Giles de Braose

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Giles de Braose
Bishop of Hereford
Diocese	Diocese of Hereford
Appointed	about 19 September 1200
Term ended	17 November 1215
Predecessor	William de Vere
Successor	Hugh de Mapenor
Orders
Consecration	24 September 1200
Personal details
Born	before 1176
Died	17 November 1215 Worcester, buried Hereford Cathedral

Giles de Braose (or Giles de Bruse; died 1215) was Bishop of Hereford from 1200 to 1215.

Early life

Giles was the second son of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber.^[2]^[3] His father was a landholder on the Welsh Marches, who gained the favour of King John of England in the early years of John's reign.^[3] Giles' mother was Maud of St Valery.^[4] His education and early career are unknown,^[5] but he was likely born soon after 1170.^[2]

Bishop of Hereford

Giles was elected as Bishop of Hereford in about 19 September 1200 and consecrated on 24 September 1200,^[5] at Westminster. The cathedral chapter had previously attempted to elect Walter Map, but the death of King Richard I of England prevented Map's election. He owed his election to his father's position with the king, and continued to receive gifts and grants from the king for the next four years.^[2] He was also granted custody of the castle of Bishop's Castle in southern Shropshire.^[6] Giles was probably responsible for the building of the tower of Brecon Cathedral and is depicted in a window in the north aisle. He may also have then been responsible for the building of the tower of Hereford Cathedral as his alabaster effigy can be seen there today and he holds a tower on his chest.

Over 50 documents from Giles' time as bishop survive, which show him to have had a good knowledge of canon law. He was often employed by the papacy as a judge-delegate, hearing cases referred back to England from Rome. Since Hereford was on the Welsh Marches, Giles was involved in the politics and disputes of the border lands, including a dispute between King John and Gwenwynwyn ab Owain of Powys, which was resolved around 1204.^[2]

Troubles with John

In late 1206 John appointed a new sheriff of Herefordshire, who appears to have put pressure on both Braoses, father and son. Giles may have been a hostage for his father's behavior in April and May 1208, before escaping and going into exile in France in late May 1208. While he was in exile, he joined a group of other English exiles that were trying to get aid from King Philip II of France against John. Giles' mother and elder brother were starved to death in 1210 on John's orders, and this probably increased his distrust and dislike of John. Giles aided Llywelyn ab Iorwerth's efforts to make an alliance with King Philip, which bore fruit in 1212.^[2]

Return to England

Giles was able to return to England in 1213, where he at first was on good terms with John, who restored some lands to him. The bishop, however, was concerned that the lands of his nephews, the sons of his elder brother William, were not returned to them, and in May 1214 efforts to find a compromise with the king failed. John then confiscated some of the bishop's lands and granted them to another. This led Giles to join the barons opposing John, and in conjunction with the Welsh leader Llywelyn the Great, to raze Hugh de Mortimer's castle at Wigmore, Herefordshire. Hugh was the lone marcher baron to side with John. In October 1214, the marcher lords and John were reconciled, and Giles rejoined the royal court. After Llywelyn's revolt in May 1215, Giles and his brother Reginald de Braose seized their ancestral lands and the bishop himself took a number of the castles. In October 1215, Giles was reconciled with the king, and paid a fine of 9000 marks to assure his possessions.^[2]

It appears that in 1215, Giles had custody of his father's lands, along with his nephew John,^{[Note 1]} as in March of that year a fine was recorded against Giles for the custody of the estates, and on 10 May 1215 a writ was issued allowing him to have the case judged. However, while Giles returned to the king's faction by autumn of 1215, Reginald did not.^[1]

Giles died 17 November 1215,^[7] at Worcester and is buried in Hereford Cathedral.^[2]

Notes

↑ John was the son of Giles' brother William.^[1]

Citations

↑ 1.0 1.1 Holden "King John and the Braoses" Albion pp. 13–14
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Barrow "Briouze, Giles de (c.1170–1215)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
↑ 3.0 3.1 Turner "Briouze , William (III) de (d. 1211)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
↑ Holden "King John and the Braoses" Albion p. 12
↑ 5.0 5.1 Barrow Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: volume 8: Hereford: Bishops
↑ Holden "King John and the Braoses" Albion p. 5
↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 250

References

Barrow, J. S. (2002). Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: volume 8: Hereford: Bishops. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
Barrow, Julia (2004). "Briouze, Giles de (c.1170–1215)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (January 2008 revised ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/50344. Retrieved 15 February 2009. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
Holden, Brock W. (Spring 2001). "King John, the Braoses, and the Celtic Fringe, 1207–1216". Albion 33 (1): 1–23. doi:10.2307/4053044. JSTOR 4053044.
Turner, Ralph V. (2004). "Briouze , William (III) de (d. 1211)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (October 2006 revised ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/3283. Retrieved 15 February 2009. (subscription or UK public library membership required)

Catholic Church titles
Preceded by William de Vere	Bishop of Hereford 1200–1215	Succeeded by Hugh de Mapenor

v t e Bishops of Hereford

Early Medieval	Putta Tyrhtel Torhthere Walhstod Cuthbert of Canterbury Podda Acca Headda Aldberht Esne Ceolmund Utel Wulfheard Beonna Eadwulf Cuthwulf Mucel Deorlaf Cynemund Edgar Tidhelm Wulfhelm Ælfric Athulf

High Medieval	Æthelstan Leofgar Ealdred Walter of Lorraine Robert de Losinga Gerard Roger Reynelm Geoffrey de Clive Richard de Capella Robert de Bethune Gilbert Foliot Robert of Melun Robert Foliot William de Vere Giles de Braose Hugh de Mapenor Hugh Foliot Ralph de Maidstone Michael Peter of Aigueblanche John de Breton Thomas de Cantilupe Richard Swinefield

Late Medieval	Adam Orleton Thomas Charleton John Trilleck Lewis de Charleton William Courtenay John Gilbert Thomas Trevenant Robert Mascall Edmund Lacey Thomas Polton Thomas Spofford Richard Beauchamp Reginald Boulers John Stanberry Thomas Mylling Edmund Audley

Early modern	Adriano Castellesi Richard Mayew Charles Booth Edward Foxe Edmund Bonner John Skypp John Harley Robert Parfew Thomas Reynolds John Scory Herbert Westfaling Robert Bennet Francis Godwin William Juxon Godfrey Goodman Augustine Lindsell Matthew Wren Theophilus Feild George Coke Nicholas Monck Herbert Croft Gilbert Ironside Humphrey Humphreys Philip Bisse Benjamin Hoadly Hon Henry Egerton Lord James Beauclerk Hon John Harley John Butler

Late modern	Folliott Cornewall John Luxmoore George Huntingford Hon Edward Grey Thomas Musgrave Renn Hampden James Atlay John Percival Hensley Henson Linton Smith Charles Carre Richard Parsons Tom Longworth Mark Hodson John Eastaugh John Oliver Anthony Priddis

Persondata
Name	Braose, Giles de
Alternative names	Giles de Bruse
Short description	Bishop of Hereford
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death	1215
Place of death	Gloucester

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