German submarine U-214

Career (Nazi Germany)
Name:	U-214
Ordered:	16 February 1940
Builder:	Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft, Kiel
Yard number:	646
Laid down:	5 October 1940
Launched:	18 September 1941
Commissioned:	1 November 1941
Fate:	Sunk, 26 July 1944, by a British warship
General characteristics
Type:	Type VIID submarine
Displacement:	965 long tons (980 t) surfaced 1,080 long tons (1,097 t) submerged
Length:	76.9 m (252 ft 4 in) o/a 59.8 m (196 ft 2 in) pressure hull
Beam:	6.4 m (21 ft 0 in) o/a 4.7 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Draft:	5 m (16 ft 5 in)
Propulsion:	2 × supercharged Germaniawerft, 6-cylinder, 4-stroke F46 diesel engines totalling 2,800–3,200 bhp (2,100–2,400 kW). Max rpm: 470-490 2 × AEG GU 460/8-276 electric motors, totalling 750 shp (560 kW). Max rpm: 285
Speed:	16.7 knots (30.9 km/h; 19.2 mph) surfaced 7.9 knots (14.6 km/h; 9.1 mph) submerged
Range:	20,720 km (11,190 nmi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced 130 km (70 nmi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth:	200 m (660 ft) Crush depth: 220–240 m (720–790 ft)
Complement:	46–52 officers and ratings
Armament:	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern) 14 × torpedoes or 26 × TMA or 39 × TMB tube-launched mines 5 × vertical launchers with 15 SMA mines 1 × 8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun (220 rounds) 2 × C30 20 mm AA (4,380 rounds)

German submarine U-214 was a Type VIID mine-laying U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Laid down on 5 October 1940 by Germaniawerft in Kiel, the boat was commissioned on 1 November 1941 with Kapitänleutnant Günther Reeder in command. She trained with the 5th U-boat Flotilla from 1 November 1941 until 30 April 1942, and was then assigned to the 9th U-boat Flotilla from 1 May 1942. She was sunk on 26 July 1944 by a British warship.

The wreck of U-214 was found by the archaeologist Innes McCartney in 2006 at the location reported by the Allies after the war.

Service history

1st and 2nd patrol

U-214 sailed from Kiel on 18 May 1942, arriving at Kristiansand in Norway on the 20th. She sailed the next day, heading for Brest in France. On 22 May while in the North Sea, she was attacked by an aircraft, and slightly damaged by three bombs. The U-boat arrived at Lorient, also in France, on 2 June, and sailed to Brest the next day.^[1]

Her second patrol began on 13 June,^[2] but on 16 June at 03:44, she was strafed, three depth charges were also dropped by a Leigh light-equipped aircraft in the Bay of Biscay. A second attack was fought off with her flak defenses, but the U-boat sustained damage which forced her to return to Lorient on 17 June.^[1]

3rd patrol

Not until her third patrol did U-214 score a victory. On 9 August 1942 she sailed from Brest, and on 18 August attacked Convoy SL-118, west of Portugal, sinking the 6,318 ton Dutch cargo ship Balingkar and the 7,522 ton British cargo ship Hatarana. She also damaged the armed merchant cruiser HMS Cheshire (F18). She returned to Brest on 9 October after 62 days at sea.^[3]

4th and 5th patrols

U-214's fourth patrol took her to the Caribbean Sea where she attacked the 4,426 ton unescorted Polish merchant ship Paderewski with torpedoes 40 nautical miles (74 km; 46 mi) off Trinidad, before sinking her with gunfire. The U-boat returned to her homeport on 24 February 1943 after a voyage of 87 days.^[4]

U-214's fifth patrol was cut short when she was attacked on 7 May 1943 by a British Halifax bomber of 58 Squadron RAF in the Bay of Biscay, after only three days at sea. The U-boat crash-dived, suffering only minor damage, but her commander Kptlt. Günther Reeder was severely wounded, resulting in first Officer Oberleutnant zur See Rupprecht Stock bringing the U-boat safely back to base.^[5]

6th patrol

Now under Stock's command, U-214 sailed from Brest on 18 May 1943, and headed for the coast of West Africa. There, on 20 June, the American 6,507 ton merchant ship Santa Maria struck a mine laid by U-214 five miles (eight km west of Dakar, blowing off her bows. After abandoning ship, she was later re-boarded by her crew and towed to Dakar for repairs.^[6] The U-boat arrived back at Brest on 26 June.^[7]

7th patrol

U-214's seventh patrol took her to the waters off Panama. While outbound on 9 September, 92 nautical miles (170 km; 106 mi) south-west of Santa Maria, Azores, she was attacked by an American Avenger aircraft from the escort carrier Croatan (CVE-25). The aircraft approached by radar and dropped four depth charges, but was damaged in the air intake and the bomb bay by the U-boat's flak. One depth charge hit the U-boat, but bounced off and exploded without damaging her.^[1]

On 8 October, five miles off Colón, U-214 laid a field of 15 mines. One of these may have sunk the United States Navy submarine USS Dorado (SS-248) on or about 14 October. On 12 October, the boat was attacked twice, but not damaged, by an aircraft of US Navy Patrol Squadron 210. U-214 returned home on 30 November after 101 days at sea.^{[8] [9]}

8th and 9th patrol

U-214's next patrol, from 19 February–29 April 1944, took her south to the west African coast, but without success. The U-boat was then fitted with a schnorkel before returning to active service. U-214 headed north into the shallow waters of the English Channel on 11 June, under the command of the newly promoted Kapitänleutnant Stock, however she had no successes,^[2] and the patrol was curtailed after the U-boat was attacked by a British B-24 Liberator of 224 Squadron, sustaining damage which forced her to return to Brest on 2 July.^[1]

10th patrol and loss

U-214 sailed from Brest on 22 July 1944 under the command of 21-year old Oblt.z.S. Gerhard Conrad, one of the youngest U-boat commanders of World War II.^[10] After only five days, on 26 July, the U-boat was sunk in the English Channel at 49°58′N 03°30′W / 49.967°N 3.500°W / 49.967; -3.500Coordinates: 49°58′N 03°30′W / 49.967°N 3.500°W / 49.967; -3.500 by depth charges from the Captain-class frigate HMS Cooke. All 48 hands were lost.

Summary of Raiding Career

Date	Ship Name	Nationality	Displacement	Fate[11]
18 August 1942	Balingkar	Netherlands	6,318	Sunk
18 August 1942	Hatarana	United Kingdom	7,522	Sunk
18 August 1942	HMS Cheshire	Royal Navy	10,552	Damaged
30 December 1942	Paderwski	Poland	4,426	Sunk
20 June 1943	Santa Maria	United States	6,507	Damaged (Mine)
14 October 1943	USS Dorado	United States Navy	1,525	Sunk (mine)

See also

List of U-boats

References

"U-214 at uboat.net". Retrieved 2008-01-28. 

Bibliography

McCartney, Innes (2002). Lost Patrols: Submarine Wrecks of the English Channel. 

External links

• U-214 at ubootwaffe.net
• (U-214 in German)