Jalna, Maharashtra

Jalna, Maharashtra Jalna जालना جالنه
city
Nickname(s): city of steel
Jalna, Maharashtra Location in Maharashtra, India
Coordinates: [//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Jalna%2C_Maharashtra&params=19.83_N_75.88_E_type:city(345035)_region: 19°50′N 75°53′E / 19.83°N 75.88°E / 19.83; 75.88]Coordinates: [//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Jalna%2C_Maharashtra&params=19.83_N_75.88_E_type:city(345035)_region: 19°50′N 75°53′E / 19.83°N 75.88°E / 19.83; 75.88]
Country	India
State	Maharashtra
District	Jalna
Government
• M.L.A	Kailash Gorantiyal
Elevation	489 m (1,604 ft)
Population (2010)
• Total	345,035
Languages
• Official	Marathi
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN	43120X
Telephone code	02482
Vehicle registration	MH 21

Jalna  pronunciation (help·info)(Marathi: जालना Urdu: جالنه‎) is a city and a municipal council in Jalna district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Jalna was formerly a part of Nizam State as a tahsil of Aurangabad district.
Jalna district formerly a part of Aurangabad district was formed on 1 May 1982 by carving out Jalna, Bhokardan, Jafrabad, Ambad tahsils of Aurangabad district and Partur tahsil of Parbhani district. The boundaries of Jalna district are adjacent to Parbhani & Buldhana on east, Aurangabad on west, Jalgaon on north and Beed on south. It is the premier commercial centre of the Marathwada region and is also the headquarters of tahsil & district to which it gives its name.

History

Legend dates the foundation of the town as far back as the time of Rama, the hero of Ramayana, whose consort Sita is supposed to have resided here. The locals still point out the place where Rama's palace stood. At the desire of a wealthy Muslim merchant, who is said to have been a great benefactor of the place, it was named as Jalna, from his occupation of Julaha or weaver.

During Akbar's time Jalna was held in as jagir by one of his generals, and Abul Fazl has made it his residence for a short period. Nizam ul Mulk Asaf Jah also favoured the town as being healthier than others.

The place has had frequent changes of masters. For a long time, it was held by one of the Shinde's dependents, but shortly after the battle of Udgir in 1760, a rival claimant from Pune endeavoured to seize it. It was taken possession of by Colonel Stevenson's Troops in 1803 in the famous Battle of Assaye. Assaye was a village in Jafrabad tahsil on the river of Juah located around 10 K.M east of Bhokardan. After which it finally reverted to the Nizam of Hyderabad.

Geography

Jalna is located at 19°50′N 75°53′E / 19.83°N 75.88°E / 19.83; 75.88.^[1] It has an average elevation of 489 metres (1604 feet), it is situated on the banks of river kundalika. Jalna district covers an area of 7,612 km², which is 2.47% of the total state area. Jalna is approximately situated at the center part of Maharashtra state and in northern direction of Marathwada region.

Climate

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,^[2] Jalna had a population of 235,529. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Jalna has an average literacy rate of 64%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 57%. In Jalna, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Education

Jalna is one of the renowned educational centres in Maharashtra.

Jalna City has several educational institutes:
. Marathi Kanyapath Shala
. M.S.S. College of Engineering & Technology, Jalna
. Government polytechnic college jalna
. Government Ayurvedic College & Hospital, Jalna
. D.J.P. polytechnic college Rohanwadi, Jalna
. J.E.S. college of arts, Science and commers, Jalna
. Homeopathic College, selgaon, Jalna
. Rashtra mata college, Jalna
. M.S.S. college of arts, commers & science, Jalna
. D.J.P College of Engineering & Technology, Jalna
. D.J.P I.T.I,Jalna
. Badrinarayana barwala senior& junior college, Jalna
. S.B college of science& arts, Jalna
. National d.ed college, national nagar, Jalna
. government d.ed college,old jalna, Jalna
. M.S.S d.ed college, Jalna
. Jalna college of B.B.A,Jalna
. J.E.S. college of Pharmacy, Jalna
. Agricultural College, Badnapur, Jalna
. M.S.S Law College, Jalna
. Government ITI,Jalna
. Shri M.S Jain English School, Jalna
. Urdu high school & junior College, Itawara, Jalna
. Allama iqbal Urdu high school, Dukhi nagar, Jalna
. Multi purpose Urdu high school, Jalna
. Gujrati mahavidyalaye, Jalna
. Jain high school, Jalna
. C.T.M.K high school, Jalna
. St Mary's high school, Jalna
. St johns high school & junior college, Jalna
. S.B. high school, town hall, Jalna
. Chaitaly multimedia high school, Jalna
. Podar C.B.S.E School, Shivaji statue, Jalna
. Ryan international school(C.B.S.C ),Jalna
. Golden jublie High school(C.B.S.E),Jalna
. R.H.V high school, Jalna
. R.H.V Hindi maha vidyalaye, Jalna
. Smt.D.H.K.V. school, Jalna. . Shaheed Bhagat Singh High School, Daregaon

Transport

Jalna is primarily connected with rest of India by Roads and Railways.

Rail transport

"Jalna" (Station Code: J) is a station located on the Kachiguda-Manmad section of Hyderabad(HYB) Division of South Central Railway(SCR). After Divisional adjustments in 2003, which saw the bifurcation of Hyderabad Division, Jalna now comes under the newly created Nanded (NED) Division of SCR. Jalna has rail connectivity with Manmad, Aurangabad, Nanded, Parbhani, Parli Vaijnath, Latur, Osmanabad, Gangakhed, Mudkhed, Adilabad, Nagpur, Basar, Nizamabad, Nasik, Mumbai, Pune, Daund, Mahbubnagar, Kurnool, Kadapa, Renigunta, Tirupati, Katpadi, Erode, Madurai and Kachiguda (HYB). Marathwada Express between Dharmabad and Manmad is the most prestigious train passing through this station.

Road transport

The district head quarter is at Jalna & well connected to state capital and national capital by broad gauge railway line. Major towns of the state are also connected by state highways. Road connectivity is excellent and road connecting to Aurangabad, Pune, Ahmednagar, Nagpur, Beed, Mumbai are upgraded into four-lane highway. A New Nagpur-Aurangabad-Mumbai highway passing through Jalna is being developed.

Industry

In 1889 a cotton-spinning and weaving mill was erected in Aurangabad city, which employed 700 people. With the opening of the Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways in the year 1900 several ginning factories were started. In the Jalna alone there were 9 cotton-ginning factories and 5 cotton-presses, besides two ginning factories at Aurangabad and Kannad,Telugu. and one oil- press at Aurangabad. The total number of people employed in the cotton-presses and ginning factories in the year 1901 was 1,016.^[3] The first Cotton Ginning & Pressing Factory was established in the year 1863 by Mr. Pestonji Meherwanji a wealthy Merchant belonging to the Jalnawalla family. The Jalnawalla family owned 6400 acres of land and 17 cotton Ginning & Pressing factories in the Nizam State. Under the plans of Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) an industrial area has been set up in Jalna. Consisting of large-scale, medium scale and, Small scale industries. Jalna industrial area has a large number of steel rolling mills, NRB Bearings a unit manufacturing ball bearings,sree lakshimi finance Pvtlmt haveing in hyderabad, in partership of a.mouliyadav in supporting BJP otherpolitical partys.(POLAAD) a unit manufacturing of construction bars in brand name POLAAD, agro based units like dal mills and most significant being large number of seed manufacturing units; Mahyco, Mahindra, Bejo-Shital are some of them. The MIDC has recently announced to set up bio technology park (BT Park) at Jalna with the help of private sector units. This park will give a tremendous boost to the BT sector in the backward area of Marathwada. Cotton Market of Jalna is well known in surrounding area.^[4]

Places of interest

^[4][5][6] (*---___saraswathi matha tempel---*-___) it was haveing great tempel by haveing peace and concentrationin by really infront of saraswathi matha is there bealeaving in this temple to saraswathi matha great god powers there in bealiving people in those regions (*---___lord shiva mandira---)___ it was haveing shiva ashram located and haveing elephants flowering magical trees located it was old tempel shiva rathri is famous festival in this region come to this tempel har har mahadeva tempel also called people

Shri Datta Ashram

Shri Datta Ashram was established in the year 1994 on the auspicious day of 'Shri Ram Navmi' by P P Tai Maharaj. The great saint and scholarly figure in the name of H H Shri Dattamaharaj Kavishwar were the prime inspiration behind this holy trust (http://www.dattamaharajkavishwar.org/). Shri Datta Ashram is located at Satguru nagar, Devmurthi on Nhava Road at Jalna.

• Saints from India have always propagated to spread and enhance love and devotion for supreme god and teachers (Guru), spread of harmony and positive and humanitarian attitude for development of all living beings. Shri Datta Ashram always believed in these teachings and has devoted itself to spread the same and to provide assistance in adoption thereof by the society.
• Modern medical science has established that there exists a close nexus between positive attitude and physical and psychological well-being of a person. One of the objectives of Shri Datta Ashram is to provide a place to the society which is free from pollution and day to day tensions of modern life where people will experience peace and mental and physical well-being.
• Shri Datta Ashram conducts projects for people of all castes and creed for provision of tension free atmosphere, energetic vibrations arising out of nam sankirtan and pure vegetarian food.
• Also Shri Datta Ashram conducts religious rituals and celebrates festivals of the idols and photographs of the gods and goddesses established in its premises and arranges food distribution(anna daan) and collective program on such occasions.
• 15KM away from Jalna at Jalana-Deolgaon Raja road there is 'Waghrul Jahangir village having "jagdamba devi" Temple, it is very famous in the region.

Jamb Samarth

Birthplace of Swami Ramdas

Jalna Fort

Nizam ul Mulk Asaf Jah favoured the town as being healthier than Aurangabad and it was he who ordered Kabil Khan in 1725 to build the fort together with citadel situated to the east of the town and which is today known as Mastgad. The citadel is being used to accommodate the municipal offices. The fort is quadrangular in shape, with semi circular bastions at the corners. It is reported that the inner and the outer gates were constructed by Asaf Jah himself in 1711 and 1723, respectively. The citadel bears of Persian inscription recording the date when it was constructed. Within the citadel is a large well containing a series of galleries and chambers which are now filled up with rubbish.

Moti Talab

Jamshed Khan, built the "Kali" masjid, inside the Mecca gate, together with the "hammam" or bath, and the "sarai". He also constructed the Moti Talab, a large tank to the west of the town. A system of underground pipes conveyed water to reservoirs, in the town. The largest of which is in quadrangle of the sarai. The system is no longer in working order. When the city was at the height of its prosperity it had five tanks. A garden was also constructed on the banks of the talab known as Moti Bagh. Jalna was also surrounded by a mud and brick wall but it is all in ruins except two gates, known as the Murti Darwaza and the Hyderabad gate.^[4]

Ghanewadi Talab

The Gahnewadi Talab was built & constructed by Mr. Bezonji Faridoonji Jalnawalla in the years 1924 to 1931. Mr. Bezonji in whose honour the Jalna Municipality named a road was a great patron of Jalna. He took the contract of building the Ghanewadi lake and spent rupees two lakhs from his own pockets so that people of Jalna could have enough water for the city. He was a great Philanthropist and from the accounts available with the firm M/s. Pestonji Meherwanji it is known that up until the year 1949 he had spent about Nine Lakh rupees on various charity projects in Jalna. Its the only lake that provide's drinking water to the hole jalna city till now, but it's in very bad condition people around the lake as capatre the land of agriculture and the local Municipal Council does not also look after the lake is the main reason behind lake current condition.

The Jumma Masjid

The Jumma masjid at Jalna built by Jamshed Khan in A.D. 1557, is rectangular in form, closed on three sides and arcaded in front, and has a corresponding verandah, with a sloping terraced roof resting on three pointed arches. The coiners of the roof of the main structure carry little fluted domes; and the masjid contains some perforated stone-work. The principal dome is ornamented at the base and top with lotus leaves, and has the elegant form and slender spire of the Moghal style. A cistern is inside a paved courtyard; and the surrounding wall has a platform all round, with pointed arched recesses on the outside.

Hamam

An adjoining hamam or bath is interesting on account of the arched roof that covers it; and a large sarai to the west of the masjid had an imposing entrance, but the upper portion has fallen down.

Sarai

The sarai stands on moulded stone pillars, and the roof has a pavilion at each corner. A large cistern is in front; and the courtyard, which measures 62 yards by 48 yards, is enclosed by a wall which has arched recesses all round for travellers. The masjid and accompanying works are of stone in lime. A Mahomedan kachari close by is also said to have been built by Jamshed Khan.

Dargas to saints at Jalna

The town of Jalna contains the dargas of Shah Nasir-ud-din and Shah Latif Kadari, who came to the Dakhan with Burhan-ud-din.

Dargah of Zacha and Bacha

The darga of Zacha and Bacha at Jalna bears a strong resemblance to the tombs of the Pathan kings at old Delhi. [According to a legend at Jalna, a female was pursued by a mad elephant, and finding no shelter all round, prayed to be buried in the earth. Her prayer was answered, and this tomb was built over the spot to commemorate the event.] It consists of a square apartment, surrounded by a narrow veranda. Each face has three pointed arches supported on square columns; and a projecting string course above is succeeded by seven little rectangular recesses surmounted by pointed arches. A neat cornice comes next, and a parapet wall runs all round. A second parapet wall runs at a higher level, round the face walls of the main building; and an octagonal tower covered with a small horse-shoe dome, is at each angle. The principal dome is ornamented with lotus leaves, &c., at the base, and the summit is crowned with a drum. The face walls of the main building have windows at the sides, filled in with perforated stonework.

Dargah of Jan Alla Shah

Jan Alla Shah's darga at Jalna was erected in A.D. 1681, and consists of a room 20 feet square, covered with a bulbous dome. There is only one door, with a portico in front supported on four wooden posts. A projecting cornice runs round the top of the side walls, and rests on small blocks or drops, beneath which are a series of little arched recesses. The four corners are built up in an hexagonal form, and rise into minarets, carrying four little towers, each surmounted with a bulbous dome and spire. The veranda posts are neatly carved, and have wooden brackets which meet one another, and form elegant scalloped openings under the architrave. A stone wall surrounds the darga; the gateway has an arched opening adorned with minarets; and a similar arched entrance with minarets is on the opposite side. A second stone wall runs along the bank of the Kundalika, which is faced with masonry down to the bed of the river. This and the inner wall are relieved by minarets rising at intervals, and are further ornamented with arched recesses, some of which are filled with perforated masonry work. The inner enclosure contains the dargas of Jan Alla, and of his brother Bab Alla, together with a masjid, zanana, and open-fronted buildings all round for travellers. The darga is well situated on the right bank of the Kundalka River, and the neat dome and the numerous minarets and ornamental compound wall, mingle picturesquely with the dark green foliage of the garden.

Dargah of Nur Shah Wali

Nur Shah Wali's darga at Jalna has a dome of the usual Indo-Saracenic style. The faces of the walls on the outside are divided into two stories by a plain horizontal band; and each storie is again sub-divided vertically into three compartments, by pilasters which rise above the projecting cornice, and form small minarets. The compartments of the lower storie on three sides, contain recesses covered by scalloped arches; while the upper storey has small windows corresponding to them. The door of the darga is on the fourth side, and has a veranda in front, supported on four wooden pillars, moulded at top and bottom. The corners carry minarets which are higher than the intermediate ones; and an ornamental railing is between them. The lower part of the dome is adorned with a circular band of petals, and the upper bears an elegant spire. Nur Shah Wali flourished in the reign of Aurangzib, and his darga is said to have been erected by one of his Hindu disciples, but probably, it was only reconstructed.

Shopping and eating out

Shubash Road in the middle of the city is the local market for all items such as Cloats, the old food market known as Mahatma Phule market is also located on this road and it is a busiest road of the city.

Sufi Saints of Jalna^[5][6]

Mahomed Ibrahim

The Ashaba has two large iron cauldrons; which contains the grave of Mohammed Ibrahim. There are many other graves in the vicinity, and the place has been used for a long time by the Muslims as a burial ground.

Sher Sawar & Raja Bagh Sawar

A "tekri" or rising ground with a deep well attached to it is found not far from the Ashaba. The mound is now surmounted by a dome which covers the remains of Shaikh Ahmad, surnamed "Sher Sawar" or the "lion-mounted." The attendant "khadim" makes him contemporary with' Abdul Kadar Jilani (H. 561); but the dome is only a "chilla" or cenotaph, and the body was buried elsewhere. The Ashaba also contains the grave of Raja Bagh Sawar, a contemporary of Jan Alla. Raja Bagh Sawar is said to have visited Nirgun Shah Wali, seated on a lion. A "pilu" tree with an enormous trunk is found growing to the south-west, within the precincts of the cemetery.

Tuttu sodagar, & others

Tuttu Sodagar was a wealthy merchant of Surat and a Bohra by caste, who built the "Tuttu " darwaza of Jalna in H. 1126. He died near the 'Ambad gate, on his way back from Rakisbon, and was buried near the mosque which he built. There were six other rich Musalmans, and in former days Jalna was noted for its wealth. According to an old Urdu proverb, "the children in Jalna were lulled to sleep in cradles of gold,” Malis and poor people offer fruit to Pir Ghaib Sahib's tomb in front of the "Tuttu" darwaza.
Similar presents are made to the darga of Dervash Shah Awaz on the Aurangabad road,-especially by the dhobis, to preserve the clothes in the " bhattis" from getting burnt.
The inhabitants of Jalna pray for worldly success at Shah Shumli's tomb; and mothers offer supplications at Pir Darbari's tomb, so that their children may attend " darbars," or become Courtiers.
Shah Mauik's tomb is in the "churi mohulla "of Jalna, where glass bangles are manufactured and sold. Shah Shubli had his residence in the "manik chauk," and was a follower of 'Abu Bekr Shubli, a renowned mystic Shaikh of Baghdad. Musi Makai possessed a valuable library, and was buried in the Ashaba to the north of Jalna.

Jamshed Khan & others

Jamshed Khan was a Sufi and the governor during Malik Ambar's time. He also constructed the large tank at Jalna, and laid down pipes and reservoirs for the water supply of the city. Jamshad Khan flourished in the 10th century of the Hijri, and was buried in his garden to the north of Jalna. The cultivators sacrifice to his tomb, so that their crops may not suffer.
A masjid at Georahi, not far from Jalna, is resorted to by Hindus and Muslims, as it is believed to possess powers of divination. A saint Rafi ud din is said to have possessed similar powers, and his masjid has a "waqf" or pious legacy of 200-bigahs of land, granted by Aurangzeb.
Bahar Khan was a religious man that came from Bidar to Ranjani in the 8th century Hijri. A mosque beyond Ranjani was built by his wife Ayisha Bi; and near it is the darga of Latif Shah Aulia. Gudar Shah Wali arrived in Aurangzeb's time, he erected a mosque.

Jan Alla Shahi

A sect founded at Jalna by Jan Mohammed, who was born at Sinnur near Delhi in H. 1030. He was early left an orphan, and started with his brother for Baghdad; and on completing his studies, was instructed at the tomb of 'Abdul Kadar Jilani to proceed to the great spiritualist, Miranji of Burhanpur. After studying with Miranji for five years, Jan Mahomed's name was changed in open congregation to Jan Alla (Life of God), and that of his brother to Bab Alla (Door of God). In H. 1046 he started for Mecca accompanied by the ancestors of the present "khadims;" and on his journey, was assisted by the "Jins."

After an absence of twelve years Jan Alla was instructed to proceed to Jalna, which he did by way of Baghdad. On arriving at Aurangabad, he occupied a chamber on the left of the Jumma masjid of Malik Ambar, and was quite a recluse, performing the "Sunnat" prayers in his own room, and only the "Fars" prayers in the mosque. His sanctity was noised about, and he was invited to Jalna by haji Bur Khurdar the faujdar. Aurangzeb also wished to see him and went for the purpose to the Jumma masjid, and even to the " Hujra" or chamber, but did not succeed in his object. A copy of a letter is still shown, which is said to have been written to Jan Alla by order of Aurangzeb. The emperor next sent his vizier, but before the latter could come, Jan Alla and his brother had quietly gone away to Mungi Paitan, and from thence proceeded with Abdur Rahman, the deputy faujdar, to Jalna. Aurangzeb then sent prince Muazzam to Jalna, and the saint received the prince kindly in a small dwelling in a mango grove where Jan Alla's tomb has since been erected. It was on this occasion that Jan Alla received a sanad for five hundred bighas of land near Jalnapur, where Kadrabad and the cantonment now stand.

Nirgun shah Wali

Nirgun Shah Wali came from Bengal, and lived as a recluse at Nidhara, two miles north of Jalna. His principle was, "retirement from the eyes of the world, and cessation from seeking the honor and respect of any one." When Aurangzeb was at Jalna, he is said to have visited Nirgun Shah Wali. Many others called to see him, including Jan Alla, Bab Alla, raja Bagh Sawar., and Nirgun received them, seated on a stone which is still pointed out. He also paid return visits, and took with him a starling (maina), which was always his companion and was able to talk.

Attractions in Jalna

Shri Datta Ashram Moti bagh Lal bagh Moti talab Ghanewadi talab Lonar lake(100 km) Ajanta (120 km) Elora (150 km) Aurangabad (50 km) Jalna national park Jindal supermarket Sailani baba dargah Jalna fort Iron bridge Kali masjid Bilal masjid Dawa bazar Mondha mall Matsodari mandir(30 km) Mamma devi mandir Jain tempel Rajur (Temlpe of Lord Ganesha) Saraswati Temple (Kharpudi) Shree Anandi Swami Mandir (Old Jalna) Shree Swami Samarth Mandir (Bhale Nagri) Shree Jagdamba devi mandir (Waghrul Jahangir) Localities in Jalna City Malacha Ganpati (Maal ka Ganpati) Kali Kurti Itwara north Itwara south Sambhaji nagar Nariman nagar Ahmad colony Ram tirth Shani mandir Ganpati galli Bhagya nagar Kuchchar watta Varandavan colony Indira nagar Sanjay nagar Dukhi nagar Afghan mohalla Zafar khan Chali Income tax colony Gandhi Chaman Moti bagh Vikas nagar National nagar Town hall Mastgarh Mali pura Tattu pura Maniyar galli Anand swami galli Kacheri road Nutan wasahat Dehedkar wadi Chandan jhera north Chandan jhera south Sundar nagar S.T. work shop Daregaon Lakkad kot Raut nagar Mama chaowk Old mondha New mondha Rahman ganj Subhash road Penshan pura Baid pura Sadar bazar Sarafa Pani bes Mukteshwar dwar Ambad bes Tanga stand Shivaji putla Badi sadak Modikhana Azad maidan Mantha chaofuly Ram nagar Canought palace Ambad chaofuly Prashanti nagar Telephone colony Kanhayya nagar west Kanhayya nagar east Kanhayya nagar central Bajaj nagar Shivaji nagar mahavir chaowk Ambedkar nagar, barwar galli, kadrabad . Police colony M.I.D.C new M.I.D.C old M.I.D.C daregao M.I.D.C Nagewadi Cidco Hadco Indewadi Railway colony Nilam nagar Nilkand nagar Anand nagar Kali masjid Tipusultan chaowk Hanuman chaowk Bilal nagar Mahyco colony Azad nagar Barwar Galli, Kadrabad. Shantinath nagar. K.G.N. Chowk (Aurangabad Chaufully) Gujrat Tea Traders.pvt.Ltd Modi Khana JPC Bank Colony Ramnagar Dwarka Nagar Bhale Nagar shiv nagar Ghayal Nagar Behind S.B.Highschool old jalna(S.D) Jalna, the novels The city's name was used by Canadian author Mazo de la Roche for the title of her novel Jalna, first in a series of 16 popular books of the 20th century. Named after the city, Jalna is the name of a fictional manor house built in the 1850s in southern Ontario by a retired officer of the British army who had served in India. The book series sold some 12 million copies, and was adapted for stage, radio, film, and television. Location Buldhana Aurangabad Parbhani   Jalna, Maharashtra   Beed References ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Jalna ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.  ↑ "Hyderabad" by Mirza Mehdy Khan, Imperial Gazetteer of India, Government Printing Press, Calcutta, 1909. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 jalna.nic.in ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gazetter of Aurangabad – H. H. The Nizam's Government 1884 pg 385 – 427 ↑ 6.0 6.1 Gazetter of Aurangabad – H. H. The Nizam's Government 1884 pg 583–604