Growth of photovoltaics
Photovoltaic power (GW)[1][2] | |
---|---|
2005 | 5.4 |
2006 | 6.9 |
2007 | 9.5 |
2008 | 16.2 |
2009 | 23.6 |
2010 | 40.7 |
2011 | 71.1 |
2012 | 102.2 |
Year end capacities |
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The growth of photovoltaics, showing the history of installed photovoltaics.
Photovoltaics has been growing at an average of 60.7%/year since 2007, and increased by 74.7% in 2011. Cumulative installations in 2012 increased 43.8%, and is expected to reach from 288.2 to 422.9 GW by the end of 2017. By the end of 2012, a total of 102.2 GW had been installed, sufficient to generate 110 TWh/year, enough to meet 0.6% of electricity generation and 1.2% of peak demand.[3]
Official agencies keep underestimating the growth rate of renewables.[4] There was a roughly exponential growth in global solar consumption from 2001 to end 2012, with an approximate doubling of consumption every two years. If the trend continues then solar power would reach 10% of total global power generation by 2018, advancing from the 55.7 TWh generation of 2011 to approximately 2200 TWh,[5] and would provide 100 percent of the current world energy needs by 2027.[6]
The United States was the leader of total photovoltaics installed until 1997 when it was surpassed by Japan, which maintained the lead until Germany took the lead in 2005, and has maintained the lead in cumulative installations through 2014. In 2011 Italy had the most photovoltaics installed during that year.
Cumulative installations by country
Country | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | 7.3 | 8.9 | 10.7 | 12.7 | 15.7 | 18.7 | 22.5 | 25.3 | 29.2 | 33.6 | 39.1 | 45.6 | 52.3 | 60.6 | 70.3 | 82.5 | 104.5 | 183.6 | 571 | 1,408 | 2,400 |
Austria | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 4.9 | 6.1 | 10.3 | 16.8 | 21.1 | 24.0 | 25.6 | 27.7 | 32.4 | 52.6 | 96 | 187 | 412 |
Belgium | 574 | 1,037 | 1,997 | 2,567 | |||||||||||||||||
Brazil | 5 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||
Bulgaria | 5.7 | 35 | 135 | 908 | |||||||||||||||||
Canada | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 10.0 | 11.8 | 13.9 | 16.7 | 20.5 | 25.8 | 32.7 | 94.57 | 281 | 559 | 765 |
Chile | 4 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||
China | 19 | 23.5 | 42 | 52 | 62 | 70 | 80 | 100 | 140 | 300 | 800 | 3,300 | 7,000 | ||||||||
Croatia | 0 | 0.2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Cyprus | 3.3 | 6.2 | 9 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||
Czech | 463.3 | 1,952 | 1,959 | 2,085 | |||||||||||||||||
Denmark | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 7 | 17 | 327 | |
Estonia | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |||||||||||||||||
Finland | 0.1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
France | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 6.1 | 7.6 | 9.1 | 11.3 | 13.9 | 17.2 | 21.1 | 26.0 | 33.0 | 43.9 | 75.2 | 179.7 | 335.2 | 1,197 | 2,831 | 4,003 |
Germany | 5.6 | 8.9 | 12.4 | 17.7 | 27.8 | 41.8 | 53.8 | 69.4 | 113.7 | 194.6 | 278.0 | 431.0 | 1,034.0 | 1,926.0 | 2,759.0 | 3,835.5 | 5,340.0 | 9,959 | 17,193 | 24,678 | 32,411 |
Greece | 55 | 205.4 | 631 | 1,536 | |||||||||||||||||
Hungary | 0.65 | 1.75 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
India | 161 | 461 | 1,205 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ireland | 0.1 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Israel | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 3.0 | 24.5 | 69.9 | 189.7 | 250 | ||||||||||||
Italy | 8.5 | 12.1 | 14.1 | 15.8 | 16.0 | 16.7 | 17.7 | 18.5 | 19.0 | 20.0 | 22.0 | 26.0 | 30.7 | 37.5 | 50.0 | 120.2 | 458.3 | 1,181 | 3,502 | 12,803 | 16,250 |
Japan | 19.0 | 24.3 | 31.2 | 43.4 | 59.6 | 91.3 | 133.4 | 208.6 | 330.2 | 452.8 | 636.8 | 859.6 | 1,132.0 | 1,421.9 | 1,708.5 | 1,918.9 | 2,144 | 2,627 | 3,618 | 4,914 | 7,000 |
Korea | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 8.5 | 13.5 | 35.9 | 81.2 | 357.6 | 524.2 | 655.6 | 812.3 | 981 |
Latvia | 0 | 0.2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Lithuania | 0.07 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||
Luxembourg | 26.4 | 27.3 | 30 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||
Malaysia | 5.5 | 7.0 | 8.8 | 11.1 | 12.6 | 13.5 | 36 | ||||||||||||||
Malta | 1.53 | 1.67 | 12 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||
Mexico | 5.4 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 13.9 | 15.0 | 16.2 | 17.1 | 18.2 | 18.7 | 19.7 | 20.8 | 21.8 | 25.0 | 30 | 37 | 52 |
Netherlands | 1.3 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 6.5 | 9.2 | 12.8 | 20.5 | 26.3 | 45.7 | 49.2 | 50.7 | 52.2 | 52.8 | 57.2 | 67.5 | 88 | 130 | 256 |
Norway | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.3 | 8.66 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
Peru | 0 | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||
Poland | 1.38 | 1.75 | 3 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||
Portugal | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 17.9 | 68.0 | 102.2 | 150 | 184 | 223 |
Romania | 0.64 | 1.94 | 4 | 30 | |||||||||||||||||
Slovakia | 0.192 | 148 | 468 | 523 | |||||||||||||||||
Slovenia | 9.0 | 35 | 81 | 198 | |||||||||||||||||
South Africa | 1 | 41 | |||||||||||||||||||
Spain | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 7.0 | 12.0 | 23.0 | 48.0 | 145.0 | 693.0 | 3,354.0 | 3,438 | 3,915 | 4,260 | 5,100 | ||
Sweden | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 7.9 | 8.8 | 12 | 16 | 24 |
Switzerland | 4.7 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 7.5 | 8.4 | 9.7 | 11.5 | 13.4 | 15.3 | 17.6 | 19.5 | 21.0 | 23.1 | 27.1 | 29.7 | 36.2 | 47.9 | 73.6 | 111 | 211 | 410 |
Taiwan | 32 | 102 | 206 | ||||||||||||||||||
Thailand | 50 | 100 | 360 | ||||||||||||||||||
Turkey | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 6 | 7 | 9 | ||||||
Ukraine | 3 | 190 | 373 | ||||||||||||||||||
United Kingdom | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 5.9 | 8.2 | 10.9 | 14.3 | 18.1 | 22.5 | 29.6 | 77 | 976 | 1,830 |
USA | 43.5 | 50.3 | 57.8 | 66.8 | 76.5 | 88.2 | 100.1 | 117.3 | 138.8 | 167.8 | 212.2 | 275.2 | 376.0 | 479.0 | 624.0 | 830.5 | 1,168.5 | 1,255.7 | 2,528 | 4,383 | 7,221 |
Total | 105 | 130 | 158 | 192 | 237 | 305 | 386 | 510 | 1,425 | 1,753 | 2,220 | 2,820 | 3,952 | 5,364 | 6,946 | 9,521 | 16,229 | 23,605 | 40,670 | 71,061 | 102,156 |
2012
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2012 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2012 |
Wp/capita Total |
2012 Generation (GWh) |
Generation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 31,095 | 102,156 | |||||||
European Union | 4.4 | 16,515 | 16,520 | 163.4 | 68,484 | 68,647 | 138 | 68,059 | 2.60% |
Germany | 0.0 | 7,604 | 7,604 | 55.0 | 32,643 | 32,698 | 398 | 28,000 | 5.62% |
Italy | 1.0 | 3,577 | 3,578 | 11.0 | 16,350 | 16,361 | 273 | 18,800 | 6.70% |
China | 5,000 | 8,300 | 6 | 6,678 | 0.14% | ||||
United States | 3,346 | 7,777 | 24 | 9,750 | 0.25% | ||||
Japan | 2,000 | 7,000 | 55 | 6,600 | 0.77% | ||||
Spain | 1.3 | 193 | 194 | 7.3 | 4,492 | 4,517 | 110 | 8,169 | 2.84% |
France | 0.0 | 1,079 | 1,079 | 24.6 | 4,003 | 4,028 | 61 | 4,000 | 0.91% |
Belgium | 0.0 | 599 | 599 | 0.1 | 2,650 | 2,650 | 241 | 2,115 | 2.90% |
Australia | 1,000 | 2,400 | 105 | 2,800 | 1.23% | ||||
Czech Republic | 0 | 109 | 109 | 0.4 | 2,022 | 2,022 | 196 | 2,173 | 3.11% |
United Kingdom | 0 | 929 | 929 | 0 | 1,829 | 1,829 | 29 | 1,327 | 0.50% |
Greece | 0 | 912 | 912 | 7.0 | 1,536 | 1,543 | 1,239 | 4.26% | |
India | 980 | 1,205 | 1 | 2,115 | 0.33% | ||||
Korea | 252 | 1,064 | 22 | 920 | 0.20% | ||||
Bulgaria | 0.0 | 721 | 721 | 0.7 | 933 | 933 | 123 | 534 | 3.40% |
Canada | 268 | 765 | 22 | 860 | 0.17% | ||||
Slovakia | 0.0 | 30 | 30 | 0.1 | 517 | 517 | 95 | 500 | 1.99% |
Austria | 0.0 | 235 | 235 | 4.5 | 417 | 422 | 50 | 300 | 0.62% |
Switzerland | 200 | 410 | 53 | 370 | 0.64% | ||||
Denmark | 0.0 | 375 | 375 | 1.7 | 390 | 392 | 70 | 114 | 1.09% |
Ukraine | 188 | 373 | 8 | 410 | 0.31% | ||||
Thailand | 210 | 359 | 5 | 530 | 0.40% | ||||
Netherlands | 0.0 | 175 | 175 | 2.0 | 316 | 321 | 16 | 200 | 0.21% |
Israel | 60 | 250 | 31 | 310 | 0.68% | ||||
Portugal | 0.1 | 68 | 68 | 0.6 | 226 | 229 | 22 | 360 | 0.74% |
Slovenia | 0.0 | 117 | 117 | 24.6 | 217 | 217 | 97 | 121 | 1.70% |
Taiwan | 104 | 206 | 9 | ||||||
Mexico | 15 | 38 | 0.3 | 83 | 0.04% | ||||
Luxembourg | 0 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 47 | 47 | 59 | 30 | 0.44% |
South Africa | 40 | 41 | 0.08 | ||||||
Malaysia | 22 | 36 | 1 | 34 | 0.04% | ||||
Romania | 26 | 30 | 2 | ||||||
Sweden | 0.8 | 7 | 8 | 2.3 | 17 | 24 | 2 | 21 | 0.01% |
Malta | 0 | 12 | 12 | 5.0 | 19 | 19 | 29 | 14 | 0.89% |
Cyprus | 0 | 7 | 7 | 0.8 | 16 | 17 | 11 | 20 | 0.31% |
Brazil | 12 | 17 | 0.1 | ||||||
Peru | 15 | 15 | 0.5 | ||||||
Finland | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.0 | 0 | 11 | 8 | 0.00% | |
Norway | 0 | 9 | 7 | 0.01% | |||||
Turkey | 2 | 9 | 0.1 | 10 | 0.01% | ||||
Lithuania | 0 | 6 | 6 | 0.0 | 6 | 6.1 | 2 | 2 | 0.05% |
Chile | 2 | 6 | 0.3 | 2 | |||||
Hungary | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 3 | 3.74 | 5 | 0.01% | |
Poland | 1.1 | 0 | 1 | 3.3 | 1 | 3.4 | 0.1 | 4 | 0.00% |
Latvia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 1.51 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.01% |
Ireland | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.69 | 0 | 0.01% | |
Croatia | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.04 | ||||||
Estonia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.00% |
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2011 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2012 |
Wp/capita Total |
2012 Generation (GWh) |
Generation % |
2011
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2011 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2011 |
Wp/capita Total |
2011 Generation (GWh) |
Module Price US$/Wp |
System Cost US$/Wp |
Feed-in Tariff US$/kW·h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 29,655 | 69,684 | 10 | ||||||||
European Union | 10.3 | 21,518 | 21,529 | 166.7 | 51,191 | 51,357 | 102.2 | 44,800 | |||
Germany | 5 | 7,500 | 7,505 | 55 | 24,820 | 24,875 | 304.3 | 19,000 | |||
Italy | 0 | 9,280 | 9,280 | 13.5 | 12,750 | 12,764 | 210.5 | 10,730 | |||
Japan | 4.48 | 1,291.3 | 1,295.8 | 103.3 | 4,810.7 | 4,913.7 | 39 | ||||
United States | 1,867 | 1,867 | 3,965 | 4,383 | 13.8 | 1.28-1.67 | 3.62-6.14[16] | ||||
Spain | 1 | 354 | 355 | 23.3 | 4,191 | 4,214 | 91.3 | 7,912 | |||
People's Republic of China | 15 | 2,485 | 2,500 | 118 | 3,166 | 3,300 | 2.4 | ||||
France | 0.1 | 1,634 | 1,634 | 29.4 | 2,802 | 2,831 | 43.5 | 1,800 | |||
Czech Republic | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 1,959 | 1,959 | 186.0 | 2,118 | |||
Belgium | 0 | 776 | 776 | 0.1 | 1,812 | 1,812 | 165.5 | 1,282 | |||
Australia | 76 | 761 | 837 | 163.78 | 1244.16 | 1,407.9 | 56.4 | ||||
United Kingdom | 0.3 | 937 | 937 | 2.3 | 1,012 | 1,014 | 16.2 | 259 | |||
South Korea | 0 | 156.7 | 156.7 | 6 | 806.3 | 812.3 | 15.4 | ||||
Greece | 0.1 | 426 | 426 | 7 | 624 | 631 | 55.8 | 544 | |||
Canada | 364 | 563 | 16.6 | ||||||||
Slovakia | 0.1 | 314 | 314 | 0.1 | 488 | 488 | 89.8 | 400 | |||
India | 300 | 461 | 0.4 | ||||||||
Switzerland | 126 | 260 | 32 | ||||||||
Israel | 130 | 190 | 23.9 | ||||||||
Austria | 0.69 | 90.98 | 91.64 | 4.5 | 182.67 | 187.17 | 20.7 | 163 | |||
Portugal | 0.1 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 3.2 | 140 | 144 | 13.5 | 265 | |||
Ukraine | 188 | 190 | 4.1 | ||||||||
Bulgaria | 0.4 | 100 | 100 | 0.7 | 132 | 133 | 17.7 | 120 | |||
Netherlands | 0 | 30 | 30 | 5 | 113 | 118 | 7.1 | 86 | |||
Taiwan | 70 | 102 | 4.4 | ||||||||
Thailand | 50 | 100[17] | |||||||||
Slovenia | 0 | 44.9 | 44.9 | 0.1 | 90.3 | 90.4 | 44.1 | 60 | |||
South Africa | 1 | 41 | 0.8 | ||||||||
Mexico | 10 | 40 | 0.4 | ||||||||
Brazil | 5 | 32 | 0.2 | ||||||||
Luxembourg | 0 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0 | 30.6 | 30.6 | 59.9 | 21 | |||
Sweden | 0.73 | 3.59 | 4.31 | 6.48 | 9.27 | 15.75 | 2.0 | 15.0 | |||
Denmark | 0.2 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 0.8 | 15.88 | 16.68 | 3.0 | 12.0 | |||
Malta | 0 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 0 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 27.4 | 17.5 | |||
Finland | 1.5 | 0 | 1.5 | 11 | 0.2 | 11.2 | 2.1 | 8.0 | |||
Malaysia | 0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 11 | 2.5 | 13.5 | 0.4 | ||||
Cyprus | 0.1 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 0.7 | 9.3 | 10.1 | 12.5 | 12.0 | |||
Turkey | 5 | 6 | 0.1 | ||||||||
Hungary | 0.2 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 0.4 | 3.3 | |||
Romania | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.6 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 0.1 | 2.0 | |||
Poland | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 1.7 | |||
Latvia | 0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.7 | ||||
Ireland | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.5 | |||
Estonia | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |||
Lithuania | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | |||
Norway | 0 | 0.1 | 0.02 | ||||||||
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2011 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2011 |
Wp/capita Total |
2011 Generation (GWh) |
Module Price US$/Wp |
System Cost US$/Wp |
Feed-in Tariff US$/kW·h |
2010
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2010 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2010 |
Wp/capita Total |
Module Price US$/Wp |
Feed-in Tariff US$/kW·h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 16,735 | 39,778 | |||||||
European Union | 9.8 | 13,013 | 13,023 | 29,173 | 154.4 | 29,328 | 58.5 | ||
Germany | 5 | 7,406 | 7,411 | 50 | 17,320 | 17,370 | 212.3 | ||
Spain | 1 | 369 | 370 | 21.1 | 3,787 | 3,808 | 82.8 | ||
Japan | 4.2 | 986.8 | 991.0 | 98.8 | 3,519 | 3,618 | 28.3 | ||
Italy | 0.1 | 2,321 | 2,321 | 13.5 | 3,465 | 3,478 | 57.6 | ||
United States | 31 | 887 | 918 | 440 | 2,094 | 2,534 | 8.1 | 1.48-2.36 | |
Czech Republic | 0 | 1,490 | 1,490 | 0.4 | 1,952.7 | 1,953 | 185.9 | ||
France | 0.1 | 719.0 | 719.1 | 29.4 | 1,025 | 1,054 | 16.3 | ||
People's Republic of China | 520.0 | 893.0 | |||||||
Belgium | 0 | 213.4 | 213.4 | 0.1 | 787.4 | 787.5 | 72.6 | ||
South Korea | 0 | 131.2 | 131.2 | 6.0 | 649.6 | 655.6 | 13.4 | ||
Australia | 3.8 | 379.5 | 383.3 | 87.8 | 483.1 | 570.9 | 25.2 | ||
Canada | 24.9 | 171.7 | 196.6 | 60.1 | 231.0 | 291.1 | 8.4 | ||
Greece | 0.1 | 150.3 | 150.4 | 6.9 | 198.5 | 205.4 | 18.2 | ||
India | 69.0 | 189.0 | |||||||
Switzerland | 0.2 | 25.5 | 25.7 | 4 | 69.6 | 73.6 | 9.7 | 3.0-3.5 | 14.7 |
Netherlands | 0.091 | 10.58 | 10.67 | 5 | 62.5 | 67.5 | 4.1 | ||
Austria | 0.25 | 19.96 | 20.21 | 3.61 | 48.99 | 52.60 | 6.4 | 3.0-3.2 | 26.4 |
United Kingdom | 0.155 | 6.922 | 7.077 | 0 | 26.4 | 26.4 | 0.4 | ||
Mexico | 2.47 | 0.80 | 3.27 | 23.72 | 1.30 | 25.02 | 0.2 | 4-5 | <36.2 |
Israel | 0.5 | 21 | 21.5 | 2.9 | 21.63 | 24.53 | 3.4 | 3.6-5.1 | 12.5 |
Portugal | 0.2 | 14.25 | 14.45 | 2.841 | 15.03 | 17.87 | 1.7 | 2.1-4.2 | 10.3-19.2 |
Malaysia | 2 | 0.287 | 2.287 | 10 | 1.063 | 11.06 | 0.4 | 3.71 | <13.5 |
Slovenia | 0 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 0.1 | 8.9 | 9.0 | 4.1 | ||
Sweden | 0.338 | 0.516 | 0.854 | 5.169 | 3.595 | 8.764 | 1.0 | 2.4-6.5 | 18.3-20.9 |
Norway | 0.32 | 0 | 0.32 | 8.530 | 0.132 | 8.662 | 1.9 | 11.1–14.3 | |
Finland | 2.0 | 0 | 2.0 | 7.5 | 0.2 | 7.6 | 1.4 | ||
Luxembourg | 0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 0 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 52.4 | ||
Bulgaria | 0 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 0 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 0.8 | ||
Denmark | 0.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.540 | 4.025 | 4.565 | 0.8 | 2.8-4.7 | 37.5 |
Turkey | 0.9 | 0.1 | 1 | 4.5 | 0.5 | 5 | 0.1 | 2.8-4.2 | 13.3 |
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2010 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2010 |
Wp/capita Total |
Module Price US$/Wp |
Feed-in Tariff US$/kW·h |
2009
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2009 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2009 |
Wp/capita Total |
Module Price US$/Wp |
Feed-in Tariff US$/kW·h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 75 | 6,113 | 6,188 | 837 | 19,543 | 20,381 | |||
Germany | 5 | 3,840 | 3,845 | 45 | 9,800 | 9,845 | 119.6 | 2.1-3.5 | 31.5 |
Spain | 0 | 60 | 60 | 31 | 3,492 | 3,523 | 76.1 | 1.6-3.5 | |
Japan | 3.8 | 479.2 | 483.0 | 95 | 2,533 | 2,627 | 20.7 | 4.3 | 19.1-25.8 |
United States | 40 | 433.1 | 473.1 | 410 | 1,232 | 1,642 | 5.3 | 1.85-2.2 | 10.4 |
Italy | 0 | 723 | 723 | 13 | 1168 | 1,181 | 20.3 | 2.2-3.0 | 23.6 |
South Korea | 0 | 84.4 | 84.4 | 5.9 | 436.0 | 441.9 | 9.1 | 1.9-2.0 | 13.3-19.6 |
France | 0.2 | 250 | 250.2 | 23 | 407 | 430 | 6.7 | 1.5-2.8 | |
Australia | 10.56 | 68.57 | 79.13 | 83.91 | 99.7 | 183.65 | 8.3 | 2.3-4.7 | 10.2-15.6 |
Portugal | 0.1 | 34.15 | 34.25 | 3.05 | 99.15 | 102.2 | 9.5 | 2.1-4.2 | 10.3-19.2 |
Canada | 7.71 | 54.14 | 61.85 | 35.2 | 59.37 | 94.57 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 6.1 |
Switzerland | 0.2 | 25.5 | 25.7 | 4 | 69.6 | 73.6 | 9.7 | 3.0-3.5 | 14.7 |
Netherlands | 0.091 | 10.58 | 10.67 | 5 | 62.5 | 67.5 | 4.1 | ||
Austria | 0.25 | 19.96 | 20.21 | 3.61 | 48.99 | 52.60 | 6.4 | 3.0-3.2 | 26.4 |
United Kingdom | 0.155 | 6.922 | 7.077 | 1.75 | 27.85 | 29.59 | 0.4 | ||
Mexico | 2.47 | 0.80 | 3.27 | 23.72 | 1.30 | 25.02 | 0.2 | 4-5 | <36.2 |
Israel | 0.5 | 21 | 21.5 | 2.9 | 21.63 | 24.53 | 3.4 | 3.6-5.1 | 12.5 |
Malaysia | 2 | 0.287 | 2.287 | 10 | 1.063 | 11.06 | 0.4 | 3.71 | <13.5 |
Sweden | 0.338 | 0.516 | 0.854 | 5.169 | 3.595 | 8.764 | 1.0 | 2.4-6.5 | 18.3-20.9 |
Norway | 0.32 | 0 | 0.32 | 8.530 | 0.132 | 8.662 | 1.9 | 11.1–14.3 | |
Turkey | 0.9 | 0.1 | 1 | 4.5 | 0.5 | 5 | 0.1 | 2.8-4.2 | 18.0 |
Denmark | 0.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.540 | 4.025 | 4.565 | 0.8 | 2.8-4.7 | 37.5 |
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2009 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2009 |
Wp/capita Total |
Module Price US$/Wp |
Feed-in Tariff US$/kW·h |
2008
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2008 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2008 |
Wp/capita Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 68.56 | 5,490.4 | 5,558.9 | 740.6 | 12,683 | 13,424 | |
Germany | 4.5 | 1,500 | 1,504.5 | 40 | 5,300 | 5,340 | 64.7 |
Spain | 1 | 60 | 2,661 | 31 | 3,323 | 3,354 | 77.1 |
Japan | 0.7 | 224.6 | 225.3 | 90.8 | 2,053 | 2,144 | 16.8 |
United States | 45 | 293 | 338 | 370 | 798.5 | 1,168.5 | 3.9 |
Italy | 0.2 | 337.9 | 338.1 | 13.3 | 445 | 458.3 | 7.8 |
South Korea | 0 | 276.3 | 276.3 | 5.9 | 351.6 | 357.5 | 7.3 |
France | 0.4 | 104.1 | 104.5 | 22.9 | 156.8 | 179.7 | 2.9 |
Australia | 6.9 | 15.1 | 22.0 | 73.3 | 31.2 | 104.5 | 5.1 |
Portugal | 0.1 | 49.98 | 50.08 | 2.941 | 65.01 | 67.95 | 6.7 |
Netherlands | 0.21 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 52 | 57.2 | 3.5 |
Switzerland | 0.2 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 3.8 | 44 | 47.9 | 6.4 |
Canada | 4.62 | 2.33 | 6.94 | 27.48 | 5.24 | 32.7 | 1.0 |
Austria | 0.13 | 4.55 | 4.69 | 3.36 | 29.03 | 32.39 | 4.0 |
United Kingdom | 0.12 | 4.3 | 4.42 | 1.59 | 20.92 | 22.51 | 0.3 |
Mexico | 0.80 | 0.20 | 1.00 | 21.25 | 0.50 | 21.75 | 0.2 |
Malaysia | 1.6 | 0.135 | 1.76 | 8 | 0.776 | 8.776 | 0.4 |
Norway | 0.35 | 0 | 0.35 | 8.210 | 0.132 | 8.342 | 1.8 |
Sweden | 0.275 | 10.403 | 1.678 | 4.83 | 3.08 | 7.91 | 0.9 |
Turkey | 0.675 | 0.075 | 0.75 | 3.75 | 0.25 | 4 | 0.06 |
Denmark | 0.55 | 0.135 | 0.190 | 0.440 | 2.825 | 3.265 | 0.8 |
Israel | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.21 | 2.4 | 0.62 | 3.03 | 0.4 |
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2009 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2009 |
Wp/capita Total |
2007
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2007 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2007 |
Wp/capita Total |
Module Price €/Wp |
kW·h/kWp·yr Insolation |
Feed-in Tariff EU¢/kW·h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 127.9 | 2,130 | 2,258 | 662.3 | 7,178 | 7,841 | 2.5–11.2 | 800–2,902 | 0–59.3 | |
Germany[20][21] | 35 | 1,100 | 1,135 | 35 | 3,827 | 3,862 | 46.8 | 4.0–5.3 | 1,000–1,300[22] | 51.8–56.8 |
Japan[21][23] | 1.562 | 208.8 | 210.4 | 90.15 | 1,829 | 1,919 | 15 | 2.96 | 1,200–1,600 | Ended(2005) |
United States[21][24] | 55 | 151.5 | 206.5 | 325 | 505.5 | 830.5 | 2.8 | 2.98 | 900–2,150[22] | 1.2–31.04(CA) |
Spain ?[21] | 22 | 490 | 512 | 29.8 | 625.2 | 655 | 15.1 | 3.0–4.5 | 1,600–2,200 | 18.38–44.04 |
Italy[21][25] | 0.3 | 69.9 | 70.2 | 13.1 | 107.1 | 120.2 | 2.1 | 3.2–3.6 | 1,400–2,200 | 36.0–49.0 |
Australia[21][26] | 5.91 | 6.28 | 12.19 | 66.45 | 16.04 | 82.49 | 4.1 | 4.5–5.4 | 1,450–2,902[27] | 0–26.4(SA'08) |
South Korea[21][28] | 0 | 42.87 | 42.87 | 5.943 | 71.66 | 77.60 | 1.6 | 3.50–3.84 | 1,500–1,600 | 56.5–59.3 |
France[21][29] | 0.993 | 30.31 | 31.30 | 22.55 | 52.68 | 75.23 | 1.2 | 3.2–5.1 | 1,100–2,000 | 30.0–55.0 |
Netherlands[21][30] | 0.582 | 1.023 | 1.605 | 5.3 | 48 | 53.3 | 3.3 | 3.3–4.5 | 1,000–1,200 | 1.21–9.7 |
Switzerland[21][31] | 0.2 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 3.6 | 32.6 | 36.2 | 4.9 | 3.18–3.30 | 1,200–2,000 | 9.53–50.8 |
Austria ?[21] | 0.055 | 2.061 | 2.116 | 3.224 | 24.48 | 27.70 | 3.4 | 3.6–4.3 | 1,200–2,000 | >0 |
Canada[21][32] | 3.888 | 1.403 | 5.291 | 22.86 | 2.911 | 25.78 | 0.8 | 3.76 | 900–1,750 | 0–29.48(ON) |
Mexico ?[21] | 0.869 | 0.15 | 1.019 | 20.45 | 0.3 | 20.75 | 0.2 | 5.44–6.42 | 1,700–2,600 | None |
United Kingdom[21][33] | 0.16 | 3.65 | 3.81 | 1.47 | 16.62 | 18.09 | 0.3 | 3.67–5.72 | 900–1,300 | 0–11.74(exprt) |
Portugal ?[34] | 0.2 | 14.25 | 14.45 | 2.841 | 15.03 | 17.87 | 1.7 | 1,600–2,200 | ||
Norway[21][35] | 0.32 | 0.004 | 0.324 | 7.86 | 0.132 | 7.992 | 1.7 | 11.2 | 800–950 | None |
Sweden[21][36] | 0.271 | 1.121 | 1.392 | 4.566 | 1.676 | 6.242 | 0.7 | 3.24–7.02 | 900–1,050 | None |
Denmark[21][37] | 0.05 | 0.125 | 0.175 | 0.385 | 2.69 | 3.075 | 0.6 | 5.36–8.04 | 900–1,100 | None |
Israel[21][38] | 0.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 1.794 | 0.025 | 1.819 | 0.3 | 4.3 | 2,200–2,400 | 13.13–16.40 |
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2007 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 2007 |
Wp/capita Total |
Module Price €/Wp |
kW·h/kWp·yr Insolation |
Feed-in Tariff EU¢/kW·h |
Notes: Off grid refers to photovoltaics which are not grid connected. On grid means connected to the local electricity grid. Δ means the amount installed during the previous year. Σ means the total amount installed. Wp/capita refers to the ratio of total installed capacity divided by total population, or total installed Wp per person. Module price is average installed price, in Euros. kW·h/kWp·yr indicates the range of insolation to be expected. While National Report(s) may be cited as source(s) within an International Report, any contradictions in data are resolved by using only the most recent report's data. Exchange rates represent the 2006 annual average of daily rates (OECD Main Economic Indicators June 2007).
Module Price: Lowest:2.5 EUR/Wp[21] (2.83 USD/Wp[39]) in Germany 2003. Uncited insolation data is from maps dating 1991–1995.
PV Power (2007-June)[34][40] IEA PVPS website.
2006
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
Cells Made |
Modules Made |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2006 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 06 |
Wp/capita Total |
Module Price €/Wp |
kW·h/kWp·yr Insolation |
Feed-in Tariff EU¢/kW·h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 2,523 | 2,092 | 97.48 | 1,452 | 1,549 | 712.7 | 5,150 | 5,862 | 0.879 | 2.5–11.2 | 0800-2902 | 0–59.3 |
European Union | 653.7 | 593.9 | 16.91 | 1,032 | 1,049 | 112.3 | 3,108 | 3,221 | 6.533 | 3.0–8.04 | 0800-2200 | 0–56.8 |
Germany[20][21] | 514.0 | 341.0 | 3 | 950 | 953 | 32 | 2,831 | 2,863 | 34.78 | 4.0–5.3 | 1000–1300[22] | 51.8–56.8 |
Japan[21][23] | 919.8 | 645.4 | 1.531 | 285.1 | 286.6 | 88.59 | 1,620 | 1,709 | 13.37 | 2.96 | 1200–1600 | Ended(2005) |
United States[21][24] | 201.6 | 200.5 | 37 | 108 | 145 | 270 | 354 | 624 | 2.058 | 2.98 | 0900-2150[22] | 1.2–31.04(CA) |
Spain ?[21] | 75.3 | 9.1 | 51.4 | 60.5 | 17.8 | 100.4 | 118.2 | 2.620 | 3.0–4.5 | 1600–2200 | 18.38–44.04 | |
People's Republic of China ?[21] | 380 | 510 | 15 | 15 | 73 | 73 | 0.055 | 1300–2300 | ||||
Australia[21][26] | 36.0 | 7.6 | 7.576 | 2.145 | 9.721 | 60.54 | 9.765 | 70.30 | 3.327 | 4.5–5.4 | 1450–2902[41] | 0–26.4(SA'08) |
Netherlands[21][30] | 18.0 | 2.6 | 0.278 | 1.243 | 1.521 | 5.713 | 46.99 | 52.71 | 3.217 | 3.3–4.5 | 1000–1200 | 1.21–9.7 |
Italy[21][25] | 11.0 | 27.0 | 0.5 | 12 | 12.5 | 12.8 | 37.2 | 50 | 0.846 | 3.2–3.6 | 1400–2200 | 36.0–49.0 |
France[21][29] | 33.5 | 36.0 | 1.478 | 9.412 | 10.89 | 21.55 | 22.38 | 43.93 | 0.685 | 3.2–5.1 | 1100–2000 | 30.0–55.0 |
South Korea[21][28] | 18.0 | 16.9 | 0.28 | 20.93 | 21.21 | 5.943 | 28.79 | 34.73 | 0.716 | 3.50–3.84 | 1500–1600 | 56.5–59.3 |
Thailand ?[21] | 20 | 6 | 6 | 30 | 30 | 0.477 | 2.5[20] | 2200–2400 | ||||
Switzerland[21][31] | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.15 | 2.5 | 2.65 | 3.4 | 26.3 | 29.7 | 3.955 | 3.18–3.30 | 1200–2000 | 9.53–50.8 |
Austria ?[21] | 0.274 | 1.29 | 1.564 | 3.169 | 22.42 | 25.59 | 3.076 | 3.6–4.3 | 1200–2000 | >0 | ||
Luxembourg ?[34] | 0.042 | 0.042 | 23.60 | 23.60 | 50.54 | 1100–1200 | ||||||
Canada[21][32] | 0 | 2.35 | 3.354 | 0.384 | 3.738 | 18.98 | 1.508 | 20.48 | 0.620 | 3.76 | 0900-1750 | 0–29.48(ON) |
Mexico ?[21] | 0.938 | 0.116 | 1.054 | 19.59 | 0.155 | 19.75 | 0.185 | 5.44–6.42 | 1700–2600 | None | ||
United Kingdom[21][33] | 1.9 | 89.4 | 0.376 | 3.007 | 3.383 | 1.3 | 12.96 | 14.26 | 0.232 | 3.67–5.72 | 0900-1300 | 0–11.74(exprt) |
India ?[21] | 43.4[42] | 65 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 12 | 0.010 | 1700–2500 | ||||
Norway[21][35] | 37.0 | 0 | 0.35 | 0.053 | 0.403 | 7.54 | 0.128 | 7.668 | 1.624 | 11.2 | 0800-0950 | None |
Greece[34][43] | 1.049 | 0.201 | 1.25 | 5.081 | 1.613 | 6.694 | 0.601 | 1500–1900 | 40.0–50.0 | |||
Sweden[21][36] | 0 | 55.4 | 0.302 | 0.301 | 0.613 | 4.285 | 0.555 | 4.84 | 0.529 | 3.24–7.02 | 0900-1050 | None |
Belgium ?[34] | 2.103 | 2.103 | 0.053 | 4.108 | 4.161 | 0.398 | 1000–1200 | |||||
Finland ?[34] | 0.064 | 0.064 | 3.779 | 0.287 | 4.066 | 0.768 | 0800-1050 | |||||
Bangladesh ?[21] | 1.134 | 1.134 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 0.023 | 1900–2100 | ||||||
Sri Lanka ?[21] | 0.65 | 0.65 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 0.187 | 2200–2400 | ||||||
Portugal ?[34] | 0.25 | 0.227 | 0.477 | 2.691 | 0.775 | 3.466 | 0.326 | 1600–2200 | ||||
Denmark[21][37] | 0 | 0.525 | 0.04 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.335 | 2.565 | 2.9 | 0.531 | 5.36–8.04 | 0900-1100 | None |
Nepal ?[21] | 0.333 | 0.333 | 2.333 | 2.333 | 0.083 | 1900–2200 | ||||||
Israel[21][38] | 0 | 0 | 0.275 | 0.275 | 1.294 | 0.025 | 1.319 | 0.183 | 4.3 | 2200–2400 | 13.13–16.40 | |
Cyprus ?[34] | 0.08 | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.45 | 0.526 | 0.976 | 1.142 | 1900–2200 | ||||
Czech Republic ?[34] | 42[21] | 0.241 | 0.241 | 0.15 | 0.621 | 0.771 | 0.075 | 1100–1300 | ||||
Malaysia[44]? | 0 | 0 | .00452 | 0.00452 | 0.486 | 0.486 | 0.018 | 4.73 | 1950–2250 | None | ||
Poland ?[34] | 0.027 | 0.087 | 0.114 | 0.319 | 0.112 | 0.431 | 0.011 | 1100–1300 | ||||
Slovenia ?[34] | 0.183 | 0.183 | 0.098 | 0.265 | 0.363 | 0.180 | 1300–1500 | |||||
Ireland ?[34] | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.070 | 1000–1200 | ||||||||
Bulgaria[43]? | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.026 | 1300–1800 | 38.5–40.0 | |||||
Hungary ?[34] | 0.09 | 0.065 | 0.155 | 0.015 | 1300–1500 | |||||||
Slovakia ?[34] | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.064 | 0.064 | 0.012 | 1200–1400 | ||||||
Malta ?[34] | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.048 | 0.048 | 0.118 | 2100–2200 | ||||||
Lithuania ?[34] | 0.023 | 0.023 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.012 | 1100–1300 | ||||||
Estonia ?[34] | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0.006 | 1100–1200 | ||||||
Latvia ?[34] | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 1100–1300 | ||||||
Taiwan ?[21] | 170 | 1700–1900 | ||||||||||
Philippines ?[21] | 63 | 1950–2250 | ||||||||||
South Africa ?[21] | 30 | 1950–2250 | ||||||||||
Country or Region Report Nat. Int. |
Cells Made |
Modules Made |
off grid Δ |
on grid Δ |
Installed 2006 |
off grid Σ |
on grid Σ |
Total 06 |
Wp/capita Total |
Module Price €/Wp |
kW·h/kWp·yr Insolation |
Feed-in Tariff EU¢/kW·h |
Notes: While National Report(s) may be cited as source(s) within an International Report, any contradictions in data are resolved by using only the most recent report's data. Exchange rates represent the 2006 annual average of daily rates (OECD Main Economic Indicators June 2007)
Module Price: Lowest:2.5 EUR/Wp[21] (2.83 USD/Wp[39]) in Germany 2003. Uncited insolation data is lifted from maps dating 1991–1995.
PV Power (2007-June)[34][40] IEA PVPS website.
2005
Country | PV Capacity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cumulative | Installed in 2005 | ||||
Off Grid PV [kW] | On Grid [kW] | Total [kW] | Total [kW] | Grid-tied [kW] | |
Germany | 29,000 | 1,400,000 | 1,429,000 | 635,000 | 632,000 |
Japan | 87,057 | 1,334,851 | 1,421,908 | 289,917 | 287,105 |
United States | 233,000 | 246,000 | 479,000 | 103,000 | 70,000 |
Australia | 41,841 | 8,740 | 60,581 | 8,280 | 1,980 |
Spain | 15,800 | 41,600 | 57,400 | 20,400 | 18,600 |
Netherlands | 4,919 | 45,857 | 50,776 | 1,697 | 1,547 |
Italy | 12,300 | 15,200 | 37,500* | 6,800 | 6,500 |
France | 20,076 | 12,967 | 33,043 | 7,020 | 5,900 |
Switzerland | 3,250 | 23,800 | 27,050 | 3,950 | 3,800 |
Austria | 2,895 | 21,126 | 24,021 | 2,961 | 2,711 |
Mexico | 18,654 | 40 | 18,694 | 513 | 30 |
Canada | 15,622 | 1,124 | 16,746 | 2,862 | 612 |
South Korea | 5,663 | 9,358 | 15,021 | 6,487 | 6,183 |
United Kingdom | 924 | 9,953 | 10,877 | 2,732 | 2,567 |
Norway | 7,177 | 75 | 7,252 | 362 | 0 |
Sweden | 3,983 | 254 | 4,237 | 371 | 0 |
Denmark | 295 | 2,355 | 2,650 | 360 | 320 |
Israel | 1,019 | 25 | 1,044 | 158 | 2 |
- * Original source gives these individual numbers and totals them to 37,500 kW. The 2004 reported total was 30,700 kW.[46] With new installations of 6,800 kW, this would give the reported 37,500 kW.
2004
Country | PV Capacity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cumulative | Installed in 2004 | ||||
Off-grid PV [KW] | Grid-connected [KW] | Total [KW] | Total [KW] | Grid-tied [KW] | |
Japan | 84,245 | 1,047,746 | 1,131,991 | 272,368 | 267,016 |
Germany | 26,000 | 768,000 | 794,000 | 363,000 | 360,000 |
United States | 189,600 | 175,600 | 365,200 | 90,000 | 62,000 |
Australia | 48,640 | 6,760 | 52,300 | 6,670 | 780 |
Netherlands | 4,769 | 44,310 | 49,079 | 3,162 | 3,071 |
Spain | 14,000 | 23,000 | 37,000 | 10,000 | 8,460 |
Italy | 12,000 | 18,700 | 30,700 | 4,700 | 4,400 |
France | 18,300 | 8,000 | 26,300 | 5,228 | 4,183 |
Switzerland | 3,100 | 20,000 | 23,100 | 2,100 | 2,000 |
Austria | 2,687 | 16,493 | 19,180 | 2,347 | 1,833 |
Mexico | 18,172 | 10 | 18,182 | 1,041 | 0 |
Canada | 13,372 | 512 | 13,884 | 2,054 | 107 |
Korea | 5,359 | 4,533 | 9,892 | 3,454 | 3,106 |
United Kingdom | 776 | 7,386 | 8,164 | 2,261 | 2,197 |
Norway | 6,813 | 75 | 6,888 | 273 | 0 |
See also
External links
References
- ↑ European Photovoltaic Industry Association (2012). "Market Report 2011".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 European Photovoltaic Industry Association (May 2012). "Global Market Outlook 2016".
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Global Market Outlook for Photovoltaics 2013-2017 (PDF), retrieved 26 June 2013
- ↑ Plumer, Brad (19 June 2012). "Are we wildly underestimating solar and wind power?". The Washington Post. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- ↑ Kaminska, Izabella (18 June 2012). "The exponential growth in solar consumption". The financial Times Ltd. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- ↑ Kurzweil, Ray (21 February 2011). "Climate change no problem, says futurist Ray Kurzweil". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 IEA PVPS Task 1 (2010), Trend Report 2008 (PDF), retrieved 7 May 2012
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 IEA PVPS Task 1 (2010), Trend Report 2009 (PDF), retrieved 28 March 2011
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 IEA PVPS Task 1 (2011), Preliminary Trend Report 2010 (PDF), retrieved 16 September 2011
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 EPIA Market Report (PDF), retrieved 23 February 2012
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Photovoltaic barometer
- ↑ International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power System Programme
- ↑ PVPS trends snapshot 2012
- ↑ Global Market Outlook for Photovoltaics 2013-2017
- ↑ EurObserv'ER
- ↑ National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in the USA 2011
- ↑ Trends Preview 2011
- ↑ BP Statistical World Energy Review 2011 (XLS), retrieved 8 August 2011
- ↑ EurObserv’ER 202: Photovoltaic Barometer
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Dr. Wissing, Lothar; Jülich, Forschungszentrum & Jülich, Projektträger (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Germany 2006 – Version 2" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Germany. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 21.10 21.11 21.12 21.13 21.14 21.15 21.16 21.17 21.18 21.19 21.20 21.21 21.22 21.23 21.24 21.25 21.26 21.27 21.28 21.29 21.30 21.31 21.32 21.33 21.34 21.35 21.36 21.37 21.38 21.39 21.40 21.41 21.42 21.43 21.44 21.45 21.46 21.47 Bründlinger, Roland; Cowley, Paul & Watt, Greg et al. (See:Table 11 – IEA PVPS Task 1 national report authors) (August 2007). "Trends in Photovoltaic Applications – Survey report of selected IEA countries between 1992 and 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – IEA PVPS T1-16:2007. Retrieved 5 November 2007.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Sherwood, Larry; Les Nelson, Fred Morse, Jeff Wolfe, Chris O’Brien (2006). "US Solar Industry – Year in Review – 2006" (PDF). Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) & the Prometheus Institute for Sustainable Development. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 Ikki, Osamu; Matsubara, Koji (25 May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Japan 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Japan. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 Pedigo, Susannah; Maycock, Paul D. & Bower, Ward (30 August 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in The United States of America 2006 – Version 14" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for the USA. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Guastella, Salvatore; Castello, Salvatore & Anna De Lillo (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Italy 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Italy. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Watt, Muriel (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Australia 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Australia. Retrieved 16 October 2007.
- ↑ Blakers, Andrew W. (2000). "Solar and Wind Electricity in Australia" (pdf). Australian Journal of Environmental Management, Vol 7, pp 223–236, 2000. Retrieved 3 September 2008.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 Yoon, Kyung-Hoon; Kim, Donghwan & Yoon, Kyung Shick (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Korea 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for the Republic of Korea. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 Claverie, André; Equer, Bernard (15 July 2007). "Solar Photovoltaic Electricity Applications in France National Survey Report 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for France. Retrieved 13 March 2008.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 Swens, Job (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in The Netherlands 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for the Netherlands. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 Hüsser, Pius; Hostettler, Thomas (May 2007). "National Survey Report on PV Power Applications in Switzerland 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Switzerland. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 Ayoub, Josef; Martel, Sylvain & Dr. Dignard-Bailey, Lisa (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Canada 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Canada. Retrieved 16 October 2007.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 Davidson, Sarah (October 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in the United Kingdom 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for the United Kingdom. Retrieved 16 March 2008.
- ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.7 34.8 34.9 34.10 34.11 34.12 34.13 34.14 34.15 34.16 34.17 34.18 EurObserv'ER, (Includes Some Discredited/Preliminary Sources) (April 2007). "EurObserv’ER – Photovoltaic Energy Barometer" (PDF). Systèmes Solaires – Le Journal des Énergies Renouvelables n° 178: 49–70. Retrieved 7 September 2007.
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 Bugge, Lars; Salvesen, Fritjof (30 May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Norway 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Norway. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 Malm, Ulf; Stolt, Lars (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Sweden 2006" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Sweden. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 Ahm, Peter (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Denmark 2006 – Version 04" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Denmark. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 Dr. Siderer, Yona; Dann, Roxana (May 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Israel 2006 – Version 14" (PDF). IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Israel. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 FRB: G.5A Release-- Foreign Exchange Rates, Release Dates
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 EurObserv'ER, (Includes Some Discredited/Preliminary Sources) (April 2007). "EurObserv’ER – Photovoltaic Energy Barometer" (ASP). Systèmes Solaires – Le Journal des Énergies Renouvelables n° 178: 49–70. Retrieved 7 September 2007.
- ↑ Blakers, Andrew W. (2000). "Solar and Wind Electricity in Australia" (– Scholar search). Australian Journal of Environmental Management, Vol 7, pp 223–236, 2000. Archived from the original on 31 August 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2008.
- ↑ Prometheus Institute, Preliminary Data Hearsay Reference (April 2007). "Eco-Economy Indicators: SOLAR POWER – Data – 23rd Annual Data Collection – Final". PVNews, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 8–9. Retrieved 14 April 2008.
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 Dr. Zachariou, Alexander (19 April 2007). "PV Market and Industry in the Balkans". PV Med – Presentations Day 2. Retrieved 14 March 2008.
- ↑ Gulabrai, Lalchand; Ruoss, Daniel; Chen, Wei-nee; Ir Ahmad Hadri Haris (April 2007). "National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in Malaysia 2006 – Version 14". IEA – PVPS Programme – NSRs for Malaysia. Retrieved 20 October 2007.
- ↑ Table 1: Installed PV power in reporting IEA PVPS countries as of the end of 2005
- ↑ Total photovoltaic power installed in IEA PVPS countries accessed 24 July 2007
- ↑ Total photovoltaic power installed in IEA PVPS countries