German submarine U-607

Career (Nazi Germany)
Name:	U-607
Owner:	Kriegsmarine
Ordered:	22 May 1940
Builder:	Blohm & Voss, Hamburg
Yard number:	583
Laid down:	27 March 1941
Launched:	11 December 1941
Commissioned:	29 January 1942
Out of service:	13 July 1943
Fate:	Sunk by depth charges, 13 July 1943
General characteristics
Type:	Type VIIC submarine
Displacement:	769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced 871 t (857 long tons) submerged
Length:	67.1 m (220 ft 2 in) o/a 50.5 m (165 ft 8 in) pressure hull
Beam:	6.2 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a 4.7 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Draft:	4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Propulsion:	2 × supercharged Germaniawerft 6-cylinder 4-stroke F46 diesel engines, totalling 2,800–3,200 bhp (2,100–2,400 kW). Max rpm: 470-490 2 × electric motors, totalling 750 shp (560 kW) and max rpm: 296
Speed:	17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range:	15,170 km (8,190 nmi) at 10 kn (19 km/h) surfaced 150 km (81 nmi) at 4 kn (7.4 km/h) submerged
Test depth:	230 m (750 ft) Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement:	44–52 officers & ratings
Armament:	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (4 bow, 1 stern) 14 × torpedoes or 26 TMA mines 1 × 8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun (220 rounds) Various AA guns

German submarine U-607 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for the Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during the Second World War. She was commissioned in January 1942 and was sunk in July 1943, having sunk four ships and damaged two others. Her commanders were Ernst Mengersen and Wolf Jeschonnek.

Description

U-607 was built by Blohm + Voss, Hamburg as yard number 583. She was ordered on 22 May 1940 and her keel was laid on 27 March 1941. U-607 was launched on 11 December 1941.^[1] She was 67.10 metres (220 ft 2 in) long, with a beam of 6.20 metres (20 ft 4 in) and a draught of 4.74 metres (15 ft 7 in). She displaced 769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) submerged.^[2]

Career

Under Mengersen

U-607 was commissioned into the Kriegsmarine on 29 January, and entered 5th U-boat Flotilla based at Kiel under the command of Ernst Mengersen as a boat under training. In August 1942, U-607 completed her training and transferred to 7th U-boat Flotilla based at St Nazaire, France as an operational boat.^[1]

1st patrol

On 9 July 1942, U-607 departed Kiel on active patrol, returning to Kiel the next day. She then sailed to Kristiansand, Norway.^[1]

2nd patrol

On 13 July, U-607 departed Kristiansand on active patrol. During the patrol she sank one ship and damaged another,^[1] breaking off the attack after depth charges were dropped.^[3] She returned to Kristiansand on 16 August. U-607 then sailed to St Nazaire.^[1]

Date	Ship	Flag	Tonnage (GRT)
26 July 1942	Empire Rainbow †, *	United Kingdom	6,942
4 August 1942	Belgian Soldier ‡	Belgium	7,167

† Convoy ON 113, * Damaged, ‡ Convoy ON 115

3rd patrol

On 8 September, U-607 departed St Nazaire on active patrol, returning on 23 October. During the patrol she sank one ship.^[1] On 23 September, U-607 was rammed by a destroyer and slightly damaged.^[4] U-607 suffered heavy damage when she attacked Convoy SC 104 On 11 October. Fourteen depth charges were fired by HMS Viscount,^[5] firstly at a 150 feet (46 m) and again at 400 feet (120 m). The boat descended to a depth of 600 feet (180 m) before it could be brought under control. The badly damaged boat was brought to the surface, evading detection as it was night.^[3] U-607 had suffered damage to her communication systems, depth gauges, depth rudder, engines and rudder.^[5] It took some time to make temporary repairs. Leutnant zur See fur Ingenieur (Engineering Lieutenant) Russ openly quarrelled with Mengersen over the incident, which was witnessed by some of the ship's crew and a propaganda photographer who was on board. On returning to St Nazaire, Russ was Court-Martialled and found guilty of insubordination. He was dismissed from the Kriegsmarine and sentenced to eight months fortress confinement and four months imprisonment. U-607 took six weeks to repair at St Nazaire.^[3]

Date	Ship	Flag	Tonnage (GRT)
11 October 1942	Nellie †	Greece	6,942

† Convoy SC 104

4th Patrol

On 2 January 1943, U-607 departed St Nazaire on active patrol, returning on 9 March. During the patrol she sank one ship and damaged another.^[1]

Date	Ship	Flag	Tonnage (GRT)
26 January 1943	Kollbjørg †, *	Norway	8,259
15 February 1943	Atlantic Sun ‡	United States	11,355

† Convoy HX 223, * Damaged, ‡ Convoy ON 165

Under Jeschonnek

5th patrol

On 24 April 1943, U-607 departed St Nazaire on active patrol under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Wolf Jeschonnek.^[1] Jeschonnek had served on U-607 since her commissioning.^[3] During the patrol she was attacked on a number of occasions. On 28 April she was attacked by a Vickers Wellington aircraft of 172 Squadron, Royal Air Force. On 12 May she was attacked by a Fairey Swordfish of 811 Squadron, Fleet Air Arm.^[1] After this, she was hunted by a Royal Navy Corvette which opened fire at extreme range without effect. She was forced to submerge when one of her diesel engines broke down. Over a seven hour period a number of depth charges were dropped without effect. U-607 managed to surface a couple of times and was forced to dive again. The third time she surfaced there was an area of mist and she was able to make her escape.^[3]

On 15 May,^[1] U-607 attacked SS Irish Oak, a neutral Irish merchant ship some 850 nautical miles (1,570 km; 980 mi) west of Ushant. Jeschennek claimed that Irish Oak was a Q-ship,^[3] steaming at 14 knots (26 km/h) without lights. Irish Oak had large Tricolours painted on her sides with the word EIRE in large letters. Two torpedoes were fired and the ship slowly sank by the bow. Around 60 crew were seen to leave the ship.^[3] U-607 returned to St Nazaire on 2 June.^[1] During her time in St Nazaire after this patrol, extra anti-aircraft armament was fitted.^[3]

Date	Ship	Flag	Tonnage (GRT)
15 May 1943	Irish Oak	Ireland	5,589

6th Patrol

On 10 July 1943, U-607 departed St Nazaire on active patrol.^[1] Her orders were to lay mines off Kingston, Jamaica, with explicit orders not to attack any convoys encountered. U-607 was to proceed in convoy with three other U-boats, although one of these put back to St Nazaire with defects. The submarines were submerged at night and sailed on the surface during daytime. Just after midnight on 13 July, a bottle of Champagne was opened to toast Jeschonnek's birthday. U-607 surfaced at about 07:55 German time and was spotted by Sunderland,^[3] DQ-N,^[6] of 228 Squadron, Royal Air Force and then by Halifax,^[3] BY-O,^[7] of 58 Squadron, Royal Air Force.^[3]

Wishing to present as small a target as possible, U-607 turned away from the Halifax. This meant that she was becoming increasingly further from the other two U-boats. The three U-boats opened fire on the aircraft. The aircraft successfully managed to split the fire of the U-boats, which ceased firing after a while. U-607 attempted to rejoin the other two U-boats but during this manoeuvre she was attacked by the Sunderland which dropped seven 250-pound (110 kg) depth charges set to detonate at 25 feet (7.6 m). The depth charges were dropped from an altitude of 50 feet (15 m) and the Sunderland had to take evasive action to avoid a collision with the conning tower of U-607.^[3]

The depth charges straddled U-607 from port quarter to starboard bow. Their detonation broke her in two, with the bow section rising over vertical and sinking while the stern section capsized then sank. Twenty-five survivors were seen in the water and the Sunderland dropped a dinghy. Seven of the crew managed to climb aboard. Only these seven of the 51 crew survived. U-607 was sunk at 45°02′N 9°14′W / 45.033°N 9.233°W / 45.033; -9.233. Although ships of the Second Support Group passed close by, the survivors were not picked up as no ship could be spared for the task. A flight of Junkers Ju 88 aircraft flew over at an altitude to 10,000 feet (3,000 m) apparently without spotting the survivors. At 04:00 local time on 14 July, the survivors were found at 44°50′N 08°50′W / 44.833°N 8.833°W / 44.833; -8.833 by HMS Wren and a boat was despatched to rescue them. The survivors were asked the number of their boat, which at first they refused to divulge. When told that they would not be rescued without divulging this information, Oberleutnant zur See Jeschonnek called the boat back and gave the information required.^[3]

References