Hector McNeill

Hector McNeill (1728-1785) was an Irish born emigrant to the British colonies in America who became a Merchant Marine for the British Crown before during and after the Seven Years' War. He later became the third ranking officer ^[1] in the Continental Navy during the American Revolutionary War.^[2][3]

Early life

McNeill was of Scotch descent and born in County Antrim, Ireland on October 10, 1728. At the age of nine he emigrated to Boston in the American colonies arriving there September 7, 1737. He received his education in Boston's public schools. On November 12, 1750 he married to Mary Wilson in Boston's Presbyterian Church. Their first son was named Robert, born April 12, 1752 who died in September the following year. In November their next son, Hector Jr. was born. Two other daughter were born soon after.^[3]

Seven Years War

McNeil entered entered the King's service as a merchant marine in April of 1755 and was given command of a ship that tool General Monckton to Nova Scotia where he remained during the siege of Beausejour. He returned to Boston in October that same year. At year's end, just before the beginning of the Seven Years' War he was commanding a vessel that was captured by Indians allied with the French in Passamaquoddy Bay and taken north to Quebec as a prisoner. After a prisoner exchange he was able to acquire another ship and worked in the New England coastal trade.^{[3] [2]}

Post war

After the war he continued sailing a number of merchant ships between Quebec and Boston, including the sloop Phonix with a large number of passengers in April, 1765 and the sloop Fanny and Jeany in November 1766. He also commanded the sloop Brtittania and Swallow in 1767 and 1768 respectively.^[3]

Mcneill's first wife died on February 7, 1769. He remarried on December 26, 1770 to Marry Watt with whom he shared a daughter, Sarah. ^[3]

Beginning of American Revolution

Before the beginning of the American Revolution, McNeill was living in British-held Quebec. When war began Governor-General Guy Carleton demanded he either join the militia for the British or leave the colony. McNeill left and was soon transporting supplies to the American army's invasion of Canada under General Benedict Arnold. McNeill continued in this role for several months until British reinforcements caused the Americans to retreat from Canada.^[2]

Naval Service

In June 1776, McNeill went before the Continental Congress lobbying for a Captain's commission in the Continental Navy. He was granted the position on June 15 and installed as its third-ranking captain. He was given command of the new frigate Boston which was outfitted at Newburyport, Massachusetts. After a year preparing the ship to be battle-worthy and finding a crew, the Boston joined another new frigate the Hancock to form a squadron under the command of the Navy's second ranking officer Captain John Manley. Personality conflicts often arose between McNeill and Manley, in part due to the scarcity of supplies and available crew.^[2]

Combat

On May 21, 1777 the squadron fought in the Grand Banks, by June 8, 1777 they took hold of the Fox. During the 90 minute battle, Manley's ship had done most of the fighting but McNeill was able to position his ship in order to take possession of the 24-gun British frigate. Manley ordered McNeill to relinquish command of the Fox to his crew, causing further animosity between them.^[2]

On July 7, 1777 Manley sailed ahead of the rest of the squadron and encountered British Captain George Collier's Rainbow and the Flora. Due to disciplined training, the British easily bested the American squadron. Manly would have been able to escaped the slower ships, but due to heavy cargo in the forward holds of the Hancock the bow dipped, slowing the craft. After a 39 hour chase, the British seized the American ships Hancock and Fox on July 9. McNeill did not support Manley during his flight, instead withdrawing to the safety of the Sheepscot River, Maine.^[2]

Court-Martial and privateering

McNeill remained in Maine for a month, while criticism of his leadership continued to grow. After a prisoner exchange released Manley, both men were court-martialed with the result for McNeill being dismissal from the Navy without ceremony. For the rest of the war he acted as a privateer for Massachusetts, commanding the Pallas and Adventure.^[2]

Final years

After the war McNeill returned to the merchant marine and was lost at sea on December 25, 1785.^[2]

Note

Captain Hector McNeill should not be confused with British Loyalist Colonel Hector McNeill who with Col. David Fanning co-led a surprise attack on American forces under Governor Thomas Burke at Hillsboro, North Carolina on September 12, 1781. An American counter-attack under General John Butler inflicted losses on the Loyalists including the death of McNeill and causing them to abandon Burke and their other prisoners.^[2]

References

Bibliography

• Allen, Gardner Weld (1922). Captain Hector McNeill of the Continental navy. Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston (Original printing Harvard University Press) ^{[note 1]}. p. 108.  Url

• Fredriksen, John C. (2006). Revolutionary War Almanac. New York, NY: Facts on File, Inc. 

• Paullin, Charles Oscar (1906). The navy of the American Revolution: its administration, its policy and its achievements. The Burrows Brothers Co. / Republican Printing Co., Iowa. p. 549.  Url

Notes