Jönköping
| Jönköping | ||
|---|---|---|
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  Jönköping | ||
| Coordinates: 57°46′58″N 14°09′38″E / 57.78278°N 14.16056°ECoordinates: 57°46′58″N 14°09′38″E / 57.78278°N 14.16056°E | ||
| Country | Sweden | |
| Province | Småland | |
| County | Jönköping County | |
| Municipality | Jönköping Municipality | |
| City status | 1284 | |
| Area[1] | ||
| • City | 44.82 km2 (17.31 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 104 m (341 ft) | |
| Population (31 December 2010)[1] | ||
| • City | 89,396 | |
| • Density | 2,000/km2 (5,200/sq mi) | |
| • Metro | 123,709 | |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | |
| Postal code | 551 xx | |
| Area code(s) | (+46) 36 | |
| Vehicle registration | 1544 | |
| Website | www.jonkoping.se | |
Jönköping (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjœnːˈɕøːpiŋ]) is a city in southern Sweden with 89,396 inhabitants (2010).[1] It is the 9th most populous city of Sweden. Jönköping is situated by the southern end of Sweden's second largest lake, Vättern. The original town Jönköping has grown together with Huskvarna and Norrahammar forming a contiguous urban area, since 1971 wholly within the same municipality.
The city is the seat of Jönköping Municipality which has a population of 129 478 (2012), and also the seat of Jönköping County which has a population of 339 116 (2013). Jönköping is the seat of a district court and a court of appeal as well as the Swedish National Courts Administration. It is also the seat of the Swedish Board of Agriculture.[2]
History
Jönköping is an old trading center (Köping), since it was located on a crossroad for the roads following along the rivers Nissan and Lagan, and the road between the provinces Östergötland and Västergötland. This was rather natural due to the geographical position of the city at the southern end of lake Vättern, which divided the two counties. On 18 May 1284, Jönköping received rights as a City in Sweden as one of the first communities in the country, by King Magnus Ladulås, who at that time largely ruled the nation from Vättern's largest island Visingsö. In the name of the city "Jön-" is derived from a creek, "Junebäcken", which was situated in the nowadays western part of the city, Talavid. This was the location of the first known settlement in the area. The second part of the name "-köping", as mentioned above, is an old word for a trading center or market place.
However, the geographical position of the city also left it vulnerable to foreign attacks, mainly from the Danes, coming from the south with the river roads; at that time, the provinces of what is today southern Sweden — Scania, Halland and Blekinge — belonged to Denmark. Consequently, the city was plundered and burned several times, until a fortification was built in the 16th and 17th century.
Jönköping is known for its matchstick industry 1845-1970.[3] Still today it is an important Swedish logistical center, with many companies' central warehouses situated there (like IKEA, Electrolux and Husqvarna).
Present
The urban area of Jönköping today includes the eastern industrial town of Huskvarna, with which it has grown together.
A major fair and exhibition center, Elmia is also located in Jönköping, with fairs including Elmia Wood, the world’s largest forestry fair. Elmia’s fairs are also the biggest of their kind in Europe for subcontractors, trucks, caravans and railways. Since 2001, Elmia has also been the site of the world's largest LAN party, DreamHack with two events every year, Dreamhack Summer and Dreamhack Winter.
Climate
Jönköping's climate is humid continental (Köppen Dfb) with long, cold winters and short, warm summers.
| Climate data for Jönköping | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | −1.1 (30) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
3.0 (37.4) |
8.5 (47.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
19.6 (67.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
14.7 (58.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
4.0 (39.2) |
0.6 (33.1) |
9.49 (49.09) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.6 (25.5) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
3.7 (38.7) |
9.6 (49.3) |
13.9 (57) |
15.0 (59) |
14.1 (57.4) |
10.2 (50.4) |
6.4 (43.5) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
5.34 (41.62) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −6.6 (20.1) |
−7.3 (18.9) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−1.1 (30) |
3.6 (38.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
9.4 (48.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
6.0 (42.8) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
1.04 (33.88) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 48 (1.89) |
31 (1.22) |
38 (1.5) |
37 (1.46) |
46 (1.81) |
52 (2.05) |
73 (2.87) |
63 (2.48) |
71 (2.8) |
63 (2.48) |
66 (2.6) |
53 (2.09) |
641 (25.25) |
| Source: Hong Kong Observatory [4] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
- Lillian Asplund, RMS Titanic survivor
- John Bauer, illustrator, painter
- Amy Diamond, singer
- Agnetha Fältskog, ABBA
- Carl Henrik Fredriksson, editor-in-chief and co-founder of Eurozine
- Anders Gustafsson, kayaker, Olympian
- Dag Hammarskjöld, former United Nations Secretary-General
- I'm from Barcelona, a 29-piece indie pop band
- Mona Johannesson, model
- Per G. Malm, leader in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
- The Motorhomes, a rock band
- Fredrik Neij, founder of The Pirate Bay BitTorrent-tracker
- Nina Persson, vocalist with The Cardigans
- Sofia Paldanius, kayaker, Olympian
- Johan Björnsson Printz, governor of the Swedish colony of New Sweden
- Viktor Rydberg, author
- Swante M. Swenson, founder of the SMS Ranches in Texas
- Carl Peter Thunberg, botanist
- Stefan Liv, ice hockey goaltender
Education
- Jönköping University Foundation
- Södra Vätterbygdens Folkhögskola
- The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education
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Sport
- HV71, ice hockey team in Elitserien of ice hockey.
- Jönköpings kanotklubb, successful kayak club both at national and international level.
- Jönköpings IK (JIK), floorball team in Swedish Super League.
- Jönköpings Södra IF, football (soccer) team in Superettan (second tier league of Sweden).
- Husqvarna FF, football (soccer) team in Division 1 (third tier league of Sweden).
- IK Tord, football (soccer) team in Division 2 Västra Götaland (fourth tier league of Sweden).
- Jönköpings simsällskap (Jönköping's Swimming Society), have Swedish champions in both swimming and diving. [citation needed] There are also three other water disciplines in the club, lifeguarding and synchronized swimming.
See also
- Jönköping Municipality
- Swedish National Board of Agriculture
- International Ice Hockey Federation World Championships (2002, held in Jönköping)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Localities 2010, area, population and density in localities 2005 and 2010 and change in area and population". Statistics Sweden. 29 May 2012. Archived from the original on 17 December 2012.
- ↑ "Swedish Board of Agriculture – How to find our headquarters". Swedish Board of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
- ↑ Ohlsen, Becky; Kaminski, Anna; Lundgren, K (June 1, 2012). Lonely Planet Sweden (5th edition ed.). Lonely Planet. ISBN 1741797268.
- ↑ "Climatological Normals of Jonkoping". Hong Kong SAR Government. Retrieved 2011-01-06.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jönköping. |
- Official website
- article Jönköping from Nordisk familjebok, (Swedish)
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