Garhmukteshwar

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Garhmukteshwar
गढ़मुक्तेश्वर
City
Garhmukteshwar
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
Coordinates: 28°48′N 78°06′E / 28.800°N 78.100°E / 28.800; 78.100Coordinates: 28°48′N 78°06′E / 28.800°N 78.100°E / 28.800; 78.100
Country  India
State Uttar Pradesh
District Hapur
Founded by Ancient City Till Mahabharat Period
Named for Mukteshwar Mahadev
Government
 • Type Municipal Board
 • Body Elected
 • Municipal board Chairperson Sangeta Purushottam
Languages
 • Official Hindi
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 245205
Telephone code 5731
Vehicle registration UP-37

Garhmukteshwar is a city and a municipal board in Hapur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Demographics

Garhmukteshwar had a population of almost 60000. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Garhmukteshwar has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 88%, and female literacy is 76%. In Garhmukteshwar, 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Famous for

Garhmukteshwar is holy place, situated at the bank of holy river Ganga. Garhmukteshwar is famous for its GANGA FAIR which held every year that takes place on the Full Moon Day in the month of Kartik. About 8 lakh persons, from far and near, come to have a dip in the river Ganges, which they consider to be holy. Another fair, held on the occasion of Dussehra, attracts about 96,47,50,000 devotees. The name of the place is derived from the great temple of Mukteshwar Mahadeva, dedicated to the goddess Ganga who is worshipped here in four temples, two situated on a high cliff and two below it. One of them is situated alongside Meerut road. The place is famous for its 80 Sati Pillars. These pillars mark the spots where Hindu widows are said to have committed sati. The town also boasts of a mosque built by Gays-ud-din Balban that bears an inscription in Arabic dating to 682 Hijri or 1283 A.D.Garhmukteshwar is also famous for its mudha udhyog. A hundreds year old Temple of Lord shiva at near Jhadina village named as Sidhnath Baba Temple and also ancient temple of Mahadev which has a huge shiv ling like Pura Mahadev and Panchi Temple is located at Jhadina khadar region.

Location

Around five kilometres from Garhmukteshwar town, flows the holy river Ganges. Garhmukteshwar is situated on the National Highways 24 joining New Delhi with Lucknow. The town is situated 100 odd kilometres from New Delhi and is the closest point from the capital where the river Ganges flows. Garhmukteshwar is also famous for its bathing fair that takes place on the Full Moon Day in the month of Kartik. About 8 lakh persons, from far and near, come to have a dip in the river Ganges, which they consider to be holy. Another fair, held on the occasion of Dussehra, attracts about 1,50,000 devotees.

History

Garh Mukteshwar was part of Teerthwal Taga ( Kaushik Tyagi)area who has a Sati Temple near Sanskrit Pathshala.Teerthwal Tyagi were the owner of this Teerth and therefore they were called Teerthwal (Teethwal)having possession of Garh Mukteshwar,Tigri and adjoing 12 villages.Teerthwal Taga were originally Kaushik brahman from village Pehrawar near Bhiwani in Haryana and set up the village Tigri along with the Holi City of Gana Mukteshwar.Pandit Antaram Sharma had all the records of Teerthwal Taga history in Garh Mukteshwar which dates back to the time of Chandra Gupta Maurya (2300 years back). At Talawdi there was a war between Muhammad Ghori and Prithvi Raj. One Jat warrior Sanjeev Bhandari from Garhwal clan became General of the Army of Malkhan. Malkhan had become popular due to support of Puran Singh.

When Sanjeev Bhandari Garhwals lost Garhmukteshwar, they came to Rajasthan and occupied Ker, Bhatiwar, Chhawsari etc. near Jhunjhunu in 13th century. As per their bards when these people came to this place, Johiya, Mohiya Rajputs were the rulers of this area. Bhats have mentioned them as Tomars. When Muslim influence increased in this area they had wars with them as a result they moved from here to there. One of these groups moved to Kuloth, which was ruled by Chauhans. After a war they occupied Kuloth. Sardar Kurdaram who was a descendant of Garhwals of Kuloth had been tehsildar of Nawalgarh.

Garhmukteshwar is also mentioned in the Bhagvat Purana and the Mahabharata. It is said that it was a part of the ancient city of Hastinapur (the capital of the Kauravas).[citation needed] The place once boasted off a very ancient fort that is said to be built by later Pandavas, brothers of Kaurvas. A Maratha general, Mir Bhawan, repaired this fort during the Anglo-Maratha war. It is said that the Fort was in so good a condition when the British took possession of the place that it was found possible to locate the District Administration in it without incurring much expense on alteration.[citation needed] Sadly, not much remains of that Fort now and one can only trace some ruins that hardly signify the much-talked glory. The name of the place is derived from the great temple of Mukteshwar Mahadeva, dedicated to the goddess Ganga who is worshipped here in four temples, two situated on a high cliff and two below it. One of them is situated alongside Meerut road. The place is famous for its 80 Sati Pillars. These pillars mark the spots where Hindu widows are said to have committed sati. The town also boasts of a mosque built by Gays-ud-din Balban that bears an inscription in Arabic dating to 682 Hijri or 1283 A.D.

At pre independence time it was under Meerut district area and Meerut has only two Tehsils one of them was Meerut Sadar Tehsil whereas otherwas Hapur Tehsil. Mahatma Gandhi once makes committee to silently capture Meerut Collector seat and Hapur Tehsil seat and makes Shri Chaudhary Raghuveer Narayan Tyagi (King of Asaurah Estate)as Collector and Atar singh as Tehsildar of Hapur tehsil. But the British force arrested all of them just before two days. Mahatma Gandhi once comes to Garhmukteshwar via train after his successful movement to thanxs Landlord of Jhadina and also financer of Meerut 1942 Quit India Movement. Mahatma Gandhi was chief guest and Chaudhary Devi Saran Tyagi, Landlord of Jhadina was organiser of program.

There is a colourful description of day to day life in Garhmukteshwar and the neighbouring Brij Ghat in Malachi.

Climate

Main article: Climate of Uttar Pradesh
Garhmukteshwar
Climate chart (explanation)
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
20
 
20
8
 
 
25
 
24
11
 
 
25
 
30
16
 
 
10
 
37
21
 
 
41
 
40
26
 
 
97
 
38
28
 
 
190
 
35
27
 
 
207
 
34
27
 
 
134
 
34
25
 
 
12
 
33
19
 
 
4
 
28
13
 
 
10
 
23
8
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
Source: World Weather Service

Garhmukteshwar has a monsoon influenced humid subtropical climate characterised by very hot summers and cool winters. Summers last from early April to late June during and are extremely hot, with temperatures reaching 43 °C (109 °F).[1] The monsoon arrives in late June and continues till the middle of September. Temperatures drop slightly, with plenty of cloud cover but with higher humidity. Temperatures rise again in October and the city then has a mild, dry winter season from late October to the middle of March[1] Lowest temperature recorded is 0.5 °C (32.9 °F).[citation needed] Rainfall is about 80 cm to 100 cm per annum, which is suitable for growing crops. Most of the rainfall is received during the monsoon. Humidity varies from 30 to 100%.[1] The city receives no snow.

Climate data for Garhmukteshwar
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 29
(84)		 32
(90)		 39
(102)		 43
(109)		 45
(113)		 46
(115)		 44
(111)		 40
(104)		 39
(102)		 38
(100)		 34
(93)		 30
(86)		 46
(115)
Average high °C (°F) 25
(77)		 29
(84)		 35
(95)		 40
(104)		 43
(109)		 43
(109)		 39
(102)		 36
(97)		 36
(97)		 35
(95)		 32
(90)		 27
(81)		 43
(109)
Average low °C (°F) 2
(36)		 4
(39)		 9
(48)		 14
(57)		 19
(66)		 21
(70)		 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 20
(68)		 13
(55)		 7
(45)		 3
(37)		 3
(37)
Record low °C (°F) −2.5
(27.5)		 −1
(30)		 2
(36)		 8
(46)		 15
(59)		 17
(63)		 16
(61)		 19
(66)		 15
(59)		 10
(50)		 1
(34)		 0
(32)		 −2.5
(27.5)
Rainfall mm (inches) 24
(0.94)		 18
(0.71)		 10
(0.39)		 5
(0.2)		 15
(0.59)		 54
(2.13)		 248
(9.76)		 332
(13.07)		 138
(5.43)		 42
(1.65)		 3
(0.12)		 8
(0.31)		 897
(35.31)
Avg. rainy days 2 1 1 0 1 3 9 11 4 1 0 0 33
% humidity 79 70 59 42 41 58 80 84 77 68 67 75 66.7
Source: Department of Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India[2]

School and College

There are many colleges and schools in the city:

  • Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Inter College
  • Adarsh Kanya Pathshala Inter College
  • K M Lal S V M Inter College
  • Janta Inter College
  • Bhagirathi Inter College
  • C J Convent School
  • D M Public School
  • Shri Bharti Bal Vidhyalya
  • Ch. Raghuveer Singh Narayan Saraswati Shishu Mandir
  • Kiddzee School From Zee Learn
  • S B Inter College Salarpur
  • S B Kanya Inter College Salarpur
  • S G R S International School Alipur
  • Lal Bahadur Shastri Inter College Bahadurgarh
  • Sarv Hiteshi Inter College Bhadsyna
  • Royal Public School DehraKuti
  • Lala Babu Baizal Mal Inter College Lodhipur
  • Ch. Mahendra Singh Degree College
  • RKGCMT Girls College
  • Bhagirathi Sanskrit Mahavidhyalya
  • Gurukul Puth
  • Vedant Institute Of Management & Technology
  • Mahatma Gandhi ITI
  • Rudra Institute
  • Lal Bahadur Shastri Mahavidyalaya
  • RSK Inter collage Simbhabli
  • Kisaan Digre Collage Simbhabli

Attractions

  • Ganga Temple

Ganga Temple: It is one of the famous tourist places. It is an ancient Ganga temple which used to have almost 101 steps leading down to the river. From those 101 steps, 85 steps are still intact at present. From all around the country, lots of devotees come to the temple to witness the gleam of Ganga along with white stone idol of Lord Brahma.

  • Mukteshwar Mahadev Temple

Mukteshwar Mahadev Temple: Mukteshwar Mahadev Temple is the ancient Shiva Temple which is located in Garhmukteshwar. This temple is said to be constructed by King Shivi. Travelers who are planning to visit the city, have to visit Mukteshwar Mahadev Temple. It has Shiva lingam in the temple which is believed to have been constructed by sage Parshuram.

  • Nahush Koop (Nakka Kuan)

Nahush Koop (Nakka Kuan): King Nahush has performed a Yajna here at the temple. He has constructed Mukteshwar Mahadev temple. The well here is known as Nahush Koop and generally water in this well comes from the Ganges.

  • Meerabai ki Reti

Meerabai ki Reti: It is another attractive tourist destination which is located just opposite to the Mukteshwar temple. It is a sandy stretch of land which is well known as Meerabai ki Reti. As per the folklore, Meerabai used to stay here and offer prayers. This is one of the beautiful temples built nearby.

  • Brijghat

Brijghat is a very beautiful place to visit. There are many temples like as Vedant Mandir, Hanuman Mandir, Amrit Parisar. The most beautiful attraction of this place is Ganga Ghat.

  • Kalpavriksha

The tree of heaven Kalpavriksha is planted at Vedant Mandir by green man Vijaypal Baghel, it's wish fulfillment divine tree has much more spiritual, religious, medicinal & environmental values. This is rare specie of holy floras.

Railways

There are two RAILWAY STATION in the city: one is GARMUKTESHWAR CITY and other is GARHMUKTESHWAR BRIDGE(BRIJGHAT). These railway station of the town lies on Delhi-Moradabad route. GARHMUKTESHWAR CITY halts more than a dozen EMU/DMU trains. Besides this, the station is very well connected to major Indian cities such as New Delhi Allahabad Lucknow Rohtak Meerut Saharanpur Mujaffarpur.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Chapter 3 – Findings: Metro Cities of India" (pdf). Central Pollution Control Board. p. 63. Retrieved 1 April 2011. 
  2. ↑ "India Weather On Web" (XHTML 1.0 Transitional). India Meteorological Department. p. 1. Retrieved 5 April 2011. 
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