Ganglionic blocker

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A ganglionic blocker (or ganglioplegic) is a type of medication that inhibits postganglionic transmission, primarily by acting as a nicotinic antagonist.[1]

Because ganglionic blockers block the parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system, the effect of these drugs depends upon the dominant tone in the organ system.[2]

Examples

The first ganglion-blocker to be used clinically was tetraethylammonium, although it was soon superseded by better drugs.[3] Other examples include hexamethonium, pentolinium, mecamylamine, trimetaphan, and pempidine.

Others include:[4]

Uses

Ganglionic blockers are used less frequently now than they were in the past, because more selective agents are now available. However, they are still used in some emergency situations, such as aortic dissection or autonomic dysreflexia.

Side-Effects

  • Cardiovascular: Orthostatic(postural) hypotension, Tachycardia
  • GIT: Dry-mouth, GIT atony,urine retention, digestive problems
  • Sexual Dysfunction: Failure of erection and ejaculation

References

  1. ↑ Ganglionic blockers at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
  2. ↑ "PHARMACOLOGY OF GANGLIONIC TRANSMISSION, 1998". Archived from the original on 2008-05-01. Retrieved 2008-10-04. 
  3. ↑ Drill's Pharmacology in Medicine, 4th Ed. (1971). J. R. DiPalma (Ed.), pp. 723-724, New York: McGraw-Hill.
  4. ↑ MeSH list of agents 82005730
Types
Classes
see Enzyme inhibition
Other
Miscellaneous
Sympatholytic (and closely related) antihypertensives (C02)
Sympatholytics
(antagonize α-adrenergic
vasoconstriction)
Central
α2 agonist
Adrenergic release inhibitors
Peripheral
Indirect
Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor
Direct
Non-selective α blocker
Other antagonists

M: VAS

anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot

noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

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