German submarine U-218

Career
Name:	U-218
Ordered:	16 February 1940
Builder:	Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft, Kiel
Yard number:	650
Laid down:	17 March 1941
Launched:	5 December 1941
Commissioned:	24 January 1942
Fate:	Sunk, 4 December 1945 as part of Operation Deadlight
General characteristics
Type:	Type VIID submarine
Displacement:	965 long tons (980 t) surfaced 1,080 long tons (1,097 t) submerged
Length:	76.9 m (252 ft 4 in) o/a 59.8 m (196 ft 2 in) pressure hull
Beam:	6.4 m (21 ft 0 in) o/a 4.7 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Draft:	5 m (16 ft 5 in)
Propulsion:	2 × supercharged Germaniawerft, 6-cylinder, 4-stroke F46 diesel engines totalling 2,800–3,200 bhp (2,100–2,400 kW). Max rpm: 470-490 2 × AEG GU 460/8-276 electric motors, totalling 750 shp (560 kW). Max rpm: 285
Speed:	16.7 knots (30.9 km/h; 19.2 mph) surfaced 7.9 knots (14.6 km/h; 9.1 mph) submerged
Range:	20,720 km (11,190 nmi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced 130 km (70 nmi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth:	200 m (660 ft) Crush depth: 220–240 m (720–790 ft)
Complement:	46–52 officers and ratings
Armament:	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern) 14 × torpedoes or 26 × TMA or 39 × TMB tube-launched mines 5 × vertical launchers with 15 SMA mines 1 × 8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun (220 rounds) 2 × C30 20 mm AA (4,380 rounds)

German submarine U-218 was a Type VIID mine-laying U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Laid down on 17 March 1941 as 'werk' 650 and launched on 5 December, she was commissioned on 24 January 1942 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Richard Becker. She served with the 5th U-boat Flotilla - a training unit; the 9th flotilla from 1 September 1942 to 30 September 1944, the 8th flotilla, and finally with the 11th flotilla, all operational units, the latter from 1 March 1945 to 8 May. She was a member of seven wolfpacks.

Operational history

1st patrol

U-218 departed Kiel on her first patrol on 28 August 1942. She moved 'up' the length of the North Sea, through the 'gap' separating Iceland and the Faroe Islands and into the Atlantic Ocean, heading southwest. She damaged the Fjordaas in mid-ocean on 11 September. An inspection by the vessel's Master, 1st Mate and Chief Engineer preceded her recovery to the Clyde where she was repaired and returned to service in December 1942.

The escorts of Convoy ON 127 damaged the boat the following day so severely she was obliged to abort the patrol and head for occupied France.

U-218 docked at Brest on 29 September.

2nd patrol

Her luck did not improve on her second foray. The submarine was attacked from the air and by surface ships southwest of Portugal on 15 November 1942. The damage inflicted was bad enough to force her to return to Brest on the 25th.

3rd and 4th patrols

U-218's third and fourth efforts were in early and mid-summer 1943. They were relatively uneventful.

5th patrol

The routine of the boat's fifth sortie was rudely interrupted on 2 August 1943 by an attack by a Vickers Wellington of 547 Squadron, RAF west of the Bay of Biscay. Six crewmen were wounded, the submarine was severely damaged and once again an early return was required.

6th and 7th patrols

Patrol number six was marked by two men falling overboard in heavy weather on 27 September 1943 - they were both picked up 45 minutes later. A month later the boat laid mines near Port of Spain, Trinidad on 27 October.
U-218 had a rare triumph on 5 November when she sank the sailing ship Beatrice Beck east of Martinique with her cargo of cod.

The boat departed Brest for what wbecame her seventh and longest patrol (86 days) on 12 February 1944. She did not return until 7 May. Nevertheless, the waters east of the West Indies was unproductive.

8th patrol

The boat was hunted 'mercilessly' for sixty hours from 15 June 1944; she eventually shook off her attackers. She damaged the auxiliary cruiser HMS Empire Halberd on 6 July with a mine laid on the 2nd off Lands End (southwest England). The ship was taken, first to Falmouth, then Glasgow for repairs. She returned to service in late 1944 as HMS Silvio. Meanwhile, the U-boat returned to Brest on 10 July.

9th and 10th patrols

Having departed Brest for the last time on 10 August 1944, U-218 laid mines near Lizard Head (Cornwall), before retracing her course west of Ireland. She arrived in Bergen, Norway on 23 September. There now followed a series of short journeys between October 1944 and March 1945.

The boat's tenth and final patrol began with her departure from Bergen on 22 March 1945. She sank the Ethel Crawford on 20 April with a mine laid on the 18th in the Firth of Clyde.

Fate

U-218 surrendered in Bergen on 12 May 1945. She was transferred to Loch Ryan in Scotland in anticipation of Operation Deadlight. She sank while under tow to the scuttling grounds about eight or nine nautical miles north of Inishtrahull (the most northerly island of Ireland) on 4 December.^[3]

Afterword

U-218 was also thought to be responsible for sinking the last British ship to be sunk as the result of World War II. The steam fishing vessel Kurd was sunk on 10 July 1945 after hitting a British mine off Lizard Head^[4][5]

The wreck of the U-boat was identified by marine archaeologist Innes McCartney in 2001 off Malin Head.

Summary of Raiding Career

Date	Name	Nationality	Tonnage (GRT)	Fate[6]
11 September 1942	Fjordas	Norway	7,361	Damaged
5 November 1943	Beatrice Beck	United Kingdom	146	Sunk
6 July 1944	HMS Empire Halberd	Royal Navy	7,177	Damaged (Mine)
20 April 1945	Ethel Crawford	United Kingdom	200	Sunk (Mine)

References

Notes

Bibliography

• U-218 at uboat.net
• Bishop, C (2006). Kriegsmarine U-Boats, 1939-45. Amber Books. 

See also

• List of German U-boats

Coordinates: 55°28′N 7°18′W / 55.467°N 7.300°W / 55.467; -7.300