Humphrey Fleming Senhouse

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Humphrey Fleming Senhouse
Born 1781
Died 13 June 1841
Buried at Old Protestant Cemetery in Macau
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service/branch Royal Navy
Rank Captain
Battles/wars Napoleonic Wars,
War of 1812,
First Anglo-Chinese War
Awards Knight Commander of the Hanoverian Guelphic Order,
Companion of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath

Captain Sir Humphrey Fleming Senhouse, KCH, CB (1781 – 13 June 1841), was a British officer in the Royal Navy. He served in the Napoleonic Wars, War of 1812, and First Anglo-Chinese War.

Early life

Senhouse was the third son of William Senhouse (1741–1800) and his wife Elizabeth. His father was a Lieutenant in the Royal Navy, and Surveyor-General of Barbados and the British Windward Islands. His mother was daughter of Samson Wood, the speaker of the Barbados Assembly. His grandfather, Humphrey Senhouse of Netherhall, Cumberland, married Mary, daughter and co-heiress of Sir George Fleming, bishop of Carlisle.[1][2]

Senhouse joined the navy in January 1797 on board HMS Prince of Wales, the flagship of Rear-Admiral Henry Harvey in the West Indies Station. In November 1797, he moved to the brig Requin, in which he arrived in England for the first time in 1799. From March 1800 to April 1802, he served in HMS Fisgard under Captains Thomas Byam Martin and Michael Seymour.[1]

1802–1810

On 7 April 1802, Senhouse passed his examination, and was promoted as Lieutenant of HMS Galgo two days later. In May 1803, he was appointed to HMS Conqueror with Captain Thomas Louis. With Israel Pellew, who relieved Louis in April 1804, Senhouse served in the Mediterranean, West Indies, and in the Battle of Trafalgar, until January 1806. He again went to the West Indies on board HMS Elephant, and was put on board the flagship of HMS Northumberland under Sir Alexander Cochrane. In September 1806, he was appointed to command HMS Express on the Spanish Main and Leeward Islands until March 1808, when he joined HMS Belleisle as a flag-lieutenant to Cochrane, who sent him home with despatches in July 1808.[1]

On 26 January 1809, Senhouse rejoined Cochrane, now in command of HMS Neptune.[1] After assisting in the debarkation of troops in the invasion of Martinique, he was promoted to Commander on 2 June 1809.[3] He was promoted to HMS Wolverine on 7 March, which he commanded in the West Indies until December. There, he also commanded HMS Ringdove and HMS Superieure. In 1810, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Vice-Admiral John Manley. They had two children.[1]

1810–1839

In 1810–12, Senhouse commanded HMS Recruit at Gibraltar, Newfoundland, and the Halifax Station. In 1812–14, he commanded the 18-gun sloop HMS Martin on the Halifax Station.[1][3] In the War of 1812 against the United States, he defended the Martin, aground in Delaware Bay, against a flotilla of eight gunboats and two blockships on 29 July 1813. He made prize of the 6-gun privateer Snap Dragon containing 80 men, assisted in the capture of Moose Island, and was sent home with despatches by Cochrane, announcing the success of the expedition in Castine, Maine.[3] He was promoted to Post-Captain on 12 October 1814, and from April to September 1815, commanded HMS Superb on the coast of France as flag-captain to Sir Henry Hotham.[1] From 25 February 1831 to 1834, he served in HMS St Vincent, most of the time as flag-captain to Vice-Admiral Hotham, commander-in-chief of the Mediterranean Station.[3] King William IV told Hotham at Windsor:

Sir Henry, you are most fortunate in having one of the cleverest fellows of the navy for your Captain. [...] Yes, I am sure I need not tell you so; he must be not only a clever man, but most zealous in his profession; few like him would have employed the leisure the peace has given him in gaining the information he has; there was not a question I asked him that he could not give me a ready and satisfactory reply. [...] You are lucky in having him.[4]

Senhouse was nominated a Knight Commander of the Hanoverian Guelphic Order on 13 April 1832, and knighted on 5 June 1834.[1]

1839–1841

On 9 April 1839, Senhouse commissioned HMS Blenheim. He was sent from England to fill the office of second-in-command of the British naval forces in China, where he served in the First Anglo-Chinese War.[4] Commodore James Bremer, commander-in-chief of the British forces, entrusted the attack on Anunghoy Island to Senhouse in the Battle of the Bogue on 26 February 1841. After the Blenheim fired broadsides from starboard at the island's fort, Senhouse landed with about 300 marines and seamen to clear the few remaining defenders.[5][6]

Tomb of Senhouse in Macau (published 1844)

On 13 June 1841, Senhouse died on board the Blenheim in Hong Kong from fever contracted during the operations in Canton in May 1841. Captain Thomas Herbert took over command of the ship.[7] Senhouse is buried at the Old Protestant Cemetery in Macau.[8] Duncan MacPherson of the Madras Army wrote, "On the morning of the 13 June, when it was announced to him that all hopes of saving his life was at an end, he immediately directed that the signal be made for all captains of H.M.'s ships to repair on board; but ere the first had arrived, our gallant commodore was a corpse."[9] On 29 June, Senhouse was nominated a Companion of the Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath.[4]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Dictionary of National Biography (1897). Volume 51. pp. 244–245.
  2. ↑ Burke, J. Bernard (1852). A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland for 1852. Volume 2. p. 1211.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 O'Byrne, William R. (1849). A Naval Biographical Dictionary. p. 1049.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 The Gentleman's Magazine (1841). Volume 16 (new series). pp. 654–656.
  5. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 19984, p. 1425, 3 June 1841.
  6. ↑ Bingham, John Elliot (1843). Narrative of the Expedition to China from the Commencement of the War to Its Termination in 1842. Volume 2. p. 60.
  7. ↑ The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British and Foreign India, China, and Australasia (1841). Volume 36. p. 208.
  8. ↑ Ride, Lindsay; Ride, May; Mellor, Bernard (1996). An East India Company Cemetery: Protestant Burials in Macao. Hong Kong University Press. p. 220. ISBN 962-209-384-1.
  9. ↑ MacPherson, Duncan (1843). The War in China (3rd ed.). p. 167.
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