Hugh Murray (geographer)

Hugh Murray (1779–1846) was a Scottish geographer.

Life

He was the younger son of Matthew Murray (1735–1791), minister of North Berwick, and grandson of George Murray (d. 1757), who had held the same post. His elder brother, George (1772–1822), was also minister of North Berwick from 1795 till his death. His mother was daughter of John Hill, minister of St. Andrews, and sister of Henry David Hill, professor at St. Andrews.^[1]

Murray entered the Edinburgh excise office as a clerk. On 22 January 1816 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He was for a time editor of the Scots Magazine, and was a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society of London. His connection with Archibald Constable's Edinburgh Gazetteer caused him to figure in in the Tory squib, written by James Hogg and others,^[2] called Translation from an Ancient Chaldee MS., which appeared in Blackwood's Magazine for October 1817.^[1]

Murray died after a short illness, while on a visit to London, in Wardrobe Place, Doctors' Commons, on 4 March 1846.^[1]

Works

Murray published The Swiss Emigrants, a tale (anon.), in 1804; two philosophical treatises (The Morality of Fiction, 1805, and Enquiries respecting the Character of Nations, 1808); and another romance, Corasmin, or the Minister, in 1814.^[1]

Encyclopædia of Geography

Voyage of Hanno the Navigator, from the Encyclopedia of Geography

Murray's major work was the Encyclopædia of Geography, a Description of the Earth, physical, statistical, civil, and political (London, 1834). He wrote the geographical part; the other sections were astronomy (William Wallace), botany (William Jackson Hooker), geology (Robert Jameson) and zoology (William Swainson).^[3] A supplement was published in 1843. The work contained 82 maps and over a thousand woodcuts. It was well received, and an American edition (1843) in three volumes was edited by Thomas Gamaliel Bradford.^[1]

Books

Murray's other main publications included:^[1]

• A Catechism of Geography, 4th ed. enlarged, Edinb. 1833, 7th ed. 1842.
• Travels of Marco Polo, amended and enlarged, with notes, 1844, 1845.

After his death were published:^[1]

• The African Continent: a Narrative of Discovery and Invention … with an Account of recent exploring expeditions by J. M. Wilson, 1853.
• Pictorial History of the United States of America to the close of Pres. Taylor's Admin. … with Additions and Corrections by H. C. Watson, illustrated, Boston, Massachusetts, 1861.

Other works

To the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Murray contributed, among other papers, one, in 1818, On the Ancient Geography of Central and Eastern Asia, with Illustrations derived from Recent Discoveries in the North of India. In 1817 he enlarged and completed John Leyden's Historical Account of Discoveries and Travels in Africa.’ Similar works by him on Asia (3 vols. Edinburgh, 1820) and North America (London, 1829) followed.^[1]

Murray also contributed to the press, and in the Edinburgh Cabinet Library there appeared compilations by him on the history or geography of: the Polar Seas (1830), British India (1832), China (1836), British America (1839), Africa (1830), and The United States (1844). Some of these volumes had contributions on natural history, by Robert Jameson, Thomas Stewart Traill, James Nicol, and others.^[1]

Notes

Attribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1894). "Murray, Hugh". Dictionary of National Biography 39. London: Smith, Elder & Co.