Gustav Rose

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Gustav Rose
Born (1798-03-18)March 18, 1798
Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia
Died July 15, 1873(1873-07-15) (aged 75)
Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia
Fields Mineralogy, Meteorites
Thesis De Sphenis atque titanitae systemate crystallino (1820)
Academic advisors Christian Samuel Weiss, Jöns Jacob Berzelius[1]
Notable students Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg, Gerhard vom Rath, Paul Heinrich von Groth, Christian Friedrich Martin Websky[1]
Known for Meteorite classification

Gustav Rose (March 18, 1798 – July 15, 1873) was a German mineralogist who was a native of Berlin. He was a brother of mineralogist Heinrich Rose (1795–1864), the son of pharmacologist Valentin Rose (1762–1807), and the father of noted surgeon Edmund Rose (1836–1914) and the classicist Valentin Rose.

Rose was a graduate of the University of Berlin, where he was a student of mineralogist Christian Samuel Weiss (1780–1856). He also studied under Swedish physical chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1779–1848) in Stockholm. While studying with Berzelius, Rose met German chemist Eilhard Mitscherlich (1794–1863), with whom he maintained a lifelong friendship. Rose provided assistance to Mitscherlich's development of the law of isomorphism. In 1826 he became an associate professor of mineralogy in Berlin, and in 1856 was appointed director of the Royal Mineralogical Museum. From 1863 until his death he was president of the German Geological Society.

Gustav Rose made important contributions in the fields of petrology[2] and crystallography, and is credited for pioneering usage of the reflective goniometer in Germany.[3] He had a particular interest in the relationship between the crystalline form and the physical properties of minerals, and is credited for developing a mineral system that was a combination of chemistry, isomorphy and morphology.[4]

Rose conducted studies of quartz, feldspars, granites, and the mineralogical components of trap rock. He is remembered for research of meteorites and chondrules (grains found in some types of meteorites). With Gustav Tschermak von Seysenegg (1836–1927) and Aristides Brezina (1848–1909), the "Rose-Tschermak-Brezina classification" system of meteorites was developed.[2]

In 1829 with German naturalists Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859) and Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg (1795–1876), Rose took part in a scientific expedition throughout Imperial Russia. In Russia he performed mineralogical studies in the Altai and Ural Mountains, as well as in the region of the Caspian Sea. He identified many minerals new to science, including perovskite, named in honor of Russian mineralogist Lev Aleksevich von Perovski (1792–1856). A rose-colored mineral named roselite is named after Rose, and he is credited with coining the terms howardite and eucrite.[5]

Selected publications

  • Elemente der Krystallographie (1830)
  • Mineralogischgeognostische Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai and dem Kaspische Meere (1837) Vol. 1; (1842) Vol. 2.
  • Das Krystallo-chemische Mineralsystem (1852)
  • Rose, Gustav (1864). Beschreibung und Eintheilung der Meteoriten auf Grund der Sammlung im mineralogischen Museum zu Berlin (in German). Berlin: Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften: in Commission bei F. Dümmler's Verlags-Buchhandlung Harrwitz und Gossmann. p. 161. 

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Rose, Gustav". deutsche-biographie.de. Retrieved 18 December 2012. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 McSween, Harry Y. (1999). Meteorites and Their Parent Planets (2. ed. ed.). Cambridge [u.a.]: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-58303-9. 
  3. ↑ Norman Lockyer Nature, August 7, 1873
  4. ↑ COMMISSION ON CLASSIFICATION OF MINERALS (CCM)
  5. ↑ Meteorites by Bob Hutchinson
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