Gulen
| Gulen kommune | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Municipality | |||
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| Coordinates: 61°01′27″N 05°07′10″E / 61.02417°N 5.11944°ECoordinates: 61°01′27″N 05°07′10″E / 61.02417°N 5.11944°E | |||
| Country | Norway | ||
| County | Sogn og Fjordane | ||
| District | Sogn | ||
| Administrative centre | Eivindvik | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor (2011) | Hallvard S. Oppedal (Sp) | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 597.19 km2 (230.58 sq mi) | ||
| • Land | 575.85 km2 (222.34 sq mi) | ||
| • Water | 21.34 km2 (8.24 sq mi) | ||
| Area rank | 184 in Norway | ||
| Population (2013) | |||
| • Total | 2,305 | ||
| • Rank | 310 in Norway | ||
| • Density | 4.0/km2 (10/sq mi) | ||
| • Change (10 years) | -5.9 % | ||
| Demonym | Guling[1] | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| ISO 3166 code | NO-1411 | ||
| Official language form | Nynorsk | ||
| Website | www.gulen.kommune.no | ||
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Gulen (help·info) is a municipality in the southwestern part of Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Sogn. The administrative center of the municipality is the village of Eivindvik. Other villages in Gulen include Brekke, Byrknes, Dalsøyra, Dingja, Instefjord, Mjømna, Rutledal, and Ytre Oppedal.
The municipality of Gulen sits to the south of the Sognefjorden and it surrounds the Gulafjorden, which is considered to be the place where Norway's west-coastal Vikings met for the Gulating, a governing body. The area along the Gulafjorden called Flolid (just east of the village of Eivindvik) is now a national historic place, where an open air theater and annual summer play commemorates the Vikings who gathered there 1000 years ago to accept Christianity.
General information
Evindvig was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The municipality of 1838 was created to be identical to the Evindvig parish (prestegjeld) that included the three sub-parishes (sokn) of Eivindvik, Brekke, and Husøy. The sub-parish of Brekke (population: 898) was separated from the municipality in 1850 to form a municipality of its own, leaving a total of 3,944 residents in Evindvig. (Later, Brekke was merged together with Lavik as the municipality of Lavik og Brekke. This was shortlived and Brekke later became a separate municipality once again.)[2]
In 1858, the sub-parish of Husøy (population: 1,384) was separated from Evindvig to form its own municipality called Utvær (renamed Solund in 1923). This left Evindvig with 3,018 inhabitants. On 1 July 1890, the name of Evindvig municipality was officially changed to Gulen. On 1 January 1964, the municipality of Brekke (population: 782) was merged (back) with Gulen. Also on that same date, the island of Losna (population: 40) was transferred from Gulen to the neighboring municipality of Solund. After these changes, Gulen had a population of 3,250.[2][3]
Name
The name (Old Norse: Guli) originally belonged to the fjord (now called Gulafjorden). The name is probably derived from the word gul which means "(strong) wind". Until 1891, the name of the municipality was Evenvig or Eivindvig (now written Eivindvik).[4]
Coat of arms
The coat of arms are relatively new. They were granted on 9 February 1990. The arms show two gray crosses on a blue background. The crosses represent the two stone crosses found near the village of Eivindvik that are believed to be about 1000 years old, erected there after the Vikings who met at the Gulating gathering embraced Christianity.[5]
Churches
The Church of Norway has three parishes(sokn) within the municipality of Gulen. It is part of the Ytre Sogn deanery in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.
| Parish (Sokn) | Church Name | Location of the Church | Year Built |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brekke | Brekke Church | Brekke | 1862 |
| Gulen | Gulen Church | Eivindvik | 1863 |
| Mjømna | Mjømna Church | Mjømna | 1901 |
Schools
The roughly 2500 residents live scattered throughout the municipality and are divided into four school districts: Brekke, Eivindvik, Dalsøyra, and Byrknes.[6]
Government
All municipalities in Norway, including Gulen, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Gulen is made up of 21 representatives that are elected to every four years. For 2011–2015, the party breakdown is as follows:[7]
| Party Name | Name in Norwegian | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Labour Party | Arbeiderpartiet | 2 | |
| Progress Party | Framstegspartiet | 1 | |
| Conservative Party | Høgre | 5 | |
| Christian Democratic Party | Kristelig Folkeparti | 2 | |
| Centre Party | Senterpartiet | 8 | |
| Liberal Party | Venstre | 3 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | ||
Mayor
The mayor (ordførar) of a municipality in Norway is usually a representative of the majority party of the municipal council who is elected to lead the council. The mayor of Gulen for the 2011-2015 term is Hallvard S. Oppedal of the Centre Party.
Geography
Gulen has an area of about 600 square kilometres (230 sq mi) including about 1500 small islands, islets, and skerries. The largest of the islands are Byrknesøyna, Hiserøyna, Mjømna, and Sandøyna.[8] The mainland is characterized by small valleys and large mountains crossing the landscape. The lake Dingevatn is one of Norway's deepest lakes.
Gulen is bounded on the north by the Sognefjorden and the Sognesjøen, and to the south by the Fensfjorden with the North Sea to the west of the municipality. Gulen is bordered by the municipalities of Solund and Hyllestad to the north (across the Sognefjorden), by Høyanger to the east, and by Austrheim (across the Fensfjorden), Lindås, and Masfjorden (all three in Hordaland county) to the south.
The area is a geological region that contains a relatively low nutrition content ground, which characterizes the types of flora. The moors, which are frequently covered with wild purple heather, are the dominating picture of the area. Due to the large quantity of rain in the area, there are many types of moss and lichen in Gulen.[9] Most of the land in Gulen is very mountainous and inhospitable.
| Land type | Percent |
|---|---|
| Agricultural | 4% |
| Forest | 19% |
| Water | 3% |
| Other | 74% |
Economy
Historically, Gulen's economy has been centered around farming and fishing. More recently, Gulen has become important because of its close proximity to the Mongstad industrial area which includes many oil refineries operated by Statoil, Shell Oil, and other oil companies. Other factories and industries in Gulen include Wergeland-Halsvik, Baker Oil Tools, Johnny Birkeland Transport, and Vest Tank. There are many other small businesses located in Gulen today.
Tusenårsstedet Gulatinget
The Gulating was a legislative assembly which met regularly for a period of at least five hundred years in Gulen on the shores of the Gulafjorden. In 1300, the assembly was moved to Bergen. The members of the assembly represented the farmers of Western Norway. This was where important political issues were discussed and decisions were made. The old assembly was also used as a law court for both civil and criminal cases. The Gulating was thus related to the representative institutions of today such as the municipal council and the Norwegian Parliament, Storting.[10]
A sculpture park was built in Flolid in Gulen in order to commemorate the Gulating legislative assembly. Norwegian sculptor Bård Breivik was responsible for the artistic elements which were opened by the public during August 2005. The park is a work of art in its own right that is used as the setting for outdoor dance and musical performances in beautiful and unique natural surroundings.[11]
Attractions
Sellevåg Wooden Shoe Factory
Wooden shoes were produced in Sellevåg from 1899–1975. The factory was powered by water in the Sellevåg Lake. The wooden shoe factory is still there with all its production equipment intact. A guided tour with demonstration can be arranged on request.[11]
Trondheim Post-Road
The historic mail route from Bergen and Trondheim, The post-road goes through the municipalities of Fjaler, Hyllestad and Gulen. Built between 1801 and 1806, it passes over many beautiful stone bridges.[11]
References
- ↑ "Personnemningar til stadnamn i Noreg" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
- ↑ Natvik, Oddvar (9 February 2005). "Some historical data on the 26 Kommunes". Retrieved 3 June 2008.
- ↑ Rygh, Oluf (1919). Norske gaardnavne: Nordre Bergenhus amt (in Norwegian) (12 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 195.
- ↑ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 2014-01-15.
- ↑ "Skular i Gulen kommune" (in Norwegian). Scandion.no. Retrieved 3 August 2008.
- ↑ "Members of the local councils, by party/electoral lists and municipality" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway. 2011. Retrieved 2014-01-15.
- ↑ Statistics Norway (1 January 2008). "Figures on Gulen Municipality". Retrieved 3 June 2008.
- ↑ Scandion.no. "Gulen - møtestad for lov og rett" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 3 June 2008.
- ↑ Gulatingsloven (Store norske leksikon)
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 GoNorway.no. "Gulen in Sogn og Fjordane". Retrieved 3 June 2008.
External links
- Gulatinget: Tusenårsstaden i Sogn og Fjordane (Norwegian)
- Gulen Kommune (Norwegian)
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