Jack Armand Cunningham

Jack Armand Cunningham
Born	(1890-12-04)4 December 1890 Liverpool, England
Died	3 April 1956(1956-04-03) (aged 65) Hoylake, Cheshire, England
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service/branch	Royal Flying Corps Royal Air Force
Years of service	ca 1915–1945
Rank	Lieutenant Colonel
Unit	No. 18 Squadron RFC, No. 6 Squadron RFC, No. 65 Squadron RAF, No. 65 Wing RAF
Awards	Distinguished Service Order, Distinguished Flying Cross, French Legion d'honneur and Croix de guerre, Belgian Order of Leopold and Croix de guerre

Lieutenant Colonel Jack Armand Cunningham DSO DFC (1890–1956) was an English World War I flying ace credited with 10 aerial victories. His victory record was remarkable for being scored over a four year stretch, using four different types of aircraft.

Cunningham continued his lengthy military career until the end of World War II, when he was retired for age.

World War I

Cunningham served in 5 Squadron from 7 July to 18 October 1915 in Warwickshire, England.^[1] After a transfer to 18 Squadron in France, on 28 November 1915 Cunningham and his observer used a Vickers Gunbus to drive down an LVG reconnaissance machine down over La Bassée. On 29 December 1915, Cunningham had switched to a single-seat Bristol Scout to drive down an Aviatik recon plane over Provin. On 5 February 1916, he used an Airco DH.2 to force an Albatros recon machine to land at Carvin.^[2]

Effective 15 July 1916, Cunningham was appointed a Squadron Leader, with the concomitant rank of temporary major.^[3] He would not score his next victories until 18 December 1917, when he was apparently commanding 65 Squadron. He became an ace flying a Sopwith Camel fighter to destroy one German Albatros D.V fighter and drive another down out of control.^[4]

Cunningham scored again on 5 February 1918, when he destroyed an Albatros D.V over Beythem. On 12 March, he destroyed an Albatros over Westrozebeke, Belgium. Five days later, he destroyed another over Zuidhoek. He destroyed another one east of Demuin, France on 3 April 1918.^[5]

On 2 June 1918, Cunningham was promoted to temporary lieutenant colonel while he was assigned as such.^[6] The following day, he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross as his king's birthday honor.^[7]

Lieutenant colonel Cunningham would win one final victory, when he destroyed a German reconnaissance two-seater over the English Channel off the Belgian coast on 3 August 1918 for his tenth win. He was flying with 65 Wing at the time.^[8]

Post World War I

On 1 January 1919, Cunningham was awarded the Distinguished Service Order.^[9] This honor was followed by others; on 5 April 1919, he was awarded the French Croix de guerre and Chevalier de Legion d'honneur^[10] On 23 April 1919, he gave up both his commission as captain in Royal Regiment of Artillery and as temporary lieutenant colonel in RAF.^[11] He transferred to the unemployed list of the Royal Air Force on 26 April 1919, retaining the honorary rank of lieutenant colonel.^[12]

His activities over the new few years are unrecorded; however, on 8 September 1923 Captain J. A. Cunningham DSO DFC resigned his commission in the Royal Regiment of Artillery, meaning he must have re-enrolled.^[13]

The record then lapses for a decade. On 1 September 1933, Cunningham married Ellaline Lydia Joan Macfie at Knutsford.^[14][15] He would not come to notice again until World War II.

World War II and beyond

On 13 August 1939, he was commissioned as a captain in the British Regular Army Reserve; his seniority of rank was set as 14 July 1932, indicating he previously held a captain's commission on that date.^[16]

On 9 April 1945, Major Cunningham was released from the Reserves on account of age; he was allowed the honorary rank of lieutenant colonel.^[17]

On 3 April 1956, Jack Armand Cunningham died at Dunloch, Hoylake, Cheshire, England.^[18]

References

• Unknown author. Aeroplane and Commercial Aviation News, Volume 90. 1956.

Endnotes