GEM (gene)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle

PDB rendering based on 2cjw.

Available structures

Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB

List of PDB id codes
2CJW, 2G3Y, 2HT6

Identifiers

GEM; KIR

External IDs

OMIM: 600164 MGI: 99844 HomoloGene: 38024 GeneCards: GEM Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• magnesium ion binding • GTPase activity • protein binding • calmodulin binding • GTP binding • GDP binding
Cellular component	• nucleus • internal side of plasma membrane
Biological process	• immune response • signal transduction • cell surface receptor signaling pathway • small GTPase mediated signal transduction
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

ENSG00000164949

ENSMUSG00000028214

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 8:
95.26 – 95.27 Mb

Chr 4:
11.7 – 11.71 Mb

PubMed search

GTP-binding protein GEM is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GEM gene.^[1]^[2]^[3]

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RAD/GEM family of GTP-binding proteins. It is associated with the inner face of the plasma membrane and could play a role as a regulatory protein in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified.^[3]

References

↑ Maguire J, Santoro T, Jensen P, Siebenlist U, Yewdell J, Kelly K (Aug 1994). "Gem: an induced, immediate early protein belonging to the Ras family". Science 265 (5169): 241–4. doi:10.1126/science.7912851. PMID 7912851.
↑ Ward Y, Yap SF, Ravichandran V, Matsumura F, Ito M, Spinelli B, Kelly K (Apr 2002). "The GTP binding proteins Gem and Rad are negative regulators of the Rho-Rho kinase pathway". J Cell Biol 157 (2): 291–302. doi:10.1083/jcb.200111026. PMC 2199248. PMID 11956230.
↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: GEM GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle".

Further reading

Cohen L, Mohr R, Chen YY, et al. (1995). "Transcriptional activation of a ras-like gene (kir) by oncogenic tyrosine kinases.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (26): 12448–52. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12448. PMC 45455. PMID 7809057.
Santoro T, Maguire J, McBride OW, et al. (1997). "Chromosomal organization and transcriptional regulation of human GEM and localization of the human and mouse GEM loci encoding an inducible Ras-like protein.". Genomics 30 (3): 558–64. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1277. PMID 8825643.
Moyers JS, Bilan PJ, Zhu J, Kahn CR (1997). "Rad and Rad-related GTPases interact with calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (18): 11832–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.18.11832. PMID 9115241.
Béguin P, Nagashima K, Gonoi T, et al. (2001). "Regulation of Ca2+ channel expression at the cell surface by the small G-protein kir/Gem.". Nature 411 (6838): 701–6. doi:10.1038/35079621. PMID 11395774.
Aresta S, de Tand-Heim MF, Béranger F, de Gunzburg J (2003). "A novel Rho GTPase-activating-protein interacts with Gem, a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases.". Biochem. J. 367 (Pt 1): 57–65. doi:10.1042/BJ20020829. PMC 1222866. PMID 12093360.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
Kelly K (2006). "The RGK family: a regulatory tail of small GTP-binding proteins.". Trends Cell Biol. 15 (12): 640–3. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2005.10.002. PMID 16242932.
Opatowsky Y, Sasson Y, Shaked I, et al. (2006). "Structure-function studies of the G-domain from human gem, a novel small G-protein.". FEBS Lett. 580 (25): 5959–64. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.09.067. PMC 1934412. PMID 17052716.
Splingard A, Ménétrey J, Perderiset M, et al. (2007). "Biochemical and structural characterization of the gem GTPase.". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (3): 1905–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M604363200. PMID 17107948.

PDB gallery

2cjw: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE SMALL GTPASE GEM (GEMDNDCAM) IN COMPLEX TO MG.GDP

2g3y: Crystal structure of the human small GTPase GEM

2ht6: Crystal structure of Human Gem G-domain bound to GDP

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