Gattermann reaction

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For formylation of phenolic species using zinc cyanide see: Gattermann aldehyde synthesis.

The Gattermann reaction, named for the German chemist Ludwig Gattermann, in organic chemistry refers to a reaction of hydrocyanic acid with an aromatic compound, in this case benzene, under catalysis with Friedel-Crafts catalyst (aluminium chloride).Catalyst used is Copper Powder in HX(X=Cl or Br) in the case of reaction of Benzene Diazonium Chloride(commonly known as BDC) instead.[1] The reaction is similar to the Friedel-Crafts reaction

It may include the reaction where a diazonium salt is converted to an aryl halide by using copper powder and hydrochloric acid as opposed to using cuprous salt of the halide as in the Sandmeyer reaction.[2] Although in many articles and books this reaction is also called Gatterman reaction.[3]

See also

  • Friedel-Crafts reaction
  • Houben-Hoesch reaction

References

  1. ↑ L. Gattermann, W. Berchelmann (1898). "Synthese aromatischer Oxyaldehyde". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 31 (2): 1765–1769. doi:10.1002/cber.18980310281. 
  2. ↑ L. Gattermann (1890). "Untersuchungen über Diazoverbindungen". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 23 (1): 1218–1228. doi:10.1002/cber.189002301199. 
  3. ↑ R. N. Morrison, R. T. Boyd. Organic Chemistry. p. 869. 
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