Fractional crystallization (chemistry)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Crystallization | |
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| Concepts | |
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Crystallization · Crystal growth Recrystallization · Seed crystal Protocrystalline · Single crystal | |
| Fundamentals | |
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Nucleation · Crystal Crystal structure · Solid | |
| Methods and technology | |
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Boules · Bridgman-Stockbarger Czochralski process · Fractional crystalliz. · Frac. freezing · Hydroth. synthesis · LHPG · Iodide process | |
In chemistry, fractional crystallization is a method of refining substances based on differences in solubility. If a mixture of two or more substances in solution is allowed to crystallize, for example by allowing the temperature of the solution to decrease, the precipitate will contain more of the least soluble substance. The proportion of components in the precipitate will depend on their solubility products. If the solubility products are very similar, a cascade process will be needed to effectuate a complete separation. This technique is often used in chemical engineering to obtain very pure substances, or to recover saleable products from waste solutions.
See also
- Crystal
- Crystal structure
- Crystallite
- Crystallization and engineering aspects
- Fractional freezing
- Laser Heated Pedestal Growth
- Recrystallization (chemistry)
- Seed crystal
- Single crystal
- Pumpable ice technology
References
- "Small Molecule Crystalization" (PDF) at Illinois Institute of Technology website
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