Gradislav Vojšić

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Gradislav Vojšić
Градислав Војшић
Čelnik of the Serbian Kingdom:
fl. 1284 (1st time)
fl. 1327 (2nd time)
Predecessor

  • Unknown (1st time)
  • Đuraš Ilijić (2nd time)
Successor

  • Branko (1st time)
  • ? (2nd time)
Detail
Titles and styles
  • čelnik[b]
Noble family Vojšić
Born mid 13th-century[1]
Serbian Kingdom
Died after 1327[1]

Gradislav Vojšić, known as Čelnik Gradislav (Serbian: Градислав Војшић, челник Градислав[a]; fl. 1284-1327), was a Serbian nobleman who served under the Serbian Kings Stephen Uroš II Milutin (r. 1282–1321) and Stephen Uroš III (r. 1322–1331). He was the first known čelnik of the Serbian court, in the nearest circle of the King, mentioned serving the first time in 1284 and the second time in 1327. The čelnik was entrusted with the security of Church property from the nobility, and appeared in the role of a judge or executor of the King's decisions, in disputes between the Church and the nobility.

Life

Gradislav is mentioned in 1284, as serving under King Stephen Milutin as čelnik.[2] The latter account also mentions a gift worth 400 perpers to the King, and 26 perpers to Gradislav.[3] Gradislav is the first known čelnik (челник, roughly "head, chief")[b] that served a Serbian ruler.[4] He was in the nearest circle of the King, and served at the royal court.[3] In an edict dated March 1304,[5] a Branko is mentioned for the first time as čelnik under King Stephen Milutin, and is still in this position in an edict dated 1319.[6]

In 1320, Stephen Uroš III (Milutin's son) returned from a 6-year exile at the Byzantine court in Constantinople, and received the appanage of Budimlje,[7] while his half-brother and crown heir Stephen Constantine was titled "King of Zeta".[8] King Milutin became ill and died on October 29, 1321, and Constantine was crowned King.[9] Stephen Uroš III invaded Zeta after Constantine refused to submit the throne to him, and killed Constantine during the ensuing war.[9]

Next, Đuraš Ilijić served Stephen Uroš III as čelnik (mentioned lastly in 1326).[10] The next year, Gradislav is mentioned as serving as čelnik under Stephen Uroš III.[1][10]

In 1327, the hegumen of the Hilandar Monastery, Gervasije, arrived at the court of King Stephen Uroš III, because of a quarrel regarding the boundaries between the metochion (church-dependent territory) of Hilandar and the county of the Hardomilić brothers Dmitar and Borislav (tepčija Hardomil's sons); the latter had taken a tract of land ("hills and the ground") between the village of Kosorić and the Kosorić monastery, which both parts claimed as theirs.[1][11] Gradislav was sent to arbitrate the case, and was joined by twelve local elders that would show the exact boundaries between the parts.[12] The tract of land was in fact part of the Hilandar metochion of Kosorić, and after the boundaries were marked in the favour of Hilandar, hegumen Gervasije, on his own will, decided to give the brothers a piece of land that belonged to the Českovo monastery.[13] On September 6, 1327, King Uroš III issued an edict with a gold seal at Svrčin, written by logotet Rajko, about the events.[11][14]

See also

  • Gradislav Borilović (fl. 1325-1352), military commander and treasurer in the service of Stephen Uroš III and Stephen Dušan
  • Tepčija Gradislav

Annotations

  1. ^ Name: His name was Gradislav Vojšić (Градислав Војшић; Archaic: „Градислав Воишик“[15]). He was commonly known as Čelnik Gradislav (челник Градислав; in English: Chief or Head Gradislav).
  2. ^ čelnik (челник): Court title. Literally meaning "head, chief". The title holder in its early form, was entrusted with the security of property belonging to the Church from the aristocrats, so the holder appeared in the role of a judge or executor of the ruler's decisions, in disputes between the church and the nobility.[16] At that time it was of a higher rank than stavilac,[17] but lower than kaznac and tepčija, with vojvoda being the supreme title.[18]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Лесковац-Форишковић-Попов 2004, p. 765-: "Градислав Војшић, властелин, челник (?, сре- дина XIII в. — Србија, после 1327) Са функцијом челника припадао је дворском особљу краља Стефана Уроша III Дечанског. Вла- дар га је послао 1327. да као пристав суделује у суђењу о ..."
  2. ↑ Blagojević-Medaković-Ljušić-Popov 2000, p. 191: "Један од челника краља Милутина звао се Градислав (1284), а други знатно касније Бранко (1305)."
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Blagojevic 2001, p. 210: "1284. године да учине поклон краљу од 400 перпера, а истовремено и да обдаре његовог челника Градислава (Gradislauo, celnico suo) поклоном у вредности 26 перпера."
  4. ↑ Blagojevic 2001: "Колико је до сада могло да се утврди, најстарији познати челник у служби српских владара звао се Градислав и био је у служби краља Милутина већ на почетку његове владавине."
  5. ↑ Kovačević 1888, p. 14: "Челник Бранко, коди се помиъье на повсьи краьа Милутина од 15. Марта 1304.,"
  6. ↑ Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti 1934, p. 52: "манастиру Ртачке Богородице јасно се раз- ликују присутни од сведока: „И ту бише са краљевством ми властеле: архијепискуп барски Марин и казнац Мирослав и јепискуп хлмски Јован и јепискуп зетски Михаил и челник Бранко, дед Мирослав, ..." ;; Šarkić 1996, p. 66: "повељи краља Милутина манастиру свете Богороди- це Ртачке од 1319. године, наводе се казнац, челник и дед."
  7. ↑ Fine 1994, p. 262
  8. ↑ Fine 1994, p. 263
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Fine 1994, p. 264
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Blagojevic 2001, p. 211: "челник Градислав"
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Bozanic, p. 1
  12. ↑ Blagojevic 2001: "У том циљу челник Градислав је отишао до манастирског метоха, вероватно не сам, па је позвао 12 „старинаца" - старијих људи из сусе- дства - и наредио да покажу тачно где су међе. Стариници су то и учинили, па су сви међници забележени"
  13. ↑ Bozanic, p. 5
  14. ↑ Prilozi za književnost, jezik, istoriju i folklor 1977, p. 68: "Шестог септембра 1327. године долазио је хиландарски игуман Гервасије код краља Стефана Дечанског због спора око међа са синовима тепчије Хардомила. Тада је одређен пристав Градислав Војшић и дванаест староседелаца жупљана, достојних да им се верује кад се закуну и покажу где је међа Косорића, а где хилан- дарског метоха (Законски споменици, стр. 397)"
  15. ↑ Matica Srpska 1980, p. 218: "ГраДИСЛАВ, ко.) и се помшье у време владавине Стефана Дечанског године 1327, ка- да ]е омеЬио меЬе измеЬу села Косорипа и хиландарског метоха: „И посла крал>евство ми Градисиава К о и ш I к а пристава"
  16. ↑ Ћирковић 1999, p. 813: "На двору краља Милутина 1284. године налазио се челник Градислав, а касније ( 1 305/06) челник Бранко. Овој категорији челника биће поверена заштита црквених земљопоседа од самовоље властеле, па се они појављују у улози судија или извршитеља владаревих одлука, када су у питању спорови између цркава и властеле."
  17. ↑ Mihaljčić 2001, pp. 15–28
  18. ↑ Blagojević 2001, p. 211

Sources

Court offices
First čelnik of the Serbian Kingdom
(under Stephen Milutin)
fl. 1284 		Succeeded by
Branko
Preceded by
Đuraš Ilijić		 čelnik of the Serbian Kingdom
(under Stephen Uroš III)
fl. 1327 		Succeeded by
Jovan Oliver
as veliki čelnik
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