India–Pakistan cricket rivalry

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Pakistan vs India
Teams involved India India
Pakistan Pakistan
First contested 16–19 October 1952 (Test)
1 October 1978 (ODI)
14 September 2007 (T20I)
Number of meetings Tests: 59
ODIs: 124
T20Is: 5
Most wins Tests:Pakistan Pakistan (12)
ODIs:Pakistan Pakistan (71)
T20Is:India India (4)
Most recent meeting 2013 ICC Champions Trophy
India beat Pakistan by 8 wickets (D/L Method)
15 June 2013
Edgbaston, Birmingham
Next meeting TBA

The IndiaPakistan cricket rivalry is one of the most intense sports rivalries in the world.[1][2] An India-Pakistan cricket match has been estimated to attract up to three hundred million television viewers according to TV ratings firm Initiative. The 2011 World Cup Semifinal attracted around 1.5 billion TV viewers, the largest television event of the year.

The arch-rival relations between the two nations, resulting from the extensive communal violence and conflict that marked the partition of India into India and Pakistan in 1947 and the subsequent Kashmir conflict, laid the foundations for the emergence of an intense sporting rivalry between the two nations who had erstwhile shared a common cricketing heritage. The first Test series took place in 1951-52, when Pakistan toured India. India toured Pakistan for the first time in 1954-55. Between 1962–77, no cricket was played between the two countries owing to two major wars in 1965 and 1971. The 1999 Kargil War and the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks have also interrupted cricketing ties between the two nations.

The growth of large expatriate populations from India and Pakistan across the world led to neutral states like the United Arab Emirates and Canada hosting several bilateral and multi-lateral ODI series involving the two teams. Players in both teams routinely face intense pressure to win, and are threatened by extreme reactions in defeat. Extreme fan reactions to defeats in key matches such as in the ICC Cricket World Cup have been recorded, with a limited degree of violence and public disturbances. At the same time, India-Pakistan cricket matches have also offered opportunities for cricket diplomacy as a means to improve relations between the two countries by allowing heads of state to exchange visits and cricket followers from either country to travel to the other to watch the matches.

History

The partition of India in 1947 that led to the creation of the independent state of Pakistan was characterised by intense and bloody conflict between Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs that left one million people dead. An estimated ten million people migrated to the nation of their choice. The bloody legacy of the partition and the subsequent emergence of territorial disputes and wars being fought over them have all added to the growth of intense rivalries in field hockey, association football but especially in cricket, which had been developed during British colonial rule. Many of the players in the first post-independence teams of India and Pakistan had played together as team-mates in regional and local tournaments.

Pakistan became a permanent member of the International Cricket Council in 1948, and their tour of India was their first in Test cricket history. They lost the first Test in Delhi to India, but won the second Test in Lucknow, which led to an angry reaction from the home crowd against the Indian players. India clinched the Test series after winning the third Test in Bombay, but the intense pressure affected the players of both teams to the point that they pursued mainly defensive tactics that led to drawn matches and whole series without a victor. When India toured Pakistan in 1955, thousands of Indian fans were granted visas to go to the Pakistani city of Lahore to watch the Test match. But both the 1955 series and Pakistan's tour of India in 1961 ended in a drawn series with no test yielding a winner or loser. Complaints about the fairness of umpires also became routine. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and subsequent Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 put a hold on India-Pakistan cricket that lasted till 1978, when India toured Pakistan and cricket resumed for a brief period. In the post-1971 period, politics became a direct factor in the holding of cricketing events. India has suspended cricketing ties with Pakistan several times following terrorist attacks or other hostilities. The resumption of cricketing ties in 1978 came with the emergence of heads of government in both India and Pakistan who were not directly connected with the 1971 war and coincided with their formal initiatives to normalize bilateral relations. Shortly after a period of belligerency during the Operation Brasstacks war games, Pakistani president Zia-ul-Haq was invited to watch the India-Pakistan test match being played in the Indian city of Jaipur. This form of cricket diplomacy has occurred several times afterwards as well. Pakistan toured India in 1979, but an Indian tour of Pakistan in 1984 was cancelled mid-way due to the assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. In the late 1980s and for most of the 1990s, India and Pakistan squared-off on neutral venues such as Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates and in Toronto, Canada, where large audiences of expatriates regularly watched them play. The series between the teams in Canada in the 1990s and early 2000s were officially known as the "Friendship Cup".[3] The rise of multinational competitions such as the Cricket World Cup, ICC World Twenty20 the Austral-Asia Cup and the Asia Cup led to more regular albeit briefer contests.

In 1999, immediately following Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's historic visit to Pakistan, the Pakistani team toured India for Test matches and played in an ODI competition before the Kargil War again put bilateral relations in deep freeze. Prime Minister Vajpayee's peace initiative of 2003 led to India touring Pakistan after a gap of almost 15 years. Subsequent exchange tours were held in 2005 and 2006 before the 2008 Mumbai attacks led to the suspension of India's planned tour of Pakistan in 2009 and all future engagements in Pakistan. India was scheduled to begin the tour of Pakistan from 13 January to 19 February 2009, but was cancelled because of the tension existing between the two countries after the terrorist attacks in Mumbai.[4]

The rise of domestic terrorism led to Pakistan not hosting international cricket since the Sri Lankan team was attacked in 2009, and Pakistan was stripped of its co-host status for the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011. India and Pakistan qualified for the first semi-final in Chandigarh, India, and the Indian government invited the Pakistani prime minister Yousuf Raza Gilani to watch the match along with his Indian counterpart, Dr. Manmohan Singh. Bilateral ties finally resumed when BCCI invited the Pakistan national team to tour India for 3 ODIs and 2 T20s in December 2012. The three ODIs were held in New Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai with Ahmedabad and Bangalore hosted two Twenty20 fixtures.[5]

Matches

An India versus Pakistan match at the Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium in Abu Dhabi

The first ever test match between India and Pakistan was played at Delhi from 16–19 October 1952. It was a four day test, India required just three days to beat Pakistan by an innings and 70 runs. India won the 5-match series 2–1 and then, the following 10 tests were draws. Pakistan's first series win against India came after 26 years, in the 1978–79 series.

Pakistan leads India in the number of wins in Tests (12–9) and One Day Internationals (71–50).[6] While India leads Pakistan in T20s (4-1).

India has won all 8 World Cup matches against Pakistan whenever the two have encountered. The two teams have their next World Cup encounter during the ICC T20 World Cup in March 2014.[6][7]

Head-to-head statistics

Overall

Tests[8] ODIs[9] T20Is[10]
Matches played 59 125 5
Won by Pakistan 1271 1
Won by India 9 50 4
Draw/Tie/No result 38 4 0
As of June 15, 2013.

Major Tournaments Won

Main Championship Titles India Pakistan
ICC Cricket World Cup 2 1
ICC World Twenty20 1 1
ICC Champions Trophy 2 0
Asia Cup 5 2

Defunct Tournaments Won

Main Championship Titles India Pakistan
World Championship of Cricket 1 0
Austral-Asia Cup 0 3
Asian Test Championship 0 1
Commonwealth Games 0 0
Asian Games 0 0

World Cup matches

India has won all the limited overs World Cup matches played between India and Pakistan, leading the tally 8-0. Their league match in the 2007 World Twenty20 was a tie, however India won the bowlout eliminator (3-0). The two countries played their first World Cup match against each other on 4 March 1992 at Sydney while their most recent encounter was on 30 September 2012 at Colombo.

ICC World Cup

Year Stage Date Venue Toss 1st Innings 2nd Innings Winner Man of the Match Scorecard
1992 Round Robin 4 March Sydney  India Bat  India 216/6 (49)  Pakistan 173/10 (48.1)  India Sachin Tendulkar Scorecard
1996 Quarter Final 9 March Bangalore  India Bat  India 287/8 (50)  Pakistan 248/9 (49)  India Navjot Singh Sidhu Scorecard
1999 Super 6 8 June Manchester  India Bat  India 227/6 (50)  Pakistan 180 (45.3)  India Venkatesh Prasad Scorecard
2003 Pool 1 March Centurion  Pakistan Bat  Pakistan 273/7 (50)  India 276/4 (45.4)  India Sachin Tendulkar Scorecard
2011 Semi Final 30 March Mohali  India Bat  India 260/9 (50)  Pakistan 231 (49.5)  India Sachin Tendulkar Scorecard

ICC World Twenty20

Year Stage Date Venue Toss 1st Innings 2nd Innings Winner Man of the Match Scorecard
2007 Group 14 September Durban  Pakistan Bowl  India 141/9 (20)  Pakistan 141/7 (20)  India Mohammad Asif Scorecard
2007 Final 24 September Johanessburg  India Bat  India 157/5 (20)  Pakistan 152 (19.5)  India Irfan Pathan Scorecard
2012 Super 8 30 September Colombo  Pakistan Bat  Pakistan 128 (19.4)  India 129/2 (17)  India Virat Kohli Scorecard

List of test series

Series Years Host First match Tests IND PAK Drawn/No Result Winner
1 1952–53 India 16 October 1952 5 2 1 2 India
2 1954–55 Pakistan 1 January 1955 5 0 0 5 Drawn
3 1960–61 India 2 December 1960 5 0 0 5 Drawn
4 1978–79 Pakistan 16 October 1978 3 0 2 1 Pakistan
5 1979–80 India 21 November 1979 6 2 0 4 India
6 1982–83 Pakistan 10 December 1982 6 0 3 3 Pakistan
7 1983–84 India 14 September 1983 3 0 0 3 Drawn
8 1984–85 Pakistan 17 October 1984 2 0 0 2 Drawn
9 1986–87 India 3 February 1987 5 0 1 4 Pakistan
10 1989–90 Pakistan 15 November 1989 4 0 0 4 Drawn
11 1998–99 India 28 January 1999 2 1 1 0 Drawn
12 2003–04 Pakistan 28 March 2004 3 2 1 0 India
13 2004–05 India 8 March 2005 3 1 1 1 Draw
14 2005–06 Pakistan 13 January 2006 3 0 1 2 Pakistan
15 2007–08 India 22 November 2007 3 1 0 2 India
Total India: 8

Pakistan: 7

58 9 11 38 India: 4

Pakistan: 4
Draw: 7

Test records

Team

Most runs in an innings
Runs Team Venue Season
700-5  Pakistan Gaddafi Stadium 1989/90
679-7 d  Pakistan Gaddafi Stadium 2005/06
675-5 d  India Multan Cricket Stadium 2003/04
674-6  Pakistan Iqbal Stadium 1984/85
652  Pakistan Iqbal Stadium 1982/83

Last updated: 27 November 2011[11]

Fewest runs in a completed innings
Runs Team Venue Season
106  India University Ground 1952/53
116  Pakistan M. Chinnaswamy Stadium 1986/87
126  India Feroz Shah Kotla 1979/80
145  India M. Chinnaswamy Stadium 1986/87
 India National Stadium, Karachi 1954/55

Last updated: 27 November 2011[12]

Greatest win margins (by innings)
Margin Winning team Venue Season
Innings and 131 runs  India Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium 2003/04
Innings and 119 runs  Pakistan Niaz Stadium 1982/83
Innings and 86 runs  Pakistan National Stadium, Karachi 1982/83
Innings and 70 runs  India Feroz Shah Kotla 1952/53
Innings and 52 runs  India Multan Cricket Stadium 2003/04

Last updated: 27 November 2011[13]

Greatest win margins (by runs)
Margin Teams Venue Season
341 runs  Pakistan National Stadium, Karachi 2005/06
212 runs  India Feroz Shah Kotla 1998/99
195 runs  India Eden Gardens 2004/05
168 runs  Pakistan M. Chinnaswamy Stadium 2004–05
131 runs  India Wankhede Stadium 1979/80

Last updated: 27 November 2011[13]

Smallest victories
  • Pakistan – Pakistan beat India by 12 runs at MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai on 28–31 January 1999.
  • India – India beat Pakistan by 131 runs at Mumbai on 16–20 December 1979.
Most extras conceded in an innings
  • Pakistan – 76 extras at Bangalore on 8–12 December 2007.
  • India – 55 extras at Faisalabad on 23–28 November 1989.

Individual

Highest score in an innings
Best bowling figures in an innings
Best bowling figures in a match
Most runs conceded in an innings
Highest wicket taker in India vs Pakistan matches

List of ODI Series

Bilateral series

Series Years Host First match ODIs IND PAK Tie/No Result Winner
1 1978–79 Pakistan 1 October 1978 3 1 2 0 Pakistan
2 1982–83 Pakistan 3 December 1982 4 1 3 0 Pakistan
3 1983–84 India 10 September 1983 2 2 0 0 India
4 1984–85 Pakistan 12 October 1984 2 1 0 1 India
5 1986–87 India 27 January 1987 6 1 5 0 Pakistan
6 1989–90 Pakistan 16 December 1989 3 0 2 1 Pakistan
7 1996 Canada 16 September 1996 5 2 3 0 Pakistan
8 1997 Canada 13 September 1997 5 4 1 0 India
9 1997–98 Pakistan 28 September 1997 3 1 2 0 Pakistan
10 1998 Canada 12 September 1998 5 1 4 0 Pakistan
11 2003–04 Pakistan 13 March 2004 5 3 2 0 India
12 2004–05 India 13 November 2004 1 0 1 0 Pakistan
13 2004–05 India 2 April 2005 6 2 4 0 Pakistan
14 2005–06 Pakistan 6 February 2006 5 4 1 0 India
15 2005–06 UAE 18 April 2006 2 1 1 0 Drawn
16 2007–08 India 5 November 2007 5 3 2 0 India
17 2012–13 India 25 December 2012 3 1 2 0 Pakistan
Total India: 6

Pakistan: 7
Canada: 3
UAE: 1

65 28 35 2 India: 6

Pakistan: 10
Draw: 1

Series involving other teams

The table contains details and results only of matches played between India and Pakistan in the respective series(excluding World Cup & Asia Cup) and not matches with other teams involved in the series.

S.No. Series/Tournament Host Other Teams First Match ODIs IND PAK Tie/No Result Series Winner
1 Rothmans Four-Nations Cup 1984–85 UAE Australia, England 22 March 1985 1 1 0 0 India
2 World Championship of Cricket 1984–85 Australia Australia, England, New Zealand, Sri Lanka and West Indies 12 October 1984 2 2 0 0 India
3 Rothmans Sharjah Cup 1985–86 UAE West Indies 17 November 1985 1 0 1 0 West Indies
4 Austral-Asia Cup 1986 UAE Australia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka 18 April 1986 1 0 1 0 Pakistan
5 Champions Trophy 1986–87 UAE Sri Lanka, West Indies 5 December 1986 1 0 1 0 West Indies
6 Sharjah Cup 1986–87 UAE Australia, England 10 April 1987 1 0 1 0 England
7 Champions Trophy 1988–89 UAE West Indies 19 October 1988 1 0 1 0 West Indies
8 Champions Trophy 1989–90 UAE West Indies 15 October 1989 2 0 2 0 Pakistan
9 Nehru Cup 1989–90 India Australia, England, Sri Lanka, West Indies 28 October 1989 1 0 1 0 Pakistan
10 Austral-Asia Cup 1990 UAE Australia, Bangladesh, New Zealand, Sri Lanka 27 April 1990 1 0 1 0 Pakistan
11 Wills Trophy 1991–92 UAE West Indies 18 October 1991 3 1 2 0 Pakistan
12 Austral-Asia Cup 1994 UAE Australia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, UAE 15 April 1994 2 0 2 0 Pakistan
13 Singer World Series 1994 Sri Lanka Australia, Sri Lanka 15 April 1994 1 0 0 0 India
14 Singer Cup 1995–96 Singapore Sri Lanka 5 April 1996 1 0 1 0 Pakistan
15 1996 Pepsi Sharjah Cup UAE South Africa 12 April 1996 2 1 1 0 South Africa
16 Pepsi Independence Cup 1997 India New Zealand, Sri Lanka 21 May 1997 1 0 1 0 Sri Lanka
17 Champions Trophy 1997–98 UAE England, West Indies 14 December 1997 1 0 1 0 England
18 Silver Jubilee Independence Cup 1997–98 Bangladesh Bangladesh 11 January 1998 4 3 1 0 India
19 Pepsi Cup 1998–99 India Sri Lanka 24 March 1999 3 0 3 0 Pakistan
20 Coca-Cola Cup 1998–99 UAE England 8 April 1999 3 1 2 0 Pakistan
21 Carlton & United Series 1999-00 Australia Australia 10 January 2000 4 1 3 0 Australia
22 Coca-Cola Cup 1999-00 UAE South Africa 23 March 2000 2 1 1 0 Pakistan
23 Kitply Cup 2008 Bangladesh Bangladesh 10 June 2008 2 1 1 0 Pakistan
24 ICC Champions Trophy 2009 South Africa Australia, England, New Zealand, South Africa, Sri Lanka, West Indies 26 September 2009 1 0 1 0 Australia
25 ICC Champions Trophy 2013 England Australia, England, New Zealand, South Africa, Sri Lanka, West Indies 15 June 2013 1 1 0 0 India

ODI records

Highest innings totals
Rank Score Team Venue Date
1 356–9 (50 overs)  India ACA-VDCA Stadium 5 April 2005
2 349–7 (49.5 overs)  India National Stadium, Karachi 13 March 2004
3 344–8 (50 overs)  Pakistan National Stadium, Karachi 13 March 2004
4 330–4 (47.5 overs)  India Sher-e-Bangla Cricket Stadium 18 March 2012
5 330–8 (50 overs)  India Sher-e-Bangla Cricket Stadium 10 June 2008
Source: Cricinfo.com. Last updated 18 March 2012.
Lowest innings score
Rank Score Team Venue Date
1 79 (34.2 overs)  India Jinnah Stadium Sialkot 13 October 1978
2 87 (32.5 overs)  Pakistan Sharjah Cricket Association Stadium 22 March 1985
3 112 (30.2 overs)  India Gaddafi Stadium 22 December 1989
4 116 (45.0 overs)  Pakistan Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club 14 September 1997
5 125 (45.0 overs)  India Sharjah Cricket Association Stadium 16 April 1999
Source: Cricinfo.com. Last updated 18 March 2012.
Most career runs
Runs Player Period
2,474 (66 innings) India Sachin Tendulkar 19892012
2,403 (64 innings) Pakistan Inzamam-ul-Haq 19922006
2,002 (48 innings) Pakistan Saeed Anwar 19892003
1,899 (55 innings) India Rahul Dravid 19962012
1,657 (59 innings) India Mohammad Azharuddin 19852000

Last updated: 3 January 2013[14]

Highest individual score
Runs Player Venue Date
194 Pakistan Saeed Anwar M. A. Chidambaram Stadium 21 May 1997
183 India Virat Kohli Sher-e-Bangla Cricket Stadium 18 March 2012
148 India Mahendra Singh Dhoni ACA-VDCA Stadium 5 April 2005
143 Pakistan Shoaib Malik R. Premadasa Stadium 25 July 2004
141 India Sachin Tendulkar Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium 16 March 2004

Last updated: 18 March 2012[15]

Highest partnerships
Best bowling figures
Biggest victory margins
  • Pakistan – 159 run victory at Delhi on 17 April 2005
Pakistan – 303/8 (50.0 overs)
India – 144 (37 overs)
  • India – 140 run victory at Dhaka on 10 June 2008
India – 330/9 (50.0 overs)
Pakistan – 190 (35.4 overs)
Smallest victory margins
  • Pakistan – 4 runs at Sharjah on 23 October 1993
Pakistan – 257/8 (50.0 overs)
India – 253/7 (50.0 overs)
India – 212/6 (44.0 overs maximum)
Pakistan – 212/7 (44.0 overs maximum)[16]
Most extras in one ODI
Most catches by an individual in an innings
  • India – 4 catches
Sunil Gavaskar at Sharjah on 22 March 1985
Mohammad Azharuddin at Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club on 13 September 1997
Sachin Tendulkar at Dhaka on 11 January 1998
  • Pakistan – 4 catches
Younis Khan at Keenan Stadium, Jamshedpur on 9 April 2005
Most wickets in a career
Wickets Player Matches Average
60 Pakistan Wasim Akram 48 25.15
57 Pakistan Saqlain Mushtaq 35 24.38
54 India Anil Kumble 34 24.25
Pakistan Aaqib Javed 39 24.64
India Javagal Srinath 36 30.68

Last updated: 3 January 2013[17]

ODI matches summary (1978-2013)
  • Total 125 Matches – 50 won by India, 71 won by Pakistan, No result 4
  • 30 matches in India – 11 won by India, 19 won by Pakistan.
  • 27 matches in Pakistan – 11 won by India, 14 won by Pakistan. No Result 2
  • 66 matches in other countries. 26 won by India. 38 won by Pakistan. No Result 2

Players who have played for both teams

After the partition in 1947, Pakistan emerged to play cricket. But India had already been playing cricket matches pre-independence. No player has ever played for India after playing for Pakistan. Three players have played for Pakistan after appearing for India. They are:

Although Pakistan was created in 1947, Gul Mohammad continued to represent India until 1954, and played for India against Pakistan in Pakistan's first tour of India in 1951-52.

See also

References

  1. Brett, Oliver (9 March 2004). "Cricket's most intense rivalry". BBC News. 
  2. Richards, Huw (8 March 2008). "Cricket: Passion and politics mix as India faces Pakistan". The New York Times. 
  3. Stats Guru Summary of Bilateral series between India and Pakistan
  4. Herman, Steve (18 December 2008). "India Cancels Cricket Tour of Pakistan". VOA News (Voice of America). Retrieved 3 January 2009. 
  5. "Cricket spirit: Pakistan to tour India in December". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 16 July 2012. 
  6. 6.0 6.1 http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=3;filter=advanced;opposition=7;orderby=wickets;spanmax2=25+Mar+2011;spanmin2=25+Mar+2001;spanval2=span;team=6;template=results;type=team
  7. http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=2;filter=advanced;opposition=6;orderby=won;team=7;template=results;trophy=44;type=team
  8. Cricinfo – Records – India v Pakistan – Test matches – Result summary
  9. Cricinfo – Records – India v Pakistan – One-Day Internationals – Result summary
  10. Cricinfo – Records – India v Pakistan – Twenty20 Internationals – Result summary
  11. "Records / India v Pakistan / Test matches / Highest totals". Cricinfo. Retrieved 27 November 2011. 
  12. "Records / India v Pakistan / Test matches / Lowest totals". Cricinfo. Retrieved 27 November 2011. 
  13. 13.0 13.1 "Records / India v Pakistan / Test matches / Largest victories". Cricinfo. Retrieved 27 November 2011. 
  14. "Records / India v Pakistan / One-Day Internationals / Most runs". Retrieved 3 January 2013. 
  15. "Records / India v Pakistan / One-Day Internationals / High scores". Cricinfo. Retrieved 27 November 2011. 
  16. http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64304.html
  17. "Records / India v Pakistan / One-Day Internationals / Most wickets". Cricinfo. Retrieved 3 January 2013. 

External links

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