Interstate 83

Interstate 83
Route information
Maintained by PennDOT, MDSHA, Baltimore DOT
Length:	85.3 mi[1] (137.3 km)
Existed:	1975 – present
Major junctions
South end:	East Fayette & North President Streets and Fallsway in Baltimore, MD
	US 1 in Baltimore, MD I-695 near Baltimore, MD US 30 in York, PA I-76 / Penna. Tpk. near Camp Hill, PA PA 581 / Capital Beltway in Lemoyne, PA I-283 near Paxtang, PA US 22 near Progress, PA
North end:	I-81 / US 322 / Capital Beltway in Harrisburg, PA
Highway system
Interstate Highway System Main Auxiliary Suffixed Business

Interstate 83 (abbreviated I-83) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. Its southern terminus is in Baltimore, Maryland at the Fayette Street exit; its northern terminus is in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania at Interstate 81.

Most of the route south of Lemoyne, Pennsylvania is a direct replacement of US 111, a former spur of US 11.

Route description

Maryland

Jones Falls Expressway

Interstate 83 seen from the Orleans Street bridge

The Jones Falls Expressway, known to local residents as the JFX, is a 10.2-mile-long (16.4 km) freeway that carries Interstate 83 from downtown Baltimore to the northern suburbs. It is the area's true north–south artery, because Interstate 95 runs mostly east–west through much of the city. Its southern terminus is at Fayette Street, and its northern terminus is at MD 25, just north of the Baltimore Beltway (I-695). Inside Baltimore, the road is maintained not by the Maryland State Highway Administration, which controls most freeways in the state, but by the city's Department of Transportation.

The freeway begins at an at-grade four-way intersection between the Jones Falls Expressway, Fayette Street, and President Street, located in close proximity to the Phoenix Shot Tower. President Street continues south along the eastern edge of the central business district (CBD) to terminate at a traffic circle in Harbor East. Fayette Street serves as an access route into the downtown area.

Passing beneath the Orleans Street Viaduct (part of US 40), the JFX runs north, passing near the Washington Monument. Between Exits 3 and 4, there is a 90-degree turn that sometimes requires motorists to slow down just before entering it. The curve is located between the Guilford Avenue and Preston Street overpasses. Within the curve, the southbound JFX interchanges with MD 2.

Jones Falls Expressway from Saint Paul Street's bridge. The Baltimore Penn Station is the large building to the right.

Having passed this curve, the JFX begins to parallel MD 25, interchanging with North Avenue (which carries US 1 and US 40 Truck) before continuing north past Druid Lake, forming the northeastern boundary of Druid Hill Park. Running northwest out of the city center, the JFX is paralleled by its namesake river, the Jones Falls, on one side, and the Baltimore Light Rail system on the other. Closer to downtown, the light rail line peels off in a different direction, while the Falls flows directly underneath the elevated freeway.

After interchanging with Cold Spring Lane and Northern Parkway (between which lies the Cylburn Arboretum), the JFX exits Baltimore, entering Baltimore County. Passing close to Mt. Washington Pediatric Hospital, Mount Saint Agnes College, and Jones Falls Park, the route skirts the edge of Robert E. Lee Park before interchanging with Ruxton Road just south of the Baltimore Beltway.

At the Beltway, I-83 leaves the JFX and joins I-695 for a distance of 1.4 miles (2.3 km), where it separates from the latter route to continue onward into northern Maryland. Meanwhile, the JFX continues for another 0.5 miles (0.80 km) in a four-lane divided format before terminating at an at-grade intersection with MD 25 Falls Road. I-83 and I-695 split off at the southern terminus of the Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway, and I-695 continues its eastward trek towards Towson and Parkville.

Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway

Traveling south on I-83, with congestion on the northbound side.

After separating from the Beltway, I-83 is now known as the Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway. Running due north away from the Beltway, the route parallels Maryland Route 45 York Road, the former route of US 111. Passing to the west of Timonium and Cockeysville, I-83 leaves the suburban belt around Baltimore and enters rural Baltimore County just north of Hunt Valley at Shawan Road. I-83 and MD 45 continue to parallel one another through the northern portion of the county, with MD 45 crossing over I-83 once, at an interchange. This segment of I-83 has several sections with higher than usual gradients.

The only major settlement encountered by I-83 along this stretch is Monkton, reached via Maryland Route 137. To the west of I-83, MD 137 connects with the northern terminus of MD 25, I-83's former companion to the south.

The Interstate eventually crosses the Mason-Dixon Line into York County, Pennsylvania, 25 miles (40 km) north of Baltimore, mere feet from a partial interchange with Freeland Road and parallel with MD 45; the latter route becomes the Susquehanna Trail when it reaches Pennsylvania.

Pennsylvania

Pavement markings on I-83 just prior to the northern terminus of I-283.

Throughout Pennsylvania, Interstate 83 is named the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States Memorial Highway.^[2] I-83 enters Pennsylvania crossing the Mason-Dixon line and passing to the east of Shrewsbury, and runs due north towards York. The route bypasses the boroughs of Loganville and Jacobus before entering the city of York.

Uniquely for an Interstate on the east coast, I-83 has a business route through downtown York, known as Interstate 83 Business. The business route follows the former path of US 111, while I-83 turns northeast and then north again to bypass the urban area. Near PA 462, the Lincoln Highway, the Interstate turns west for a short distance, then north again to interchange with US 30. Beyond US 30, I-83 resumes its straight path, running due north out of York and passing to the west of Emigsville.

North of Pennsylvania Route 295, I-83 is known as the Susquehanna Expressway.^{[citation needed]} It maintains this name as it passes to the south and west of Valley Green, continuing north towards Harrisburg. South of Harrisburg, I-83 interchanges with Interstate 76, the Pennsylvania Turnpike. North of I-76, I-83 continues due north, passing through New Cumberland, before an interchanging with Pennsylvania Route 581 in Lemoyne.

After the interchange with PA 581, I-83 is known as the Capital Beltway. The highway turns due east and crosses the Susquehanna River over the John Harris Bridge, south of Harrisburg's central business district, passing through Paxtang before encountering Interstate 283 and US 322 at the Eisenhower Interchange. Within the interchange, I-83 exits from itself, with each direction of traffic following a one-lane ramp; facing east, I-83's former lanes become US 322, while, facing north, I-283's lanes become I-83. The interchanges includes ramps to local city streets as well. From this point northbound to exit 51 traffic is often congested during daylight hours. I-83 and westbound US 322 continue north toward US 22 and I-81, I-283 goes due south toward the turnpike and PA 283's western terminus, and eastbound US 322 goes due east toward Hershey.

Beyond this interchange, I-83 runs due north again through eastern Harrisburg, interchanging with US 22 northeast of the central business district, before terminating at a three-way semi-directional interchange with Interstate 81.^[3]

History

Interstate 83 (JFX) southbound in Baltimore

Jones Falls Expressway

The first Interstate to be built in Baltimore was the Jones Falls Expressway; it was the first to be constructed due to community opposition to the other planned freeways within the city.^{[citation needed]} By the early 1960s, the JFX was completed as far as Guilford Avenue, within the city limits. It was completed as far as Pleasant Street in the downtown area by 1983, but the remaining 4.4 miles (7.1 km) to Interstate 95 were cancelled in September 1982. To compensate for the loss of the remainder of the JFX, the portion in situ was extended to Fayette Street by 1987, and the Jones Falls Boulevard project substantially rebuilt 3/4 of a mile of President Street, across from the JFX at Fayette Street, to allow the traffic to and from the Interstate to be collected and distributed from the surrounding city streets. By 1990, the project was completed.

Due to community opposition to the other freeway plans being produced by city officials, the Jones Falls Expressway was the very first limited-access highway to be completed within the city of Baltimore, and remained so for several years. Originally, the JFX was to continue through the Southeast Baltimore neighborhood of Fells Point to a junction with Interstate 95, but it was met with the same opposition that killed the extension of Interstate 70 into the city.^{[citation needed]}

Planning

As part of the planning for an east–west route through Baltimore, the alignment of the JFX underwent various modifications. Under the original plan for freeways in Baltimore, the 1962 Baltimore 10-D Interstate System, the JFX would have junctioned I-70N (which became I-70 in 1975) and I-95, which were planned to follow an east–west route through the southern edge of the CBD, near the southeastern edge of the CBD. The JFX would end at roughly the same location where it currently does. ^[4] As a result of community opposition to other portions of the 10-D System, the 1969 Baltimore 3-A Interstate and Boulevard System was adopted by the city. In this plan, the JFX would continue south along its present alignment, then turn east and pass through the Fells Point neighborhood on a 6-lane elevated viaduct, before continuing east along Boston Street to junction I-95 (which was also rerouted to its current alignment) north of the Fort McHenry Tunnel. In the mid-1970s, this plan was modified due to fears that the viaduct would result in destruction of the Fells Point area, which contains many historic properties. Under the modification, I-83 would continue south and descend into a 6-lane underwater tunnel beneath the Inner Harbor, then turn east under the Harbor, pass to the south of Fells Point, return to the surface in the Canton area and continue to I-95.^[5]

Under this plan, I-83 was expected to act mostly as a northerly spur to and from the CBD, and as an easterly spur to and from the CBD; through traffic was expected to be a small proportion of the total amount making use of the route. I-83's terminus at I-95 would have been a full 3-way freeway-to-freeway interchange, with a full complement of ramps provided for access to and from Boston Street and O'Donnell Street. ^[6] When construction began on I-95 through East Baltimore in the mid-1970s, a short six-lane section was built within the vicinity of the planned I-83 interchange. This was done in anticipation of I-83 connecting the CBD to I-95, the rest of which carries at least eight lanes of traffic throughout the city.

Truncation

Long-distance view of intersection of Fayette Street, President Street, and I-83

By 1963 the JFX was completed as far south as Guilford Avenue, and by the mid-1970s, was extended to Monument Street. By 1983 the route extended all the way to Pleasant St, with a dead-end bridge stub indicating plans to continue south along the 3-A alignment to I-95.

However, in September 1982 the segment of the JFX between Pleasant Street and I-95, a distance of 4.4 miles (7.1 km), was officially withdrawn from the Interstate Highway System. Robert Douglas, chief of the Interstate Division for Baltimore City (IDBC), stated at the time that the very high financial costs of the I-83 extension (estimated at $609 million in early 1980s dollars, and likely to reach $1 billion with inflation taken into account) led to the cancellation of the segment. As a result, the JFX was truncated at Fayette Street, ending at an at-grade intersection. ^[6]

To make up for the loss of the I-83 segment, the Jones Falls Boulevard project substantially rebuilt approximately 1/2 mile of President Street between I-83 and the downtown area to provide the capacity to absorb traffic to and from the Interstate; the project was completed by 1987. Other roadways in the canceled I-83 corridor also benefited from major reconstruction and rehabilitation. ^[6] The federal funding planned to be used for the I-83 extension was instead cross-transferred to other highway projects; routes that may have benefited include I-97, I-195, I-370, and the upgrade of John Hanson Highway to Interstate 595.

Future

As Congress worked toward reauthorization of the Surface Transportation Act, the Greater Lynchburg Chamber of Commerce and other groups in Virginia wanted Interstate 83 extended southward to provide bypasses for Charlottesville, Lynchburg, and Danville, and to link those cities to Greensboro, North Carolina. By June 1991, Robert LaLone, director of programs for the Lynchburg Chamber, admitted that an interstate was unlikely, but upgrading of U.S. Highway 29, with bypasses included, is more likely.^[7]

The possibility of extending I-83 (rather than I-99) north to Rochester, New York was discussed at the October 2002 I-99 Task Force meeting. However, part of the proposed route on US 11/15 has since been rebuilt as a four-lane surface road that does not meet Interstate standards.^[8] Expensive additional reconstruction, including new interchanges, service roads and realignments, would be necessary. The farthest north that I-83 could be extended currently would be Benvenue, Pennsylvania on a bridge over the Susquehanna River, where a recently built freeway section of US 22/US 322 (the Dauphin Bypass) downgrades to an undivided four-lane road.

In 2005, Walter Sondheim, a prominent Baltimore city planner unveiled a proposal to tear down the elevated portion of the JFX that leads into downtown. In the JFX's place, President Street would be extended north to Eager Street, where the elevated section ends. City officials have since offered tentative support for the idea, though it is unlikely that any action will be taken until about 2020, when the current elevated structure will need an overhaul if it is to remain in use. If the downtown JFX were demolished, Baltimore would join San Francisco, Boston and Milwaukee to become among the large American cities that have removed some of their downtown elevated freeways. On May 17, 2009, the Baltimore Sun revealed a plan by Rummel, Klepper & Kahl LLP, to tear down a mile of the Jones Falls Expressway to create an urban boulevard that would help connect downtown to the east side of the city, and Johns Hopkins.^{[citation needed]}

The I-83/PA 581 interchange is expected to see a partial reconstruction in the next several years. Currently, I-83 is reduced to one lane going northbound through the interchange, resulting in frequent traffic jams during peak travel times. It is planned to widen the northbound part of the highway, as well as reconfiguring several exits in the immediate area.^[9]

Exit list

County	Location	Mile [10][11][12]	km	Exit	Destinations	Notes
City of Baltimore		0.00	0.00	1	President Street south / Fayette Street	Southern terminus; at-grade intersection
		0.30	0.48	2	Pleasant Street	Southbound exit only
		0.90	1.45	3	Chase Street	Northbound exit only
		0.90	1.45		Guilford Avenue	Southbound exit only
		1.29	2.08	4	MD 2 south (St. Paul Street)	Southbound exit only
		1.51	2.43	5	Maryland Avenue	Southbound exit, northbound entrance
		1.85	2.98	6	US 1 / US 40 Truck (North Avenue)	No entrance from southbound US 1 to southbound I-83
		2.42	3.89	7	28th Street / Druid Lake Park Drive	Split into exits 7A (Druid Lake Park Drive) and 7B (28th Street) northbound
		3.02	4.86	8	MD 25 north (Falls Road)	Northbound exit, southbound entrance
		4.74	7.63	9	Cold Spring Lane	Split into exits 9A (east) and 9B (west)
		5.86	9.43	10	Northern Parkway	Split into exits 10A (east) and 10B (west)
Baltimore	Ruxton	8.97	14.44	12	Ruxton Road	Northbound exit, southbound entrance
	Brooklandville	9.74	15.68	23	I-695 west (Baltimore Beltway) / MD 25 (Falls Road) – Pikesville, Washington	No exit number northbound; signed as I-695 Exit 23 southbound; south end of concurrency with I-695; connector north to MD 25 is unsigned MD 25A
	Lutherville	11.26	18.12	24	I-695 east (Baltimore Beltway) – Towson, New York	No exit number southbound; signed as I-695 Exit 24 northbound; north end of concurrency with I-695
	Timonium	12.59	20.26	16	Timonium Road	Split into exits 16A (east) and 16B (west) northbound
		14.02	22.56	17	Padonia Road
	Cockeysville	15.44	24.85	18	Warren Road – Cockeysville	Northbound exit, southbound entrance; Warren Road is unsigned MD 943
		17.18	27.65	20	Shawan Road – Cockeysville	Split into exits 20A (east) and 20B (west)
	Sparks	20.97	33.75	24	Belfast Road – Butler, Sparks
	Hereford	24.26	39.04	27	MD 137 (Mt. Carmel Road) – Hereford
	Parkton	27.61	44.43	31	Middletown Road – Parkton
		29.63	47.68	33	MD 45 (York Road) – Parkton
	Maryland Line	33.22	53.46	36	MD 439 (Old York Road) – Maryland Line, Bel Air
		34.35	55.28	37	Freeland Road	Southbound exit, northbound entrance
Mason Dixon Line		34.50 0.000	55.52 0.000	Maryland–Pennsylvania state line
York	Shrewsbury Township	3.529	5.679	4	PA 851 (Forrest Avenue) – Shrewsbury
	Springfield Township	7.529	12.117	8	PA 216 (Seaks Run Road) – Glen Rock
		10.340	16.641	10	To PA 214 / North Avenue – Loganville
	Spring Garden Township	13.657	21.979	14	PA 182 (Leader Heights Road) – Leader Heights
		14.230	22.901	15	I-83 Bus. north (South George Street)	Directional T interchange
		15.497	24.940	16	PA 74 (Queen Street)	Split into exits 16A (south) and 16B (north)
		17.600	28.324	18	PA 124 (Mount Rose Avenue)
	Springettsbury Township	18.746	30.169	19	PA 462 (Market Street)	Split into exits 19A (east) and 19B (west) southbound
	Manchester Township	21.071	33.910	21	US 30 (Arsenal Road) – Lancaster, Gettysburg	Split into exits 21A (east) and 21B (west) northbound; no access from southbound I-83 to westbound US 30 or from eastbound US 30 to northbound I-83
		21.648	34.839	22	I-83 Bus. south / PA 181 (North George Street) to US 30 west
		23.716	38.167	24	PA 238 (Church Road) – Emigsville
		28.152	45.306	28	PA 295 (Susquehanna Trail) – Strinestown, Zions View
	Newberry Township	31.932	51.390	32	PA 382 (Old Trail Road) – Newberrytown
		33.374	53.710	33	PA 392 (Old Trail Road) – Yocumtown
	Fairview Township	33.874	54.515	34	Valley Green	Northbound exit and entrance
		34.991	56.313	35	PA 177 (Wyndamere Road) – Lewisberry
		35.904	57.782	36	PA 262 (Fishing Creek Road) – Fishing Creek
		37.893	60.983	38	Evergreen Road / Pleasant View Road – Reesers Summit
		38.775	62.402	39A	PA 114 (Lewisberry Road)
		39.055	62.853	39B	I-76 / Penna. Tpk. – Philadelphia, Pittsburgh	I-76 Exit 242 (Harrisburg West)
		39.246	63.160	40A	Limekiln Road
Cumberland	Lower Allen Township	40.499	65.177	40B	Carlisle Road – New Cumberland
	Lemoyne	41.193	66.294	41A	PA 581 west (American Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial Highway) – Camp Hill, Gettysburg	Trumpet interchange; I-83 uses trumpet ramps through interchange
		41.438	66.688	41B	Lowther Street – Highland Park	Northbound exit and entrance north of PA 581; southbound exit and entrance south of PA 581
		41.594	66.939	42	Lowther Avenue / 3rd Street north – Lemoyne	No southbound entrance
Susquehanna River		42.006– 42.636	67.602– 68.616	John Harris Bridge
Dauphin	Harrisburg	42.671	68.672	43	2nd Street – Capitol	Directional T interchange
		43.149	69.442	44A	PA 230 / 13th Street
		43.450	69.926	44B	17th Street	Southbound exit and entrance
		43.653	70.253	44B	19th Street	Northbound exit and entrance
		44.658	71.870	45	32nd Street to Paxton Street	Northbound exit and entrance
		45.512	73.244	45	Paxton Street	Southbound exit and entrance
	Swatara Township	45.927	73.912	46	I-283 south / US 322 east to I-76 / Penna. Tpk. – Airport, Lancaster, Hershey	Eisenhower Interchange; split into exits 46A (I-283) and 46B (US 322) northbound
		46.852	75.401	47	US 322 east (Paxton Street) / Derry Street – Hershey	Southbound exit, northbound entrance; south end of concurrency with US 322
	Lower Paxton Township	47.940	77.152	48	Union Deposit Road
		49.220	79.212	50	US 22 (Jonestown Road) – Colonial Park, Progress	Split into exits 50A (east) and 50B (west) northbound
		50.688	81.574	51	I-81 / US 322 west (American Legion Memorial Highway) to I-78 – Hazleton, Allentown, Carlisle, Lewistown	Northern terminus; split into exits 51A (south) and 51B (north) northbound; I-81 Exit 70
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Auxiliary routes

I-83 has only one spur route: Interstate 283, a connector to Interstate 76 and PA 283 southeast of Harrisburg.

Business routes

Business loop of York, Pennsylvania

Interstate 83 Business is a short Interstate business loop in York, Pennsylvania. Its northern terminus is at I-83 and Pennsylvania Route 181 north of York. Its southern terminus is at I-83, south of York. The road is known as George Street for much of its length.

I-83 Business is the only business route of I-83 and was the only Interstate business route in the entire state of Pennsylvania until 2009, when Pennsylvania Route 60 Business in Moon Township, near Pittsburgh, became signed as Interstate 376 Business^[13] when PA 60 became an extension of I-376.

The route was constructed in 1958 but signed in 1957. I-83 Business goes through downtown York on George Street, the main north–south artery of the city.

See also

• U.S. Roads portal
• Maryland Roads portal
• Pennsylvania portal

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Interstate 83.

• AARoads.com article on I-83
• I-83 @ MDRoads.com
• Interstate Guide - I-83
• Maryland Multiplexes - I-83/I-695 Duplex
• Pennsylvania Multiplexes - I-83/US 322 Duplex
• Steve Anderson's DCroads.net: Baltimore-Harrisburg Expressway (I-83)
• Steve Anderson's DCroads.net: Jones Falls Expressway (I-83)
• Roads to the Future: Baltimore Harbor Interstate Map
• Kelly, Jacques. "JFX is a long stretch of history," The Baltimore Sun, Saturday, February 7, 2009.

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