Gdov

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Gdov (English)
Гдов (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

Karl Marx Street, the main street in Gdov

Location of Pskov Oblast in Russia
Gdov
Location of Gdov in Pskov Oblast
Coordinates: 58°45′N 27°49′E / 58.750°N 27.817°E / 58.750; 27.817Coordinates: 58°45′N 27°49′E / 58.750°N 27.817°E / 58.750; 27.817
Coat of arms
Administrative status (as of June 2011)
Country Russia
Federal subject Pskov Oblast
Administrative district Gdovsky District[1]
Administrative center of Gdovsky District[1]
Municipal status (as of July 2010)
Municipal district Gdovsky Municipal District[2]
Urban settlement Gdov Urban Settlement[2]
Administrative center of Gdovsky Municipal District, Gdov Urban Settlement[2]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 4,379 inhabitants[3]
Time zone MSK (UTC+04:00)[4]
Gdov on WikiCommons

Gdov (Russian: Гдов; Estonian: Oudova) is a town and the administrative center of Gdovsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia,[1] located on the Gdovka River, just 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) from its outflow into Lake Peipus. Municipally, it is incorporated as Gdov Urban Settlement in Gdovsky Municipal District.[2] Population: 4,379 (2010 Census);[3] 5,171 (2002 Census);[5] 6,009 (1989 Census).[6]

History

Gdov was founded in the 14th century, as an outpost guarding the city of Pskov.[7] Between 1431 and 1434, Pskovians built a fortress there, the remains of which can still be seen. It was attacked on numerous occasions by Swedes and Poles (e.g., during the Russo–Swedish War (1590–1595) and the Ingrian War), captured by Swedes in 1614, but was finally returned to Russia in 1617 according to the Treaty of Stolbovo.[8][9]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, it was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). Gdov was mentioned as one of the towns into which the governorate was divided. In 1780, Gdov was granted town status;[8] its coat of arms was granted on May 28, 1781. Between 1874 and 1912, Gdov issued Zemstvo stamps. The first stamp, worth two kopecks, appeared on April 16, 1874. Stamp production ceased, however, with the coming of World War I. In 1919, Gdov was an area where important events of the Civil War in Russia and the Estonian War of Independence were taking place. Originally, the area east of Lake Peipus was under control of the revolutionary government. On May 15, 1919 the detachment under command of Stanisław Bułak-Bałachowicz (subordinate to General Rodzianko) captured Gdov, and the whole Uyezd thus came under control by the White Army troops of Nikolai Yudenich. In November 1919, the Red Army recaptured Gdov.[10]

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished, and Gdovsky District was established, with the center in the town of Gdov. It included parts of former Gdovsky Uyezd. The governorates were abolished as well, and the district belonged to Luga Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On July 23, 1930 the okrugs were abolished as well, and the districts became directly subordinate to the oblast. Between March 22, 1935 and September 19, 1940 Gdovsky District was a part of Pskov Okrug of Leningrad Oblast, one of the okrugs formed at the state boundaries of Soviet Union. Between 19 July 1941, and 4 February 1944 Gdov was occupied by German troops. The town was seriously damaged during the war, and partially restored afterwards. On August 23, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Pskov Oblast.[11]

Restricted access

Gdov is included into border security zone, intended to protect the borders of Russia from unwanted activity. In order to visit the zone, a permit issued by the local FSB department is required.[12]

Economy

Industry

The economy of Gdov is based on food and timber industries.[13]

Transportation

A railway connects Gdov via Slantsy with Veymarn. Originally, the railway connected Pskov with Veymarn. It was destroyed during World War II, and the stretch between Gdov and Pskov was never rebuilt.

Gdov is connected by roads with Pskov, Kingisepp via Slantsy, and Plyussa. There are also local roads, with bus traffic originating from Gdov.

Military installations

An active military base, Smuravyevo, was located northeast of the town.

Culture and recreation

The wall of the Gdov Kremlin

Gdov contains two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally twelve objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[14] The federal monuments are archaeological sites. Gdov has a kremlin - an ancient fortress, built in the 14th century. Only fragments of original fortress walls survived. The St. Dimitry Cathedral was destroyed in 1944 and reconstructed in the 1990s.

The only state museum in the district is the Museum of Gdov Region History. It was founded in 1919, destroyed during the German occupation of Gdov, and re-created after World War II. The museum hosts historical and local interest collections.[15]

Notable people

  • Hieromartyr Benjamin, bishop of Gdov
  • Archbishop Dimitry of Gdov (also known as Demetrius), religious figure
  • Voldemar Kuslap (born 1937), Estonian singer

Gallery

  • 15th-century church of Derzhavnaya Mother of God (destroyed during World War II; restored in the 1980s)

  • Gdov railway station

  • DT1 train in Gdov railway station

References

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 58 208 501», в ред. изменения №226/2013 от 1 января 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 58 208 501, as amended by the Amendment #226/2013 of January 1, 2014. ).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Law #420-OZ
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012. 
  4. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
  5. ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012. 
  6. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012. 
  7. ↑ Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 106. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Gdov". Great Soviet Encyclopedia. 
  9. ↑ "История района" (in Russian). Портал муниципальных образований Псковской области. Retrieved May 21, 2012. 
  10. ↑ Ратьковский, И.С.; Ходяков М. В. (2001). "История Советской России" (in Russian). Лань. Retrieved May 28, 2012. 
  11. ↑ "Гдовский район (авг. 1927 - авг. 1944)" (in Russian). Справочник истории административно-территориального деления Ленинградской области. Retrieved May 22, 2012. 
  12. ↑ "Приказ ФСБ РФ от 2 июня 2006 года №242 "О пределах пограничной зоны на территории Псковской области"; Приказ ФСБ России от 21 апреля 2007 г. №201 "О внесении изменения в приказ ФСБ России 2 июня 2006 года №242 "О пределах пограничной зоны на территории Псковской области"". Rossiyskaya Gazeta (in Russian) 2006. 
  13. ↑ "Экономика" (in Russian). Портал муниципальных образований Псковской области. Retrieved May 23, 2012. 
  14. ↑ "Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации" (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved May 23, 2011. 
  15. ↑ "Гдовский музей истории края" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved May 21, 2012. 

Sources

  • Псковское областное Собрание депутатов. Закон №833-оз от 5 февраля 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Псковской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №20, 10 февраля 2009 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #833-oz of February 5, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast. Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Псковское областное Собрание депутатов. Закон №420-оз от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области», в ред. Закона №1251-ОЗ от 7 февраля 2013 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 24 Закона Псковской области "Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №41-43, №44-46, №49-51, 4 марта 2005 г., 5 марта 2005 г., 11 марта 2005 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #420-oz of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast, as amended by the Law #1251-oz of February 7, 2013 On Amending Article 24 of the Law of Pskov Oblast "On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).

External links

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