International organization
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the academic journal, see International Organization.
The headquarters of the International Committee of the Red Cross. Geneva (Switzerland) is the city that hosts the highest number of international organisations in the world.[1]
An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence. There are two main types:[2]
- International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs): non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that operate internationally. There are two types:
- International non-profit organizations. Examples include the World Organization of the Scout Movement, International Committee of the Red Cross and Médecins Sans Frontières.
- International corporations, referred to as multinational corporations. Examples include The Coca-Cola Company and Toyota.
- Intergovernmental organizations, also known as international governmental organizations (IGOs): the type of organization most closely associated with the term 'international organization', these are organizations that are made up primarily of sovereign states (referred to as member states). Notable examples include the United Nations (UN), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Council of Europe (CoE), European Union (EU; which is a prime example of a supranational organization), and World Trade Organization (WTO). The UN has used the term "intergovernmental organization" instead of "international organization" for clarity.[3]
The first and oldest intergovernmental organization is the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine, created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna.
Notes and references
- ↑ (French) François Modoux, "La Suisse engagera 300 millions pour rénover le Palais des Nations", Le Temps, Friday 28 June 2013, page 9.
- ↑ The Penguin Dictionary of International Relations divides modern international organizations into two "basic types, the 'public' variety known as intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and the 'private' variety, the international non-governmental organization (INGOs)." (Evans, Graham, and Richard Newnham. Penguin Dictionary of International Relations. Penguin, 1998, p. 270.)
- ↑ "Intergovernmental organizations having received a standing invitation to participate as observers in the sessions and the work of the General Assembly and maintaining permanent offices at Headquarters." United Nations Department of Public Information, United Nations Secretariat.
See also
External links
- Procedural history and related documents on the Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations in the Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.