Vox Pop, 2004), p 148.
    "Book description", AssassinationScience.com, 2013.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 "Jess Ventura's America for November 22, 2003". MSNBC. 22 Nov 2003. 
  33. ↑ "Scholars for 9/11 Truth—past events"
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 According to SC/HGH, "US attack on Syria violation of international law: James Fetzer", Press TV (Iran), 2 Sep 2013, Fetzer alleged that Syrian rebels were supplied with gas weaponry by Saudi Arabia via American/Israeli false flag activity to attribute the chemical warfare to Syrian government; Fetzer speculated that the Obama administration might combine this with blackmail of US Congresspersons, via secrets culled by National Security Administration's illegal buggings of French Foreign Ministry's New York offices, to override National Security Council's refusal to authorize a US war with France against Syria; Fetzer expressed "hope that the French are going to display enough awareness and intelligence to not be taken in by this obvious gambit even though the American people may still succumb because of their gullibility and the massive control of the American press".
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 SC/PR, "Overwhelming hypocrisy coming from US on nuclear weapons: James H Fetzer", Press TV (Iran), 14 Aug 2013; SC/HGH, "US losing world respect due to hypocrisy in ME: Fetzer", Press TV (Iran), 14 Oct 2013.
  36. ↑ John Gravois, "Professors of paranoia?: Academics give a scholarly stamp to 9/11 conspiracy theories", The Chronicle of Higher Education, 2006 June 23;52(42).
  37. ↑ Nick Kollerstrom w/Jim Fetzer, "Sandy Hook: Analogies with the London 7/7 bombings", Veterans Today, 6 Jan 2013.
  38. ↑ Jim Fetzer, "Some 'hard lessons' from the Boston bombing", James Fetzer blog, 20 Apr 2013.
  39. ↑ JF/JR, "Mossad death squads slaughtered American children at Sandy Hook", Press TV (Iran), 20 Dec 2012, quoted Jim Fetzer; Jim Fetzer, "Did Mossad death squads slaughter American children at Sandy Hook?", Veterans Today, 23 Dec 2012, claimed that Press TV overstated Fetzer's stance.
  40. ↑ The Real Deal with Jim Fetzer Podcast, (Where???).
  41. ↑ (MP3) Did America land men on the moon?: The moon landing hoax. Interview with Sterling Harwood. 2 May 2013. Spirit To Spirit. KLIV 1590 AM. San Jose CA. http://kliv.gotdns.com/kliv/paid/2013_05_02_SpirtToSpirt.mp3. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  42. ↑ Times-Post News Service, "Anger prompts doctors to speak on JFK findings", The Blade (Toledo OH), pp 1 & 4, 20 May 1992.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 Christof Lehmann & Jim Fetzer, "Interview with philosopher of science Dr James Henry Fetzer", Veterans Today, 7 Nov 2012.
  44. ↑ Jim Richardson & Allen Richardson, Gonzo Science (Paraview, 2004), p 272: "There appear to have been at least six shooters—six who actually shot—and there were nine, ten, or 11 shots. Essentially, you've got the limo coming up Houston turning onto Elm. If Oswald had been located in the alleged assassin's lair, these would have been the best possible shots. You've got the president getting closer and closer to him; his chest is exposed, his head is exposed".
  45. ↑ Penny Cockerell (22 Nov 2003). "JFK 40 years later: America still has questions; assassination theories don't fade away". Spartanburg Herald (Spartanburg SC). Associated Press. p. A6. Retrieved 15 Jul 2012. 
  46. ↑ Mike Mosedale 2006, p. 4.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 Stephen E Atkins, "Scholars for 9/11 Truth and Scholars for 9/11 Truth and Justice" pp 385–87, in S E Atkins, ed, The 9/11 Encyclopedia, 2nd edn (Santa Barbara CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011).
  48. ↑ David Dunbar & Brad Reagan, eds, Debunking 9/11 Myths: Why Conspiracy Theories Can't Stand Up to the Facts (New York: Hearst Books, 2006), p 28.
  49. ↑ IP, "Dr Jasser betrays American muslims, promotes Islamophobia", Islamic Post, 4 Apr 2012.
  50. ↑ Philip E Wegner, " 'The dead are our redeemers': Culture, belief, and United 93" pp 81–92, in Derek Rubin & Jaap Verheul, eds, American Multiculturalism After 9/11: Transatlantic Perspectives (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2009), note 7, p 90: "I'd like to take this opportunity to offer a brief aside on the real dangers of conspiracy theorists such as those making up the movement Scholars for 9/11 Truth. It wasn't as if neoconservatives needed to stage the events of 9/11—its inevitability was widely recognized by political analysts and popular cultural texts.... Rather, the real lesson of these events was that the neoconservatives were prepared for its occurrence, and ready to hegemonize it in particular directions, in a way that any left opposition was not".
  51. ↑ Jim Richardson & Allen Richardson, Gonzo Science (Paraview, 2004), p 272: "Gonzo Science interviewed JFK assassination researcher Jim Fetzer in his office at University of Minnesota-Duluth on October 25, 2002. The news about Senator Paul Wellstone's fatal crash had just broken a couple of hours previously. The coincidence was oppressive and terrible and we nearly put off the interview".
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Kevin Diaz (3 Jun 2003). "Conspiracy theories thrive after Wellstone plane crash". Star Tribune (Minneapolis). Retrieved 1 Aug 2012. 
  53. ↑ Mike Mosedale 2006, p. 5.
  54. ↑ Eva Dameron (31 Oct 2005). "Author makes case for murder". New Mexico Daily Lobo. 
  55. ↑ David Duke, the onetime Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan, has been a neo-Nazi activist.
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 56.2 Unsigned, "Decade of deceit: Anti-semitic 9/11 conspiracy theories 10 years later", § "Jim Fetzer", ADL Archive, 30 Aug 2011.
  57. ↑ Michael Shermer, Why People Believe Weird Things (New York: Henry Holt and Co, 2002), pp 199–200, briefly summarizes Zündel's public stances.
  58. ↑ "Ernst Zündel: Persecuted & imprisoned for research on WWII", The Real Deal with Jim Fetzer Podcast, Aug 2012.
  59. ↑ Jerry Mazza, "Even your best friends won't tell you: Ahmadinejad's UN General Assembly speech", James Fetzer blog, 25 Sep 2010.
  60. ↑ Others included Kevin Barrett as well as former U.S. Senator Mike Gravel.
    Unsigned, "Iran 'Hollywoodism' conference partners with U.S. & international anti-Semites, conspiracy theorists", Official Blogs from the Anti-Defamation League, 5 Feb 2013.
    Joshua Keating, "Mike Gravel on movies, sanctions, and what we can learn from Iran", Foreign Policy blog, 22 Feb 2013.
  61. ↑ SC/HGH, "Bush aided Israel in destabilizing ME: James Fetzer", Press TV (Iran), 6 Oct 2013.
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 MSK/HJL, "West unsuccessful in toppling Syria's Assad: James Fetzer", Press TV (Iran), 14 Mar 2013.
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