Fresolimumab

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Fresolimumab ^?
Monoclonal antibody
Type	Whole antibody
Source	Human
Target	TGF beta 1, 2 and 3
Clinical data
Legal status	Investigational
Identifiers
CAS number	948564-73-6^N
ATC code	None
KEGG	D09620^Y
Chemical data
Formula	C₆₃₉₂H₉₉₂₆N₁₆₉₈O₂₀₂₆S₄₄
Mol. mass	144.4 kDa
N (what is this?) (verify)

Fresolimumab (GC1008) is a human monoclonal antibody^[1] and an immunomodulator. It is intended for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and cancer^[2]^[3] (kidney cancer and melanoma).

It binds to and inhibits all isoforms of the protein transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β).^[2]

History

Fresolimumab was discovered by Cambridge Antibody Technology (CAT) and was one of a pair of candidate drugs that were identified for the treatment of the fatal condition scleroderma. CAT chose to co-develop the two drugs metelimumab (CAT-192) and fresolimumab with Genzyme. During early development, around 2004, CAT decided to drop development of metelimumab in favour of fresolimumab.^[4]

In February 2011 Sanofi-Aventis agreed to buy Genzyme for US$ 20.1 billion.^[5]

As of June 2011 the drug was being tested in humans (clinical trials) against IPF, renal disease, and cancer.^[6]^[7] On 13 August 2012, Genzyme applied to begin a Phase 2 clinical trial in primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis^[8] comparing fresolimumab versus placebo.

As of March 2013, Sanofi-Aventis continue to list fresolimumab in their research and development portfolio.^[9]

References

Monoclonal antibodies for the immune system

Immune system ("-l(i[m])-")

Human ("-limu-")	immunosuppression: Adalimumab Anifrolumab Atorolimumab Belimumab Brodalumab Carlumab Dupilumab Eldelumab Fresolimumab Golimumab Lerdelimumab Lirilumab Mavrilimumab Metelimumab Morolimumab Namilumab Oxelumab§ Placulumab Sarilumab Sifalimumab Tabalumab immune activation: Ipilimumab Tremelimumab Nivolumab Urelumab other: Bertilimumab Zanolimumab

Mouse ("-limo-")	Afelimomab Elsilimomab Faralimomab Gavilimomab Inolimomab Maslimomab Nerelimomab Odulimomab Telimomab aritox Vepalimomab Zolimomab aritox

Chimeric ("-lixi-")	Basiliximab Clenoliximab Galiximab Gomiliximab Infliximab Keliximab Lumiliximab Priliximab Teneliximab Vapaliximab

Humanized ("-lizu-")	immunosuppressive: Aselizumab Apolizumab Benralizumab^† Cedelizumab Certolizumab pegol Daclizumab Eculizumab Efalizumab Epratuzumab Erlizumab Etrolizumab Fontolizumab Itolizumab Lambrolizumab Lampalizumab Ligelizumab Mepolizumab Mogamulizumab Natalizumab Ocrelizumab Omalizumab Ozoralizumab Pascolizumab Pateclizumab Pexelizumab Pidilizumab PRO 140^† Reslizumab Rontalizumab Rovelizumab Ruplizumab Quilizumab Samalizumab Siplizumab Talizumab Teplizumab Tocilizumab Toralizumab Tregalizumab Vatelizumab Vedolizumab Visilizumab TGN1412^§ non-immunosuppressive: Ibalizumab^†

Chimeric + humanized ("-lixizu-")	Otelixizumab

Interleukin ("-k(i[n])-")

Human ("-kinu-")	Briakinumab Canakinumab Fezakinumab Guselkumab Secukinumab Sirukumab Tralokinumab Ustekinumab

Humanized ("-kizu-", "-kinzu-")	Anrukinzumab Clazakizumab Enokizumab Gevokizumab Ixekizumab Lebrikizumab Olokizumab Perakizumab Tildrakizumab

Inflammatory lesions ("-les-")

Mouse ("-leso-")	Besilesomab Fanolesomab^‡ Lemalesomab Sulesomab

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

M: LMC

cell/phys/auag/auab/comp, igrc

imdf/ipig/hyps/tumr

proc, drug (L3/4)

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