Ghaziabad district, India

Ghaziabad district ग़ाज़ियाबाद ज़िला غازی آباد ضلع
District of Uttar Pradesh
Location of Ghaziabad district in Uttar Pradesh
Country	India
State	Uttar Pradesh
Administrative division	Meerut
Headquarters	Ghaziabad, India
Tehsils	3
Government
• Lok Sabha constituencies	1. Meerut (shared with Meerut district) 2. Ghaziabad
• Assembly seats	5
Area
• Total	1,548 km2 (598 sq mi)
Population (2011)
• Total	4,661,452
• Density	3,000/km2 (7,800/sq mi)
• Urban	54.8% (2,001)
Demographics
• Literacy	85%
• Sex ratio	860 (2001)
Website	Official website

Ghaziabad district (pronounced [ɣaːziːaːˈbaːd̪ ˈzɪlaː]) is a largely suburban district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India of National Capital Region (India). The town of Ghaziabad is the administrative headquarters of the district. This district is part of Meerut Division. It has become a major bedroom community for Delhi.

As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Uttar Pradesh (out of 71), after Allahabad and Moradabad.^[1]

Geography

Ghaziabad district is bounded on the northwest by Baghpat District, on the north by Meerut District, on the east by Hapur District, on the southeast by Bulandshahr District, on the southwest by Gautam Buddha Nagar District, and on the west by Delhi state across the Yamuna River.

History

Ghaziabad as founded by Ghaziuddin Siddiqi Feroz Jung II (1709 - 1752), general of the Mughal Emperor, in 1740. Ghazi-ud-din Siddiqi Feroz Jung was the elder son of Mir Qamaruddin Siddiqi, first Nizam of Hyderabad, who called it Ghaziuddinnagar after himself and built a spacious structure consisting of 120 rooms of masonry with pointed arches. After the opening of the railway line, the name of the place was shortened to Ghaziabad. As its boundary is adjacent to Delhi, it acts as the main entrance of Uttar Pradesh and is also called the Gateway of Uttar Pradesh. Ghaziabad district was carved out of Meerut district on 14/11/1976.^[2]

The city that the Ghaziuddin established was constructed within the boundary of four giant doors named Dasna Gate, Sihani Gate, Delhi Gate, and Shahi gate. Today, only the gate of the structure, together with a few portions of the boundary wall and a massive pillar about 14 feet tall remains. As time passed, Shahi Gate was renamed Bazar Gate and, after India gained its independence, it was again renamed Jawahar Gate. The other three gates still retain their names. Gazi-ud-din’s mausoleum still stands in the city today. ^[3]

From the historical, cultural, mythological and archaeological point of view Ghaziabad is an important city. The excavation carried out at the mound of Kaseri, situated on the bank of river Hindon, 2 km north from Mohan Nagar shows that civilization existed here in 2500 B.C.^{[citation needed]}

Garhmukteshwar, which is believed to offer salvation to the people and the Pooth village situated on the banks of river Ganaga are associated with the Mahabharat period. The village "KOT" is associated with the famous emperor SamundraGupta, who performed the Aswamedha yagya here after destroying the fort and "Kot Kuljam" (princes of the Kot dynasty).^{[citation needed]}

It is clear from researches that seven wars were fought in this region.The Kot war in the fourth century was fought at Loni and the war between Taimur and the Indian warriors was fought at Surajpur. The Maratha-Mughal war,the war between the ruler of Bharatpur King Surajmal and Najib on the banks of the Hindon river,and the war in 1803 between Sir General Lake and the Royal Maratha army were fought here but the most important war was fought at the banks of river Hindon on 30-31 May,1857 with the British. This was the first war of independence.^[4]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census of Ghaziabad district, it has a population of 4,661,452,^[1] roughly equal to the nation of Ireland^[5] or the US state of South Carolina.^[6] This gives it a ranking of 28th highest in India (out of a total of 640).^[1] The district has a population density of 3,967 inhabitants per square kilometre (10,270 /sq mi) .^[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 41.66%.^[1] Ghaziabad has a sex ratio of 878 females for every 1000 males,^[1] and a literacy rate of 85%.^[1]

As of the 2011 census, this district had a population of 4,661,452 (3rd highest in UP), with 2,481,803 males and 2,179,649 females.It contributes 2.33% of the total population of UP. It has highest density of population in UP with 4060 persons per square km. It is second in population growth rate with 40.66%. The average literacy rate in 2011 was 85%, which is the highest in UP.^[7]

The minority population is about 25% of the total population of the district. Ghaziabad is a subcategory B1 district of category B i.e. having socio-economic parameters below the national average.^[8] It also has a major railway station known as Ghaziabad Jn..

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ghaziabad district.

• Ghaziabad district website
• Ghaziabad community website

	Baghpat district	Meerut district
	North West Delhi district, NCT North Delhi district, NCT North East Delhi district, NCT East Delhi district, NCT		Hapur
	Ghaziabad district
	Gautam Buddha Nagar district		Bulandshahr district

Coordinates: 28°40′00″N 77°26′00″E / 28.6667°N 77.4333°E / 28.6667; 77.4333