Harpactirinae
Baboon spider | |
---|---|
A Pterinochilus murinus tarantula | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Arachnida |
Order: | Araneae |
Suborder: | Mygalomorphae |
Family: | Theraphosidae |
Subfamily: | Harpactirinae Pocock, 1897 |
Genera | |
Augacephalus | |
Harpactirinae (commonly called baboon spiders) are a subfamily of tarantulas which are native to the continent of Africa. Like many tarantulas, they have a strong venom, and can inflict a painful bite; however most baboon spiders are not considered dangerous to humans.
Description
Harpactirinae are ground-dwelling spiders who build silk-lined burrows, often under debris such as stones, using their fangs and chelicerae for digging. Habitats include savanna woodlands, grasslands, and dry scrublands.
Systematics
The following genera and species are present in Harpactirinae. In addition, the genus Brachionopus (Pocock, 1897) has been suggested for placement in this sub-family, but its taxonomy is currently disputed.
Augacephalus
Augacephalus Gallon, 2002
- Augacephalus breyeri (Hewitt, 1919) (South Africa, Mozambique, Swaziland)
- Augacephalus junodi (Simon, 1904) (East, South Africa)
- Augacephalus ezendami (Gallon, 2010) (South Africa)
Ceratogyrus
Ceratogyrus Pocock, 1897
- Ceratogyrus brachycephalus Hewitt, 1919 (Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa)
- Ceratogyrus darlingi Pocock, 1897 (Zimbabwe, Mozambique)
- Ceratogyrus dolichocephalus Hewitt, 1919 (Zimbabwe)
- Ceratogyrus ezendami Gallon, 2001 (Mozambique)
- Ceratogyrus hillyardi (Smith, 1990) (Malawi)
- Ceratogyrus marshalli Pocock, 1897 (Zimbabwe, Mozambique)
- Ceratogyrus meridionalis (Hirst, 1907) (Malawi, Mozambique)
- Ceratogyrus paulseni Gallon, 2005 (South Africa)
- Ceratogyrus pillansi (Purcell, 1902) (Zimbabwe, Mozambique)
- Ceratogyrus sanderi Strand, 1906 (Namibia, Zimbabwe)
Eucratoscelus
Eucratoscelus Pocock, 1898
- Eucratoscelus constrictus (Gerstäcker, 1873) (Kenya, Tanzania)
- Eucratoscelus pachypus Schmidt & von Wirth, 1990 (Tanzania)
Harpactira
Harpactira Ausserer, 1871
- Harpactira atra (Latreille, 1832) (South Africa)
- Harpactira baviana Purcell, 1903 (South Africa)
- Harpactira cafreriana (Walckenaer, 1837) (South Africa)
- Harpactira chrysogaster Pocock, 1897 (South Africa)
- Harpactira curator Pocock, 1898 (South Africa)
- Harpactira curvipes Pocock, 1897 (South Africa)
- Harpactira dictator Purcell, 1902 (South Africa)
- Harpactira gigas Pocock, 1898 (South Africa)
- Harpactira guttata Strand, 1907 (South Africa)
- Harpactira hamiltoni Pocock, 1902 (South Africa)
- Harpactira lineata Pocock, 1897 (South Africa)
- Harpactira lyrata (Simon, 1892) (South Africa)
- Harpactira marksi Purcell, 1902 (South Africa)
- Harpactira namaquensis Purcell, 1902 (Namibia, South Africa)
- Harpactira pulchripes Pocock, 1901 (South Africa)
- Harpactira tigrina Ausserer, 1875 (South Africa)
Harpactirella
Harpactirella Purcell, 1902
- Harpactirella domicola Purcell, 1903 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella helenae Purcell, 1903 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella insidiosa (Denis, 1960) (Morocco)
- Harpactirella karrooica Purcell, 1902 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella lapidaria Purcell, 1908 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella lightfooti Purcell, 1902 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella longipes Purcell, 1902 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella magna Purcell, 1903 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella schwarzi Purcell, 1904 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella spinosa Purcell, 1908 (South Africa)
- Harpactirella treleaveni Purcell, 1902 (South Africa)
Idiothele
Idiothele Hewitt, 1919
- Idiothele nigrofulva (Pocock, 1898) (Southern Africa)
- Idiothele mira (Gallon, 2010) (South Africa)
Pterinochilus
Pterinochilus Pocock, 1897
- Pterinochilus alluaudi Berland, 1914 (Kenya)
- Pterinochilus chordatus (Gerstäcker, 1873) (East Africa)
- Pterinochilus cryptus Gallon, 2008 — Angola
- Pterinochilus lugardi Pocock, 1900 (Southern, East Africa)
- Pterinochilus murinus Pocock, 1897 (Angola, Central, East, Southern Africa)
- Pterinochilus simoni Berland, 1917 (Angola, Congo)
- Pterinochilus vorax Pocock, 1897 (Angola, Central, East Africa)
Trichognathella
Trichognathella Gallon, 2004
- Trichognathella schoenlandi (Pocock, 1900) (South Africa)
External links
- Norman I. Platnick: The World Spider Catalog, American Museum of Natural History.
- Museums of Cape Town: Baboon spiders
- Science in Africa: The Baboon spiders of South Africa
- www.baboonspiders.de Baboon spiders Systematic Taxonomy
- www.baboonspiders.de Key of the genera of the subfamily Harpactirinae