Grand Ronde Community

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The Grand Ronde Community is an Indian reservation located on several non-contiguous sections of land in southwestern Yamhill County and northwestern Polk County, Oregon, United States, about 18 miles (29 km) east of Lincoln City, near the community of Grand Ronde. Various tribes and bands from all parts of Western Oregon were removed from their homes in the mid-19th century and placed on this reservation. It is owned by the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon. The reservation has a land area of 16.384 sq mi (42.434 km²) and a 2000 census resident population of 55 persons.

Geography

Grand Ronde Reservation is located near 45°08′50″N 123°38′44″W / 45.14722°N 123.64556°W / 45.14722; -123.64556Coordinates: 45°08′50″N 123°38′44″W / 45.14722°N 123.64556°W / 45.14722; -123.64556.[1]

Historical summary

  • Since 6,000 B.C. or earlier, the Rogue River, Umpqua, Chasta, Kalapuya, Molalla, Salmon River, Tillamook, and Nestucca Indians lived in their traditional homelands
  • 1854–1857: In the wake of the Rogue River Wars, the Grand Ronde reservation established by treaty arrangements in 1854 and 1855 and an Executive Order of June 30, 1857
  • 1856: Fort Yamhill built next to reservation
  • 1860's: Arrival of the Belgian Catholic missionary Father Adrien Croquet (renamed Crockett), uncle of the famous Cardinal Mercier - later followed by his nephew Joseph Mercier. The non-ordained Joseph married into a local tribe, and many present-day tribespeople are among his descendants.[2]
  • 1887: the General Allotment Act makes allotments to individuals totaling slightly over 33,000 acres (130 km²) of Reservation land. Most of this ends up in the hands of non-Indians.
  • 1901: U.S. Inspector James McLaughlin declared a 25,791 acre (104.4 km²) tract of the reservation "surplus" and the U.S. sold it for $1.16 per acre ($287/km²).
  • 1936: Indian Reorganization Act enables the Tribe to re-purchase some land for homes
  • 1954: Termination Act
  • 1983: Grand Ronde Restoration Act: On November 22, 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed the Grand Ronde Restoration Act.
  • 1988: Tribe regains 9,811 acres (39.7 km²). This is now about 10,052 acres (45 km²).

Footnotes

  1. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23. 
  2. ↑ Fr. Cawley Martinus, Father Crockett of Grand Ronde: Adrien-Joseph Croquet, 1818–1902, Oregon Missionary, 1860–1898

Further reading

  • C.F. Coan, "The Adoption of the Reservation Policy in Pacific Northwest, 1853–1855," Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society, vol. 23, no. 1 (March 1922), pp. 1–38. In JSTOR.
  • Melinda Marie Jetté, "'Beaver Are Numerous, but the Natives ... Will Not Hunt Them': Native-Fur Trader Relations in the Willamette Valley, 1812–1814," Pacific Northwest Quarterly, vol. 98, no. 1 (Winter 2006/2007), pp. 3–17. In JSTOR.
  • Tracy Neal Leavelle, "'We Will Make It Our Own Place': Agriculture and Adaptation at the Grand Ronde Reservation, 1856–1887," American Indian Quarterly, vol. 22, no. 4 (Autumn 1998), pp. 433–456. In JSTOR.
  • Ronald Spores, "Too Small a Place: The Removal of the Willamette Valley Indians, 1850–1856," American Indian Quarterly, vol. 17, no. 2 (Spring 1993), pp. 171–191. In JSTOR.

External links

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