Frank Tudor

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The Honourable Frank Tudor

6th Leader of the Opposition Elections: 1917, 1919
In office 1916–1921
Deputy	T. J. Ryan
Preceded by	Billy Hughes
Succeeded by	Matthew Charlton
Minister for Trade and Customs
In office 1908 – 1916 (intermittently)
Member of the Australian Parliament for Yarra
In office 30 March 1901 – 18 February 1922
Preceded by	Seat created
Succeeded by	James Scullin
Personal details
Born	(1866-01-27)27 January 1866 Williamstown, Victoria
Died	10 January 1922 (age 55) Richmond, Victoria
Nationality	Australian
Political party	Australian Labor Party
Spouse(s)	Fanny Jane Mead

Francis Gwynne "Frank" Tudor (29 January 1866 – 10 January 1922) was an Australian-born felt hatter and politician. He was the leader of the Australian Labor Party from 1916 till his death.

Early life

Tudor was born to John Llewellyn Tudor, a ballastman, and Ellen Charlotte Tudor, née Burt, both of Welsh origin, on 29 January 1866 at Williamstown, Victoria. However, the family soon moved to the Melbourne suburb of Richmond, where Tudor lived all his life.^[1]

Upon leaving Richmond Central State School, and after short spells in a sawmill and a boot factory, Tudor entered the felt hat industry. Tudor apprenticed in Abbotsford and then travelled across Victoria in the hat trade. Tudor went to England, working in London, Birmingham, Liverpool and Manchester, marrying Alice Smale in Denton, Lancashire in 1894. Smale died the same year, but Tudor continued in the felt hat trade by moving to London and becoming vice-president of the local branch of the Felt Hatters' Union. In 1897 Tudor remarried to Fanny Jane Mead.^[1]

As vice-president of the union Tudor became interested in union politics (as many Labor politicians were before their entry into politics) and persuaded the British unions to adopt the union label principle. Returning to Australia, Tudor worked at Abbotsford's mills and took a seat in the Victorian Trades Hall Council. In 1900 he became president.^[1]

Entry into politics

A prominent figure in Richmond, Victoria, Tudor turned the Division of Yarra into the safest Labor seat in the country by winning that seat by a large margin in the 1901 federal election. Tudor was a deacon of the Congregational Church and angered some Protestants with his calls for Home Rule for Ireland.^[1]

Group photograph of all Federal Labour Party MPs elected at the inaugural 1901 election, including Chris Watson, Andrew Fisher, Billy Hughes, and Tudor, front left.

Tudor was immediately elected the Labor Party's whip and assistant secretary. He ascended to the position of secretary in 1904, then Minister for Trade and Customs during the three Fisher ministries, from 1908–1909, 1910–1913, 1914–1915.^[2] When Billy Hughes replaced Andrew Fisher as the Prime Minister, Tudor continued in the role of Minister for Trade and Customs until 1916, when he resigned from the Hughes ministry over his opposition to conscription.^[1]

Hughes left the Labor Party at the end of 1916 to form the Nationalist Party.^[3]

Leader of the Opposition

Tudor was elected leader of the Australian Labor Party (and consequently Leader of the Australian Opposition) in November 1917, and led his party to defeat in the 1917 federal election. Tudor's success in preventing conscription was evident when a plebiscite was held and defeated in 1916.^[1] In 1919, T. J. Ryan, Premier of Queensland, was transferred to federal politics to serve under Tudor as a deputy. Because of Tudor's ineffectual performance, the party was contemplating a new leader, and Ryan would have probably replaced Tudor had Ryan not died in 1921.^[1]

It was predicted that Tudor would lose the 1919 election. ^{[citation needed]} These predictions were correct, and Labor was defeated again. In 1921 Tudor's health declined and he was increasingly unable to carry out his duties. Nevertheless, the party did not allow him to resign. ^{[citation needed]} Tudor died in 1922.

Death

Tudor died on 10 January 1922, aged 55, the first leader of the Labor Party to die in office,^[1] and the first Opposition Leader never to become Prime Minister.

References

↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 McCalman, Janet. "Tudor, Francis Gwynne (Frank) (1866–1922)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 1 June 2007.
↑ National Archives of Australia. "Australian Labor Party: The Hon Frank Tudor". Australian Labor Party. Archived from the original on 31 August 2007. Retrieved 2 January 2008.
↑ Michael Duffy. "First World War – Who's Who – Billy Hughes". FirstWorldWar.com. Retrieved 2 January 2008.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frank Tudor (Australian politician).

Political offices
Preceded by Joseph Cook	Leader of the Opposition 1916–1922	Succeeded by Matthew Charlton
Preceded by Austin Chapman	Minister for Trade and Customs 1908–1909	Succeeded by Robert Best
Preceded by Robert Best	Minister for Trade and Customs 1910–1913	Succeeded by Littleton Groom
Preceded by Littleton Groom	Minister for Trade and Customs 1914–1916	Succeeded by Billy Hughes
Party political offices
Preceded by Billy Hughes	Leader of the Australian Labor Party 1916–1922	Succeeded by Matthew Charlton
Parliament of Australia
New division	Member for Yarra 1901–1922	Succeeded by James Scullin

v t e Leaders of the Australian Labor Party

Chris Watson Andrew Fisher Billy Hughes Frank Tudor Matthew Charlton James Scullin John Curtin Ben Chifley H. V. Evatt Arthur Calwell Gough Whitlam Bill Hayden Bob Hawke Paul Keating Kim Beazley Simon Crean Mark Latham Kim Beazley Kevin Rudd Julia Gillard Kevin Rudd Bill Shorten

v t e Australian Labor Party

Leaders (by time served)	Chris Watson Andrew Fisher Billy Hughes Frank Tudor Matthew Charlton James Scullin John Curtin Ben Chifley H. V. Evatt Arthur Calwell Gough Whitlam Bill Hayden Bob Hawke Paul Keating Kim Beazley Simon Crean Mark Latham Kim Beazley Kevin Rudd Julia Gillard Kevin Rudd Bill Shorten

Deputy leaders	Gregor McGregor Billy Hughes George Pearce Albert Gardiner Frank Anstey James Scullin Arthur Blakeley Ted Theodore Frank Forde H. V. Evatt Arthur Calwell Gough Whitlam Lance Barnard Jim Cairns Frank Crean Tom Uren Lionel Bowen Paul Keating Brian Howe Kim Beazley Gareth Evans Simon Crean Jenny Macklin Julia Gillard Wayne Swan Anthony Albanese Tanya Plibersek

Ministries	Watson Fisher 1 Fisher 2 Fisher 3 Hughes 1 2 3 4 5 Scullin Curtin 1 2 Forde Chifley 1 2 Whitlam 1 2 3 Hawke 1 2 3 4 Keating 1 2 Rudd 1 Gillard 1 2 Rudd 2

Shadow cabinets	Whitlam (1967–72) Whitlam (1975–77) Hayden Hawke Beazley (1996–2001) Crean Latham Beazley (2005–06) Rudd Shorten

Leadership contests	June 1991 December 1991 2003 2005 2006 2010 2012 March 2013 June 2013 October 2013

National Conferences	2011

Organizations	National Executive Australian Young Labor Australian Fabian Society Australian Labor Party Caucus Labor Right Ferguson Left Socialist Left Chifley Research Centre

History	Tree of Knowledge Split of 1955

Authority control	VIAF: 92305446

Persondata
Name	Tudor, Frank
Alternative names	Tudor, Francis Gwynne
Short description	Australian politician and leader of the Labor Party
Date of birth	27 January 1866
Place of birth	Williamstown, Victoria, Australia
Date of death	10 January 1922
Place of death	Richmond, Victoria, Australia

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