Harlon Block

Harlon Block
Birth name	Harlon Henry Block
Born	(1924-11-06)November 6, 1924 Yorktown, Texas
Died	March 1, 1945(1945-03-01) (aged 20) Iwo Jima, Japan
Allegiance	United States
Service/branch	United States Marine Corps
Years of service	1943 – 1945
Rank	Corporal
Unit	E Company, 2nd Battalion, 28th Marines, 5th Marine Division
Battles/wars	World War II Battle of Bougainville Consolidation of the Northern Solomons (Solomon Islands Campaign) Battle of Iwo Jima
Awards	Purple Heart Medal Combat Action Ribbon Presidential Unit Citation

Harlon Henry Block (November 6, 1924 – March 1, 1945) was a United States Marine during World War II. Born in Yorktown, Texas, Block joined the Marine Corps in November 1943 and subsequently participated in combat action on Bougainville and Iwo Jima where he was killed in action. He is best known as one of the six men photographed raising the flag on Iwo Jima.

Early life

Block was born in Yorktown, Texas, the third of six children to Edward Frederick Block and Ada Belle Brantley, a Seventh day-Adventist family.^[1][2] The Block children were: Edward, Jr., Maurine, Harlon, Larry, Corky, and Melford.^[3]

Edward Frederick Block was a World War I veteran and supported his family by working as a dairy farmer.^[4]

In hopes of improving the family, the Block family relocated to Weslaco, Texas, a small town located in the Rio Grande Valley. His father became a dairy farmer, and the children attended a Seventh-day Adventist private school. Harlon Block was expelled in his freshman year when he refused to tell the principal which student had vandalised the school. Block then transferred to Weslaco High School in Weslaco, and was remembered as an outgoing student with many friends. A natural athlete, Block led the Weslaco Panther Football Team to the Conference Championship. He was honored as "All South Texas End".

World War II

U.S. Marine Corps

Block and twelve of his high school football teammates enlisted in the Marine Corps through the Selective Service System at San Antonio on February 18, 1943. After basic training in San Diego, he took parachute training and qualified as a Paramarine. He was promoted to private first class on May 22, 1943.

Paramarines

He was sent to the Pacific Theatre. He arrived at New Caledonia on November 15, 1943, where he served as a member of Headquarters and Service Company, 1st Marine Parachute Regiment, I Marine Amphibious Corps. On December 21, he landed on Bougainville and participated in the Bougainville Campaign. The parachute regiment disbanded on February 29, 1944, and he was sent back to San Diego, California. He joined Company E, 2nd Battalion, 28th Marine Regiment, 5th Marine Division at Camp Pendleton, California and on October 24, Block was promoted to corporal.

Battle of Iwo Jima

Block landed on Iwo Jima on February 19, 1945. He participated in the second American flag-raising on Mount Suribachi on February 23, 1945. Block idolized and followed his rifle platoon squad leader without question as assistant squad leader until Sgt. Michael Strank was killed on March 1, according to the book, Flags of Our Fathers. Block assumed command of the squad and while leading them hours later the same day during an attack toward Nishi Ridge, he was mortally wounded by an enemy mortar round explosion... Block's last words were, "They killed me!"

Military awards

Block didn't receive the Marine Corps Good Conduct Medal because it required four years of service at that time. The silver 5/16 inch star on his Presidential Unit Citation ribbon is a World War II battle star for Iwo Jima. A 3/16 inch bronze service star on the Navy-Marine PUC currently indicates a second PUC. He is credited with the following military awards:

CPL Block's service ribbons at the time of his death.

• Purple Heart Medal
• Combat Action Ribbon^[5]
• Presidential Unit Citation with silver 5/16 inch star
• American Campaign Medal.
• Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with three bronze service stars
• World War II Victory Medal.
• Parachutist Badge

Flag raising controversy and burial

A photo to show all six men

In the battle aftermath, controversy arose as to the real identity of one of the Marines who planted the American flag in the famous photograph of the flag-raising on Iwo Jima. When Block's mother first viewed Joe Rosenthal's iconic flag raising photograph in the Weslaco newspaper on February 25, just two days after the photo was taken, she immediately exclaimed, "That's Harlon", pointing to the figure on the far right. However, Rene Gagnon mistakenly identified the person as Sergeant Hank Hansen of Boston, another Paramarine who was involved in the first flag-raising earlier that day, but who was not included in the famous photograph. John Bradley concurred with Gagnon at that time.

Block's mother never wavered in her belief that it was Harlon insisting, "I know my boy", yet no one believed her. Some eighteen months later, a Congressional investigation revealed that it was indeed Block and not Hansen in the photograph. Fellow Paramarine Ira Hayes was instrumental in proving Block's involvement in the famous photograph, and in the end, both Gagnon and Bradley agreed that "it could be Block". In fact, Hayes had told Marine officials (and Block's father shortly before the investigation) that the sixth flag raiser was Block, but since the Marines had already made announcements that Hansen had been identified, he was told not to make waves.^[6]

Burial site

Block was originally buried in the 5th Marine Division Cemetery on Iwo Jima in 1945. In January 1949, he was re-interred in Weslaco, Texas. In 1995, his body was moved to a buried place at the Marine Military Academy near its Iwo Jima monument in Harlingen, Texas.^[7]

Portrayal in film

Harlon Block is featured in the 2006 Steven Spielberg film Flags of Our Fathers, directed and co-produced with Spielberg, by Clint Eastwood. In the movie, Block is portrayed by American actor Benjamin Walker. His parents are portrayed by Christopher Curry and Judith Ivey. The film is based on the 2000 book of the same title.

See also

• Marine Corps War Memorial
• Flags of Our Fathers
• Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
• Shadow of Suribachi: Raising The Flags on Iwo Jima
• Meliton Kantaria - Soviet flag raiser over the Reichstag in Berlin, 1945.
• Mikhail Yegorov - Soviet flag raiser over the Reichstag in Berlin, 1945.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Harlon Block.

References