Howard Air Force Base
| Howard Air Force Base
| |
|---|---|
| Part of Air Combat Command | |
| Located near Balboa, Panama | |
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| Howard Air Force Base, Canal Zone, about 1970 | |
| Coordinates | 8°54′54″N 79°35′58″W / 8.91500°N 79.59944°WCoordinates: 8°54′54″N 79°35′58″W / 8.91500°N 79.59944°W |
| Type | Military airfield |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | United States Air Force |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1939 |
| In use | 1942–1999 |
Howard Air Force Base (IATA: BLB, ICAO: MPHO) is a former United States Air Force base located in Panama. It was closed on 1 November 1999 as a result of the Torrijos-Carter Treaties, which specified that US military facilities in the former Panama Canal Zone be closed and the facilities be turned over to the Panamanian government.
Overview
The base was located 6 miles southwest of Balboa, at the southern (Pacific) end of the Panama Canal. Most of the area around it was uninhabited and formed part of the Panama Canal Zone watershed, although Panama City could be reached by crossing the nearby Bridge of the Americas.
For over 50 years, Howard Air Force Base was the bastion of US air power in Central and South America. In its heyday, it was the center for counter-drug operations, military and humanitarian airlift, contingencies, joint-nation exercises, and search and rescue. It was the hub of Air Force operations in Latin America, boasting fighters, cargo planes, tankers, airborne warning and control system planes, "executive" jets, and search and rescue helicopters. It was also home to a host of army and navy aircraft. Its personnel tracked drug traffickers out of South America, and its cargo planes provided airlift for US Southern Command contingencies, exercises, and disaster relief, and conducted search and rescue in the vast region. Yet only the C-27 Spartan transports, several special-mission C-130s, and executive jets belonged to the host unit, the 24th Composite Wing, later redesignated the 24th Wing (24 WG). Although Regular Air Force C-130 aircraft rotated to Howard for 90-day detachments in the 1970s and early 1980s, in the support mission called CORONET OAK, this mission was later transferred to the Air Force Reserve and the Air National Guard, which then provided C-130s for CORONET OAK, as well as A-7 Corsair and later F-16 Fighting Falcon fighters that also rotated into the base.
Previous names
- Bruja Point Military Reservation, 11 August 1928
- Fort Bruja, 1929
- Fort Kobbe (named after Maj Gen William A. Kobbe, USA, who died 1 November 1931) 1932; airfield section of Fort Kobbe named Howard Field, 1 December 1939
- Howard Air Base, 10 July 1941
- Howard Air Force Base, 1948 – February 1950; October 1955 – 1999
Major commands to which assigned
- Panama Canal Department, 1 December 1939 – 19 October 1940
- Panama Canal Air Force, 19 October 1940 – 5 August 1941
- Caribbean Air Force, 5 August 1941 – 18 September 1942
- Sixth Air Force, 18 September 1942 – 31 July 1946
- Caribbean Air Command, 31 July 1946 – 8 July 1963
- Operations at Howard drew down during the summer of 1949 and all training ceased on 11 October 1949; the base was transferred in inactive status to USA, Caribbean, in February 1950. In the 1950s, Albrook AFB used Howard to reduce aircraft activity at Albrook; a joint USA, Caribbean, and Caribbean Air Comd, USAF, agreement (18 August 1955) permitted the resumption of regular flying operations at Howard in October 1955.
- United States Air Forces Southern Command, 8 July 1963 – 1 January 1976
- Tactical Air Command
- USAF Southern Air Division, 1 January 1976 – 1 January 1989
- 830th Air Division, 1 January 1989 – 15 February 1991
- Air Forces Panama, 15 February 1991 – 11 February 1992
- Tactical Air Command, 11 February – 31 May 1992
- Air Combat Command, 31 May 1992 – 1 November 1999
Major units assigned
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History
Carved out of the jungle 500 yards from the Pacific Ocean, it opened in 1942. It was named after Major Charles H. Howard (1892–1936), who flew in Panama in the late 1920s.
The only five-star general in Air Force history, Henry H. "Hap" Arnold played a prominent role in the history of Howard AFB and military aviation in Panama. As a captain, Arnold led the first air unit, the 7th Aero Squadron, to the Isthmus on March 29, 1917. Within a week, he left for Washington, DC, and more pressing duties there. When he returned to Panama in May 1939, he was a major general and chief of the Army Air Corps. The purpose of his visit was to select a site for a new air base. He chose what is now Howard AFB and suggested the name Howard Field, in honor of Major Charles H. Howard, a personal friend and former subordinate who had served in Panama during the period 1926–1929 and who had been part of Arnold's crew on his famed flight of B-10 bombers to Alaska in 1934. Major Howard died in an air crash on October 25, 1936. On December 1, 1939, the new air base officially became Howard Field.
Construction began shortly thereafter and the first troops arrived on May 15, 1941. Howard Field hosted both fighter and bomber aircraft during the World War II era. The base was inactivated on January 1, 1950 and its real estate turned over to the Army.
The Air Force continued to use Howard as a deployment site for joint training exercises during the 1950s, and by December 1961 all USAF flying operations in Panama relocated to Howard. On October 1, 1963, the Air Force officially reclaimed Howard from the Army and the base played a central role in US military operations in Latin America ever since, largely due to its 8500-foot runway and its status as the only jet-capable US air field south of the Rio Grande.
Control of the Panama Canal changed hands on 31 December 1999, from the United States to Panama. DoD elements began drawing down more than a year earlier, in anticipation of the deadline established by the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. The last of the fixed-wing US aircraft departed Howard Air Force Base on 1 May 1999. On 1 November 1999, the 24th Wing inactivated and Howard Air Force Base was turned over to the Panamanian government.
Post Military use
The government of Panama benefited from the closure of military facilities. Much of the former military base is used to house call centers for technology companies, most notably Dell Computer.
In February 2008, the production for the James Bond movie Quantum of Solace used the base to double for an airport in Bolivia.
The former Howard Air Force Base is now called Panama Pacifico. The Panamanian National Air Show takes place at the airport every year, usually on the last Sunday of January.
References
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Air Force Historical Research Agency.
- Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556.
- Fletcher, Harry R. (1989) Air Force Bases Volume II, Active Air Force Bases outside the United States of America on 17 September 1982. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-53-6
See also
- List of former United States military installations in Panama
- List of United States Air Force installations
External links
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