International Textbook Company

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International Textbook Company
Industry Book publisher
Defunct 1969 (1969)
Headquarters Scranton, Pennsylvania, U.S.

The International Textbook Company I.T.C. was founded in 1895 by publisher Thomas J. Foster in Scranton, Pennsylvania.[1]
As its name implies the I.T.C. published instruction papers, booklets, and textbooks for its subsidiary department the International Correspondence Schools. The textbook company and the International Correspondence Schools were dependent on each other from the beginning.

The Correspondence School started in 1891 as a Question and Answer column in the pages of the mining journal titled "Colliery Engineer and Metal Miner" published by Mr Foster. This column was a response to the in depth tests required of miners and inspectors by the "New" Pennsylvania Mine Safety Act of 1885.[2]

The I.T.C. merged the Colliery Engineer School of Mines, School of Mines, Correspondence Schools, and the International Correspondence School as the International Correspondence Schools of Scranton, Pennsylvania, under the new International Textbook Company.[3]

Several Scranton correspondence schools had textbooks printed or published by I.T.C. as direct subsidiaries of the School The Institute of Business Science and as their own entities the Woman's Institute of Domestic Arts & Sciences.

Mr T.J. Foster's less than ethical business practices bankrupted the school and the book company. Philanthropic Scranton bankers and businessmen who saw the potential impact this school would have on their workforce and community reorganized it under receivership in 1905. Many men and women who didn't have the means for schooling past grade 8 in the first half of the 20th century can thank them for their vision. I.C.S. and other later schools such as The American School of Correspondence in Chicago, Illinois, provided a way to gain practical knowledge that could better their earning potential without quitting work for 3–4 years.

The books in The International Library of Technology were published by I.T.C. These books were bound volumes of the course materials for the more than 240 courses offered. These books were used and made available in at least 184 Colleges (Including The U.S. Military Academy at West Point and Cornell University) and at least 649 Public Libraries.[4]

Related

The International Correspondence Schools of Scranton, Pennsylvania, was a pioneer in Post Secondary distance education.[5] It was operated under that name from 1895 till bankruptcy in 1996. I.C.S. is in operation today as the Penn Foster Career School.
The American School of Correspondence in Chicago, Illinois, is still in operation today as a non-public secondary school.

Selected bibliography 

   * Volume # 1B   (1903,1942): Yarn, Cloth and Draft Calculations
   * Volume # 5B   (1921): Applied Mechanics, Strength of Materials, Machine Design
   * Volume # 6    (1905): Twisting, Winding, Reeling and Bailing
   * Volume # 7B   (1903,1941): Cotton Warp Preparation
   * Volume # 8C   (1905,1946): Plain and Dobby Cotton Weaving 
   * Volume # 9    (1905) fancy weaving and Cloth Rooms
   * Volume # 11D  (1922): Geometry and Mensuration Electric Wiring and Bellwork Design of Beams Design of Columns Design of Roof Trusses Design of Plate Girders
   * Volume # 15   (1940): Special Railroad Freight Services Part 1-2
   * Volume # 16   (1940): Freight Rate Making Eastern Territory
   * Volume # 17   (1940): Southern, Western, Southwestern Rates
   * Volume # 18   (1941): Electric Welding: Book 1
   * Volume # 24   (1901): Telegraphy
   * Volume # 26   (1943): Motor Freight Tariff Publications and Rates Parts 1-2
   * Volume # 40B  (1939, 1923): Modern Styles - Decorative Ornament
   * Volume # 41   (1928): Pen and Brush Lettering
   * Volume # 51   (1905): Materials, Beams, Girders, Columns, Graphic Analysis
   * Volume # 53   (1926): Auditing Practices
   * Volume # 54   (1922): Audit Procedures and Reports
   * Volume # 65   (1922): Production Organization
   * Volume # 66   (1922): Production Management and Costs
   * Volume # 76   (1906): Cotton, Pickers, Cotton Cards, Drawing Rolls, Railway Heads And Drawing Frames, Combers, Fly Frames.
   * Volume # 77   (1906): Ring Frames, Cotton Mules, Twisters, Spoolers, Beam Warpers, Slashers, Chain Warping.
   * Volume # 78   (1906): Yarns, Cloth Rooms, Mill Engineering, Reeling And Baling, Winding.
   * Volume # 80   (1921): Indexing and Filing
   * Volume #N94  (1930): Freight and its Transportation
   * Volume #N98  (1922): C.F.A. and Trunk Line Rates
   * Volume #N99  (1930): Southern, Coastwise, Western Trunk Line Rates
   * Volume #N100 (1931): Southwestern and Transcontinental Rates
   * Volume #N102 (1931): Tracing, Claims, Express, Parcel Post, Law
   * Volume #N104B(1932): Traffic Control-Truck and Airplane Traffic
   * Volume # 107  (1909): Reinforced Concrete Design and Practice, Specifications, Failures
   * Volume # 108  (1909): Cements, Concrete, Stone, Brick, Foundations
   * Volume # 109  (1909): Mechanics, Soils, Masonry, Retaining Walls, Arches
   * Volume # 114  (1942): Automobile Electric Starting Mechanism
   * Volume # 121B (1931, 1936 & 1935): Automobiles and Automobile Engines
   * Volume # 122D (1937): Automobile Carburation and Fuels
   * Volume # 123  (1939): Automobile Electric Ignition
   * Volume # 124C (1931 & 1942): Automobile Universal Joints - Steering Gears
   * Volume # 125C (1941): Automobile Friction Clutches
   * Volume # 126C (1935, 1927; 1937): Automobile Bearings and Lubrication 
   * Volume # 126D (1937 & 1941): Automobile Lubrication - Cooling Equipment
   * Volume # 127C (1930 & 1937): Automobile Tires and Horns
   * Volume # 128D (1925 & 1938): Elements of Electric Ignition
   * Volume # 129  (1942): Ford Electric Equipment
   * Volume # 130D (1933, 1938 & 1940): Starting and Lighting - Lighting Devices
   * Volume # 131C (1930 & 1936): Automobile Electric Equipment - I
   * Volume # 132B (1930, 1935, 1936 & 1938): Automobile Electric Equipment - II
   * Volume # 133  (1949): Automobile Spray Painting
   * Volume # 134B (1930): Repair of Automobile Electric Equipment
   * Volume # 135  (1923, 1924 & 1936): Armature and Field-Coil Rewinding
   * Volume # 137  (1916): Design of direct-current machines; Design of transformers; Design of alternating-current machines
   * Volume # 138  (1923): Storage-Battery Equipment - Troubles
   * Volume # 138B (1940 & 1941): Storage-Battery Testing and Charging
   * Volume # 139  (1940): Automobile-Engine Tune-Up
   * Volume # 140C (1935): Overhauling of Cylinders and Cylinder Blocks
   * Volume # 141D (1929, 1935 & 1938): Automobile Valve Repair and Bench Work
   * Volume # 142  (1941): Automobile Generators and Regulators
   * Volume # 143C (1934 & 1938): Engine Troubles - Bearings and Shafts
   * Volume # 144E (1932, 1935, 1937 & 1940) Automotive Chassis Servicing
   * Volume # 145  (1915, 1921, 1923, 1930, 1934, 1936): Trigonometry Slide Rule Mechanics
   * Volume # 146  (1939): Electricity and Magnetism
   * Volume # 146B (1930, 1934): Electricity and Magnetism (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 146C (1943): Electrical Units, Electrostatics, Magnetism
   * Volume # 147B (1930, 1935): D.C. Motors and Generators
   * Volume # 148B (1930, 1935): Alternating Currents (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 148C (1942): Alternating Currents
   * Volume # 149C (1937): Transformers (Parts 1-3)
   * Volume # 150C (1930, 1936, 1937): Rectifiers-Converters Motor Applications
   * Volume #N151  (1931, 1936): Electrical Measuring Instruments
   * Volume #N152  (1930, 1936): Electric Illumination
   * Volume # 152D (1942, 1946): Electric Illumination
   * Volume # 153D (1939, 1944): Electric Heating
   * Volume #N155D (1930, 1936): Switch Gear and Voltage Regulation
   * Volume # 157C (1931, 1935, 1937): Operation of Electrical Machinery - Tests
   * Volume # 159C (1936, 1947, 1949): Fractional-Horsepower Motors
   * Volume # 160B (1948): Science and Art of Illumination
   * Volume # 163  (1917) : Geometrical Drawing (Parts 1 and 2)
   * Volume # 163E (1942, 1944)        : Geometrical Drawing - Elements of Projection Drawing, Drawings for Welded Parts
   * Volume # 164  (1941): AC Machines, Transformers, Rectifiers
   * Volume # 168  (1931): Sound-Picture Recording and Projection
   * Volume #N169  (1928, 1929): Radio Fundamentals
   * Volume #N170  (1929, 1930): Radio Tubes and Antennas
   * Volume # 170E (1937): Amplifiers and Oscillators
   * Volume # 171  (1921): Drawing
   * Volume #N171  (1929, 1930): Audio Amplifiers
   * Volume #N172  (1930): Radio Amplifiers
   * Volume #N173  (1930): Radio Receivers and Servicing
   * Volume #N174  (1921): Generation of Electromotive Force
   * Volume # 175C (1928 & 1939): Measuring Instruments
   * Volume # 175D (1928 & 1947): Measuring Instruments
   * Volume # 176  (1927): Drilling Machines and Practice
   * Volume # 177B (1926, 1934, 1935, 1936): Lathe Work I
   * Volume # 177C (1926, 1942 & 1943): Lathe Work I
   * Volume # 178B (1926 & 1932): Lathe Work II
   * Volume # 178C (1926 & 1942): Lathe Work II
   * Volume # 179C (1943 & 1944): Lathe Work III
   * Volume # 180  (1927): Planers and Planer Practice
   * Volume # 181C (1927 & 1943): Shapers, Slotters, and Boring Mills
   * Volume # 182  (1927 & 1944): Milling Machines and Equipment
   * Volume # 183  (1927 & 1942): Milling Machine Practice and Work
   * Volume # 184  (1927, 1933, 1934): Grinding Equipment and Practice
   * Volume # 184C (1941 & 1942): Grinding Equipment and Practice
   * Volume # 185  (1914, 1928, 1934): Gear Calculations and Cutting
   * Volume # 185B (1928 & 1942): Gear Calculations and Making
   * Volume # 186  (1927,1933, 1934): Bench Work (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 186B (1946 & 1947): Bench Work
   * Volume # 187  (1915 & 1928): Erecting
   * Volume # 189C (1935): Toolmaking (Parts 1-3)
   * Volume # 190C (1915, 1936): Gauges, Jigs, & Fixtures
   * Volume # 191C (1936): Dies and Die Making (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 193  (1941,1934,1928, (parts 1-3) 
   * Volume # 204C (1927, 1935): Malleable Casting (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 205C (1935, 1936 & 1940): Shop Equipment - Hand Forging - Tool Dressing
   * Volume # 206B (1915, 1936): Tempering and Heat Treatment of Steel
   * Volume # 206C (1915, 1940 & 1947): Tempering and Heat Treatment of Steel
   * Volume #N208  (1929): Machine Sketching
   * Volume # 209B (1927, 1932): Elements of Blueprint Reading
   * Volume # 211C (1940, 1942): Chemistry, And Materials Of Construction.
   * Volume # 212  (1927, 1933): Mechanical Drawing
   * Volume # 213  (1928): Advanced Mechanical Drawing - I
   * Volume # 214  (1904, 1918, 1928): Advanced Mechanical Drawing - Sketching - II
   * Volume # 214B (1928): Advanced Mechanical Drawing - II
   * Volume # 215B (1930): Elementary Mechanics (Parts 1, 2, 3, & 4)
   * Volume # 219  (1939): Steam Engines and Valve Gears
   * Volume # 220C (1927, 1931, 1933): Steam-Turbine Calculations
   * Volume # 221B (1929, 1936): Mechanics of Steam Engines - Governors
   * Volume # 222B (1931, 1930, 1929, 1906): Gearing-Cams, Pulleys and Belting
   * Volume # 222D (1930, 1931, 1941, 1943, 1944): Gearing-Cams, Pulleys and Belting
   * Volume # 223B (1930): Strength of Materials Part 1 & 2, Testing of Materials
   * Volume # 223C (1944): Strength of Materials (Parts 1-2-3)
   * Volume # 224B (1933): Machine Design - I   (Parts 1 & 2)
   * Volume # 225B (1933): Machine Design - II  (Parts 3 & 4)
   * Volume # 226B (1933): Machine Design - III (Parts 5 & 6)
   * Volume # 228B (1933): Steam Boilers and Boiler Mountings
   * Volume # 230B (1930): Boiler Furnaces and Chimneys 
   * Volume # 230  (1933): Oil and Gas Burning Under Boilers
   * Volume # 232C (1926): Strength of Materials-Riveted Joints
   * Volume # 235  (1917, 1920, 1921, 1930): Formulas, Cube Root, Logarithms
   * Volume # 235b (1925 & 1921, 1920, 1938): Formulas, Cube Root, Logarithms. 
   * Volume # 236  (1923):Geometry And Mensuration.
   * Volume # 237  (1902, 1921, 1929): Geometry and Trigonometry
   * Volume # 238B (1934, 1935): Elementary Architectural Drawing
   * Volume # 239  (1922, 1923): Architectural Drawing
   * Volume # 240B (1903, 1951): Perspective and Freehand Drawing
   * Volume # 244  (1919, 1930): Preliminaries-Excavating-Piling-Mortars
   * Volume # 245  (1937): Building Stone-Foundations-Masonry
   * Volume # 246C (1938): Plastering And Architectural Terra Cotta
   * Volume # 247b (1940): Concrete Construction
   * Volume # 248B (1930): Plain And Fancy Brickwork
   * Volume # 249  (1936): Hollow Tile And Fireproofing
   * Volume # 249B (1919, 1943): Building-Unit Construction and Fireproofing
   * Volume # 253  (1937): Painting and Wood Finishing
   * Volume #N255  (1939): The Slide Rule
   * Volume # 256B (1939): Roofing And Sheet-Metal Work
   * Volume # 257B (1931): Ornamental Metal Work
   * Volume # 266C (1939): Builders' Hardware
   * Volume # 267  (1924, 1930): Specification Writing
   * Volume # 268  (1948, 1951): Specification Writing Memoranda
   * Volume # 269B (1936): Estimating Building Costs
   * Volume # 271B (1939): Contracts For Building Operations
   * Volume # 273  (1907): Design Of Roof Trusses And Mill Buildings
   * Volume # 275b (1924): Civil Service Spelling, Penmanship, Reading Addresses, Civil Service Letter Writing, Geography, Double-Entry Bookkeeping, Journalizing and Business Statements, Copying and Correcting Manuscript
   * Volume # 276  (1929): Millwork
   * Volume # 289  (1945): Elements of Structural-Steel Drawings (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 289B (1924, 1925, 1931, 1935): Elements of Structural Drawing (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 290  (1925): Elements Of Timber and Concrete Drawings
   * Volume # 291  (1933, 1938): Elements of Algebra (Parts 1, 2, 3, and 4)
   * Volume # 291B (1945): Elements of Algebras (Parts 1, 2, 3, and 4)
   * Volume # 293  (1906): Beams and Girders
   * Volume # 295  (1922, 1924): Concrete Construction
   * Volume # 295D (1924, 1928, 1931, 1933, 1934, 1936): Plain- And Reinforced- Concrete Construction
   * Volume # 298  (1923): General Properties of Materials, Highways, Agreements and Specifications
   * Volume # 318  (1905, 1906, 1917, 1930 & 1931): Geometry and Logarithms
   * Volume # 318B (1905, 1906, 1938): Geometry and Logarithms
   * Volume # 319C (1941): Plain Trigonometry (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 325  (1936): Elements of Statistics
   * Volume # 326  (1937): Kinematics--Hydrostatics--Pneumatics 
   * Volume # 326B (1906): Kinematics Pneumatics
   * Volume # 328  (1906): Foundations, Parts 1 & 2
   * Volume # 329  (1928, 1929): Earthwork and Retaining Walls
   * Volume # 331  (1907, 1936): Culverts and Tunnels
   * Volume # 333C (1934, 1939): Highway Location, Design, and Estimates
   * Volume # 334  (1907): Graphic Statics, Bridge Trusses
   * Volume # 334C (1934, 1935, 1939):Highway Subgrades and Low-Cost Roads
   * Volume # 336  (1907): Truss and Wooden Bridges, Trusses, Piers, Drawings
   * Volume # 338  (1907): Bridge Drawing and Specifications
   * Volume # 347B (1930): Water Turbines (Parts 1-3)
   * Volume # 348  (1921, 1927, 1929, 1934): Mechanical Principles
   * Volume # 348B (1943, 1943): Elements of Mechanics (Part 1 & 2, Fluid Mechanics)
   * Volume # 349C (1931, 1934, 1935): Combustion Engine, Fuels, and Heat
   * Volume # 349D (1945, 1935, 1946): Combustion Engine, Fuels, and Heat
   * Volume # 349F (1932): Heat, Fuels, and Gas Engines
   * Volume # 351B (1935): Stationary Diesel Engines (Parts 1 & 2)
   * Volume # 352C (1921, 1930, 1937): Marine Gas and Diesel Engines (Parts 1 & 2)
   * Volume # 353C (1945, 1942, 1938): Aviation Engines - I (Parts 1-3)
   * Volume # 354E (1941 & 1938, 1940, 1943): Aviation Engines - II (Parts 1-3)
   * Volume # 355C (1943, 1940, 1942 & 1940): Aviation Engines - III (Parts 1-3)
   * Volume # 356  (1924): The Steam Engine
   * Volume # 356B (1935): Diesel Engine Details and Management
   * Volume # 357  (1924): Steam Boilers; Settings, Trials, and Design
   * Volume # 357B (1935): High-Speed Diesel Engines (Parts 1 & 2)
   * Volume # 358B (1935, 1938): Electric Ignition and Starting
   * Volume # 359C (1935): Gas, Diesel Engine Auxiliaries - Testing
   * Volume # 363  (1913): Gasoline Automobiles, Engines, Auxiliaries
   * Volume # 364  (1916): Electric Ignition
   * Volume # 365  (1924): Automobile Transmission, Mechanism, Lubrication, Tires
   * Volume # 366  (1944): Basic Inorganic, Basic Organic Chemistry
   * Volume # 367  (1924): Automobile Electric Starting and Lighting
   * Volume # 375  (1926, 1930, 1936): Qualitative Analysis (Parts 1-4)
   * Volume # 376  (1905, 1930): Quantitative Analysis - Book I (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 377  (1905, 1930, 1935): Quantitative Analysis - Book II (Parts 3-4)
   * Volume # 378  (1899, 1905, 1936): Quantitative Analysis - Book III (Parts 5-7)
   * Volume # 379  (1905, 1930): Quantitative Analysis - Book IV (Parts 8-9)
   * Volume # 383  (1943): Elements of Structural Design-II (Parts 3-4)
   * Volume # 394  (1925): Sciences Pertaining to Mechanics
   * Volume # 395  (1925): Steam, Steam Engines and Turbines 
   * Volume # 416b (1937): Heat and Steam Generation
   * Volume # 420B (1934): Exhaust and Vacuum Heating Systems
   * Volume # 455B (1931): Heat and Steam
   * Volume # 461B (1936): Steam Turbines and Condensers 
   * Volume # 464B (1940, 1941): Developments and Laying-Out Problems
   * Volume # 470C (1943): Sheet Metal Drafting II
   * Volume # 471  (1936): Pulverized-Coal Burning
   * Volume # 502B (1934): The Steam Locomotive
   * Volume # 516B (1932): Air-Brake Troubles, Brake Rigging
   * Volume # 518N (1949, 1942): Brake Equipments for High-Speed Trains
   * Volume # 531B (1937): Fundamentals of Advertising
   * Volume # 533B (1938): Writing of Copy
   * Volume # 534B (1936): Fundamentals of Type
   * Volume # 535  (1935): Engraving and Printing Methods (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 537B (1936, 1937): Mail-Order and Trade-Paper Advertising
   * Volume # 538B (1929, 1934, 1936): Advertising Law and Management
   * Volume # 539B (1936): Advertising Display (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 540B (1937): Advertisement Illustration (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 541B (1937): Retail Advertising (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 542B (1937): Department-Store Advertising (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 544B (1937): Direct Advertising, House Publications
   * Volume # 545B (1937): Management of General Campaigns (Parts 1-3)
   * Volume # 546B (1937, 1938): Advertising Layouts and Mediums
   * Volume # 547B (1918, 1929, 1935, 1937): Advertising Fields and Agencies
   * Volume # 548E (1948, 1949): Electrical Measuring Devices
   * Volume # 549D (1947, 1948, 1949, 1951): Practical Electrical Wiring
   * Volume # 550C (1942): D.C. Armature and Field-Coil Repair
   * Volume # 551C (1941, 1948): A-C Motor Repair and Rewinding
   * Volume # 552  (1929, 1934, 1937): Storage Batteries (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 552B (1939): Storage Batteries
   * Volume # 553  (1921, 1925, 1929, 1930): Radio Transmitters
   * Volume # 555C (1937, 1938): Alternators and A.C. Motors
   * Volume #N562  (1934, 1935): Relays and Electromagnets
   * Volume # 563  (1936): Steam-Electric Power Stations (Parts 1-2)
   * Volume # 565B (1931, 1937): Fundamentals of Window Display
   * Volume # 567  (1940): Airplane Drafting 1-3
   * Volume # 572C (1939): Automobile Transmissions
   * Volume # 576  (1935): Hydroelectric Power Stations
   * Volume # 577B (1939): Watthour Meters (Parts 1-3)
   * Volume # 597  (1934, 1938): Lubrication - Cooling Troubles and Remedies
   * Volume # 602  (1937): Farm Wiring for Light and Power
   * Volume # 603  (1937): Theory of Industrial Electronic Tubes

References

  1. ↑ The World's Work By Walter Hines Page, Arthur Wilson Page pp. 319-320
  2. ↑ http://academic.scranton.edu/department/wml/icsfinding.htm
  3. ↑ http://academic.scranton.edu/department/wml/icsfinding.htm
  4. ↑ History of Scranton and Its People By Frederick Lyman Hitchcock, John Phillips Downs pp.353-357(Excerpt from Scranton Teaches the World by William F Gibbons)
  5. ↑ History of Scranton and Its People By Frederick Lyman Hitchcock, John Phillips Downs pp.353-357 (Excerpt from Scranton Teaches the World by William F Gibbons)
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