HDMS Holsteen

A contemporary drawing of Holsteen
Career (Denmark & Norway)
Name:	Holsteen or Holsten
Builder:	F. M. Krabbe, Nyholm, Copenhagen
Laid down:	23 March 1770
Launched:	11 April 1772
Commissioned:	1775
Out of service:	2 April 1801
Fate:	Taken by the British at first Battle of Copenhagen (1801)
Career (UK)
Name:	HMS Holstein, renamed HMS Nassau in 1805
Acquired:	By capture by the British at first Battle of Copenhagen (1801)
Honours and awards:	Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Nassau 22 March 1808"[1]
Fate:	Sold 1814
General characteristics
Class & type:	Holsteen-class ship of the line
Displacement:	1.01 Læster (=2,020 tons)
Tons burthen:	139474/94 (bm)
Length:	48.65 m (159.6 ft)
Beam:	13.70 m (44.9 ft)
Draught:	6.04 m (19.8 ft)
Sail plan:	Full-rigged ship
Complement:	Danish service: 373 – 470 crew, plus 100 soldiers British service: 491 seamen and marines
Armament:	Danish service: Lower deck: 24 x 24-pounder guns Upper deck: 24 x 12-pounder guns QD & Fc: 12 x 8-pounder guns British service: Lower deck: 26 x 24-pounder guns Upper deck: 24 x 18-pounder guns QD: 12 x 24-pounder carronades Fc: 2 x 9-pounder guns + 2 x 24-pounder carronades

Holsteen^{[Notes 1]} was a 60-gun ship of the line in the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy. She was commissioned in 1775 and the British Royal Navy captured her in the Battle at Copenhagen Roads on 2 April 1801. The British renamed the ship HMS Holstein, and later HMS Nassau. She participated in one major battle during the Gunboat War and was sold in 1814.

Design

Holsteen was the name ship of her class of three vessels. The Danish naval builder, F. M.. Krabbe, was the chief designer and builder for the Danish navy. She was a foot narrower than the otherwise identical Oldenborg-class vessels.

Danish Service

• 1775 -1776: Fitted out during a voyage to Norway, where she was used as a command ship for the ships laid up in Trosvik (near the mouth of the Oslo Fjord),^[2] before returning to Copenhagen in 1776
• 25 May 1776 – 16 July 1780: on a voyage to Lisbon, the Gold Coast and Cape Town
• July 1780 – 24 October 1780: Guardship duties in Øresund, off Copenhagen
• 1782 – 1783: With the Neutrality Squadron
• June 1794 – October 1794: With the squadron in Øresund
• 1795: With the squadron in Øresund and the North Sea
• 1801: Equipped as a blockship and took part as such in the Battle of Copenhagen on 2 April 1801, being placed towards the northern end of the defensive line between Infødstretten and Søhesten. For a short time this ship-of-the-line served as the flagship. About 14:15 the captain was forced to strike to the British.^[3]

British service

On 12 April, the British sent Holstein back to Britain. She was the only one of the ships-of-the-line that the British chose to keep. All the rest they viewed as little more than floating batteries. She transported the wounded and sailed in company with Monarch and Isis, which too carried wounded. She arrived at Yarmouth on 22 April and was laid up there in ordinary until July 1802. Then Holstein transferred to Chatham on 16 October 1802 and was laid up there.^[4]

Between March and September 1805 Perry & Co., Blackwell, repaired her at a cost of ₤22,022. She was renamed Nassau and commissioned in September under Captain Robert Campbell, for the North Sea.^[4]

On 18 April 1806, Nassau was in company with Majestic, Agincourt, Dictator, Orpheus, Sparrow, and the hired armed cutter Florence captured the Prussian galliot Jonge Bartels.^[5] Five days later Nassau captured the Vissery.^[6] Then, a little more than a week later, on 2 May, Nassau and Stately captured the Nicholai and Martha. Several other British warships shared in the proceeds of the prize.^[7] Between May and June 1807 she escorted a convoy to Madeira.

In the late summer of 1807 she returned to Copenhagen where she participated in the second Battle of Copenhagen. After the surrender of the Danish fleet, Nassau, on 21 October 1807, was one of the vessels that escorted the surrendered Danish ships from Holmen to Kronborg. She then remained in Danish waters until February 1809.

Battle of Zealand Point

On 22 March 1808 Nassau and the 64-gun Stately destroyed the last Danish ship of the line, Prins Christian Frederik, commanded by Captain Carl Wilhelm Jessen, in a battle at Zealand Point.

The battle cost Nassau one man killed, one man missing, and 16 men wounded.^[8] In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasps "Stately 22 March 1808" and "Nassau 22 March 1808" to any still surviving crew members of those vessels that chose to claim them.

Further prizes in 1808

On 19 April 1808 Stately and Nassau captured the Danish ships Industrie and Haabet Anker.^[9]

On the morning of 1 September 1809, Nassau was escorting a convoy of East Indiamen in the English Channel when she sighted a strange sail. Nassau sent her boats in chase and after two hours they were able to capture the French privateer lugger Jean Bart of Saint Malo. She was armed with four guns and had a crew of 25 men under the command of Enseigne de vaisseau Louis Ollivier Pilvesse. She was five days out of the Île de Batz and had made no captures.^[10]

Fate

Nassau was laid up at Chatham in September 1809. In March of the next year she was commissioned as a prison ship under the command of Lieutenant William Field. He commanded her until she was sold for £2,510 on 3 November 1814.^[4]

See also

• List of ships captured in the 19th century

Footnotes

Notes

Citations

• Individual record cards in Danish for ships of the Danish Royal Navy can no longer (Feb 2013) be found on the internet at Orlogmuseet Skibregister. The Danish Naval Museum is building a new website at which details, drawings and models may be available. For individual ships already listed, including Holsteen (Danish spelling), see here

References

• Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth. ISBN 1-86176-246-1.