Government of Romania

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The Government of Romania (Romanian: Guvernul României) forms one half of the country's executive branch (the other half being the President). It is headed by the Prime-Minister, and consists of the Ministries, various subordinated institutions and agencies, and the 42 Prefectures. The seat of the Romanian Government is at Victoria Palace in Bucharest.

History

Overview

Investiture

The procedure of investing a new Government is initiated by the President, who designates a candidate to the office of Prime Minister after consulting the party which holds a majority of seats in Parliament. If no such majority exists, the President consults all the parties represented in Parliament. Once nominated, the candidate establishes a list of members and a government platform; this is to be done in 10 days. The 10-day interval is not a strict deadline, rather it represents the time period deemed optimal to establish a competent legal Government. The expiry of this interval allows the President to revoke the candidate and designate a new one, though this is not mandatory.[1]

Once the candidate has formed a list and a program, he can ask for the Parliament's vote of confidence. The Parliament debates upon the matter in joint sitting, and can only reject proposals twice in a span of 60 days. If Parliament fails to approve a candidate within this time period, the President gains the right to dissolve it.[2]

Should the Parliament grant its vote of confidence, the proposed political platform becomes official, and the full list of Government must be confirmed by the President. The Government is then sworn in and begins its term.[3]And

Structure

Victoria Palace in Victory Square, Bucharest, is the seat of the Romanian government.

The Constitution of Romania provides for two basic types of members, namely ministers (miniştri) and the Prime Minister (primul-ministru). The statute of additional members is established by organic law. Current legislation establishes the positions of deputy prime minister (viceprim-ministru), state minister (ministru de stat) and ministers delegated with special tasks (miniştri delegaţi cu însărcinări speciale).[4] "State minister" is a senior position, the holder of which coordinates the activity of various ministries under the direction of the Prime Minister.[5]

The Prime Minister is the leader of Government and coordinates its activity. The working apparatus of the Government consists of the Prime-Minister's office, the General Secretariat of the Government and other departments and structures established through Government Decisions.[6]

The Prime Minister's office itself consists of the Prime Minister's Cabinet, the body of his state-secretaries and state-counselors, and the Prime Minister's Registry.

Role

The role of the Government is sanctioned by the Constitution and by relevant laws. The Government exercises "general leadership of the public administration",[7] elaborates strategies to implement the government platform, exercises legislative initiative, negotiates international treaties,[8] represents the Romanian state both internally and externally, names prefects[9] and presents information and documents to the Chambers of Parliament as requested.[10]

Relations with the Parliament

The Government answers exclusively to Parliament, both through compulsory information of Parliament and through questions, interpellations and inquiry committees. A Chamber of Parliament (Chamber of Deputies or Senate) may carry a simple motion with regards to the subject matter of an interpellation.[11] In extreme cases, the Parliament may vote a motion of censure, withdrawing its confidence and forcing the Government to resign.[12]

Through a special habilitation law, the Government may be enabled to issue ordinances (ordonanţe), which have the same legal force as ordinary laws. Ordinances are a form of legislative delegation, and may require approval in Parliament if the habilitation law states so. In extraordinary situations, in which regulation cannot be postponed, the Government may issue emergency ordinances (ordonanţe de urgenţă), which do not require habilitation laws but must be subjected to approval in Parliament before coming into force.[13]

The Cabinet

Main article: Cabinet of Romania
Cabinet office Name Party
Prime Minister Ponta, VictorVictor Ponta PSD
Viceprime-minister, Minister of Regional Development and Public Administration Dragnea, LiviuLiviu Dragnea PSD
Minister of Public Finance Chițoiu, DanielDaniel Chițoiu PNL
Vice Prime-Minister for defence and public safety Oprea, GabrielGabriel Oprea UNPR
Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development Constantin, DanielDaniel Constantin PC
Minister of Foreign Affairs Corlățean, TitusTitus Corlățean PSD
Minister of Internal Affairs Stroe, RaduRadu Stroe PNL
Minister of National Defense Dușa, MirceaMircea Dușa PSD
Minister of Justice Cazanciuc, RobertRobert Cazanciuc Independent
Minister of Environment and Climatic Change Plumb, RovanaRovana Plumb PSD
Minister of Economy Gerea, AndreiAndrei Gerea PNL
Minister of Communications and Information Society Nica, DanDan Nica PSD
Ministry of Health Nicolăescu, EugenEugen Nicolăescu PNL
Minister of National Education Pricopie, RemusRemus Pricopie PSD
Minister of Labor, Family, and Social Protection Câmpeanu, MarianaMariana Câmpeanu PNL
Minister of European Funds Teodorovici, EugenEugen Teodorovici PSD
Minister of Transport and Infrastructure Mănescu, RamonaRamona Mănescu PNL
Minister of Culture Barbu, Daniel ConstantinDaniel Constantin Barbu PNL
Minister of Youth and Sport Bănicioiu, NicolaeNicolae Bănicioiu PSD
Minister-Delegate for the Budget Voinea, LiviuLiviu Voinea PSD
Minister-Delegate for waters, forests and fish farming Varga, LuciaLucia Varga PNL
Minister-Delegate for infrastructure projects and foreign investments Șova, DanDan Șova PSD
Minister-Delegate for small and medium enterprises, business environment and tourism Grapini, MariaMaria Grapini PC
Minister-Delegate for energy Niță, ConstantinConstantin Niță PSD
Minister-Delegate for higher education, scientific research and technological development Costoiu, MihneaMihnea Costoiu PSD
Minister-Delegate for Liaison with Parliament Voicu, Mihai AlexandruMihai Alexandru Voicu PNL
Minister-Delegate for Romanians abroad David, CristianCristian David PNL
Minister-Delegate for Social Dialogue Pană, DoinaDoina Pană PSD

See also

References

  1. ↑ Constitution, art. 103
  2. ↑ Constitution, art. 89
  3. ↑ Constitution, art. 104
  4. ↑ Law no. 90/2001, art. 3
  5. ↑ Law no. 90, art. 54
  6. ↑ Law no. 90/2001, art. 20
  7. ↑ Law no. 90/2001, art. 11
  8. ↑ Constitution, art. 91
  9. ↑ Constitution, art. 123
  10. ↑ Constitution, art. 111
  11. ↑ Constitution, art. 112
  12. ↑ Constitution, art. 113
  13. ↑ Constitution, art. 115

External links

Romania Ministries in the Government of Romania
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