Fort Simpson
| Fort Simpson Liidli Kue | ||
|---|---|---|
| Village | ||
 | ||
| ||
  Fort Simpson | ||
| Coordinates: 61°51′47″N 121°21′18″W / 61.86306°N 121.35500°WCoordinates: 61°51′47″N 121°21′18″W / 61.86306°N 121.35500°W | ||
| Country | Canada | |
| Territory | Northwest Territories | |
| Region | Dehcho Region | |
| Constituency | Nahendeh | |
| Census division | Region 4 | |
| Settled | 1803 | |
| Village | 1822 | |
| Village (incorporated) | 1 January 1973 | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Sean Whelly | |
| • Senior Administrative Officer | Dean Pickering | |
| • MLA | Kevin Menicoche | |
| Area[1] | ||
| • Land | 78.32 km2 (30.24 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 169 m (554 ft) | |
| Population (2011)[1] | ||
| • Total | 1,238 | |
| • Density | 15.8/km2 (41/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | Mountain (MST) (UTC-7) | |
| • Summer (DST) | MDT (UTC-6) | |
| Canadian Postal code | X0E 0N0 | |
| Area code(s) | 867 | |
| Telephone exchange | 695 | |
| - Living cost | 137.5A | |
| - Food price index | 125.1B | |
| Website | www.fortsimpson.com | |
|
Sources: Department of Municipal and Community Affairs,[2] Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre,[3] Canada Flight Supplement[4] ^A 2009 figure based on Edmonton = 100[5] ^B 2010 figure based on Yellowknife = 100[5] | ||
Fort Simpson (Slavey language: Liidli Kue "place where rivers come together") is a village, the only one in the NT, in the Dehcho Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. The community is located on an island at the confluence of the Mackenzie and Liard Rivers. It is approximately 500 km (310 mi) west of Yellowknife. [6] Both rivers were traditionally trade routes for the Hudson's Bay Company and the native Dene people of the area.
Fort Simpson is the regional centre of the Dehcho and is the gateway to the scenic South Nahanni River and the Nahanni National Park Reserve. Fort Simpson can be reached by air, water and road and has full secondary and elementary school service. The Mackenzie Highway was extended to Fort Simpson in 1970-71.
The central section of the community is on an island near the south bank of the Mackenzie River, but industrial areas and rural residential areas are located along the highway as far as the Fort Simpson Airport, just beyond which is the Liard River ferry crossing.
Demographics
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1996 | 1,307 | — |
| 1997 | 1,295 | −0.9% |
| 1998 | 1,259 | −2.8% |
| 1999 | 1,266 | +0.6% |
| 2000 | 1,238 | −2.2% |
| 2001 | 1,255 | +1.4% |
| 2002 | 1,258 | +0.2% |
| 2003 | 1,253 | −0.4% |
| 2004 | 1,235 | −1.4% |
| 2005 | 1,242 | +0.6% |
| 2006 | 1,259 | +1.4% |
| 2007 | 1,257 | −0.2% |
| 2008 | 1,262 | +0.4% |
| 2009 | 1,272 | +0.8% |
| 2010 | 1,273 | +0.1% |
| 2011 | 1,269 | −0.3% |
| 2012 | 1,251 | −1.4% |
| Sources: NWT Bureau of Statistics (2001-2012)[5] | ||
Population is 1,238 according to the 2011 Census, an increase of 1.8% over 2006.[1] According to the 2006 Census there were 1,216 people and 820 were Aboriginal. Of these the majority, 715, of the residents are First Nations and the main languages are South Slavey and English.[7] In 2012 the Government of the Northwest Territories reported that the population was 1,251 with an average yearly growth rate of 0.1% from 2001.[5]
History
Fort Simpson was first started as a fur trading site in 1803 then named Fort of the Forks. The Village of Fort Simpson was a permanent settlement in July 1822 when the Hudson's Bay Company constructed a trading post, naming it for George Simpson, then the Governor of Rupert's Land. Until 1910 Fort Simpson was "a company town", with some participation by the Anglican and Roman Catholic Missions. The Dene know it as Liidli Kue, meaning The place where the rivers come together.[8] It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1969.[9]
Pope John Paul II attempted to visit the community in September 1984 as part of his Canadian tour, but was prevented from landing due to fog; in an address over the radio from Yellowknife, he promised to visit in the future. He did so in September 1987 near the end of the tour of the United States, making a side trip to Fort Simpson.
Culture
There are two main annual festivals which occur in Fort Simpson.
The first which is held in March is known as the "Beavertail Jamboree". This is a winter carnival which includes traditional games, snowmobile races, and talent shows.[10]
The other festival is the "Open Sky Festival" which is held annually on or around the July 1 long weekend ("Canada Day"). The Open Sky Festival is a multi-disciplinary arts festival which has occurred annually since 2001. Festival events include musical, theatrical, and other performances as well as traditional Dehcho Dene Crafts, visual arts, new media exhibitions, workshops, and demonstrations. The Open Sky festival is hosted by the Open Sky Creative Society, a multi-disciplinary arts organization serving artists working in the Dehcho region.[11]
The Dene of the community are represented by the Liidli Kue First Nation[12] and the Métis by Fort Simpson Métis Local 52.[13] Both groups belong to the Dehcho First Nations.[14]
Climate
Fort Simpson has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) with long, cold winters and warm but short summers. The average monthly temperatures range from −24.2 °C (−11.6 °F) in January to 17.4 °C (63.3 °F) in July. Most of the precipitation falls during the summer months.
| Climate data for Fort Simpson Airport | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high Humidex | 12.0 | 13.9 | 15.0 | 26.4 | 31.8 | 35.8 | 41.3 | 39.7 | 32.2 | 24.0 | 11.3 | 14.0 | 41.3 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.2 (55.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.1 (61) |
25.5 (77.9) |
32.8 (91) |
33.9 (93) |
36.6 (97.9) |
35.4 (95.7) |
30.0 (86) |
24.9 (76.8) |
12.2 (54) |
14.5 (58.1) |
36.6 (97.9) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −19.8 (−3.6) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
5.8 (42.4) |
15.0 (59) |
21.8 (71.2) |
23.7 (74.7) |
20.9 (69.6) |
13.7 (56.7) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −24.2 (−11.6) |
−20.6 (−5.1) |
−13.0 (8.6) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
8.7 (47.7) |
15.3 (59.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
14.7 (58.5) |
8.2 (46.8) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−2.8 (27) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −28.5 (−19.3) |
−25.9 (−14.6) |
−19.7 (−3.5) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
2.2 (36) |
8.8 (47.8) |
11.2 (52.2) |
8.5 (47.3) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−25.9 (−14.6) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −50.0 (−58) |
−53.3 (−63.9) |
−42.2 (−44) |
−38.3 (−36.9) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
−2.2 (28) |
−1.1 (30) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−20.6 (−5.1) |
−27.7 (−17.9) |
−41.7 (−43.1) |
−50.6 (−59.1) |
−53.3 (−63.9) |
| Wind chill | −58.9 | −54.8 | −48.5 | −44.3 | −24.7 | −5.5 | −2.7 | −4.9 | −23.7 | −35.5 | −53.2 | −59.6 | −59.6 |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 18.9 (0.744) |
17.6 (0.693) |
15.4 (0.606) |
17.0 (0.669) |
29.4 (1.157) |
51.3 (2.02) |
61.1 (2.406) |
61.4 (2.417) |
32.2 (1.268) |
39.4 (1.551) |
24.8 (0.976) |
19.1 (0.752) |
387.6 (15.26) |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | 0.2 (0.008) |
0.0 (0) |
0.1 (0.004) |
2.5 (0.098) |
21.0 (0.827) |
51.2 (2.016) |
61.1 (2.406) |
60.9 (2.398) |
28.5 (1.122) |
12.9 (0.508) |
0.1 (0.004) |
0.0 (0) |
238.6 (9.394) |
| Snowfall cm (inches) | 27.4 (10.79) |
24.2 (9.53) |
19.0 (7.48) |
17.4 (6.85) |
7.6 (2.99) |
0.1 (0.04) |
0.0 (0) |
0.5 (0.2) |
4.2 (1.65) |
29.0 (11.42) |
33.4 (13.15) |
24.3 (9.57) |
187.0 (73.62) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 10.9 | 10.6 | 9.4 | 5.6 | 8.8 | 11.3 | 12.1 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 11.8 | 12.0 | 10.7 | 124.7 |
| Avg. rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 7.1 | 11.3 | 12.1 | 11.0 | 9.8 | 4.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 57.1 |
| Avg. snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 12.8 |
| % humidity | 78.8 | 77.2 | 69.3 | 52.5 | 43.6 | 44.8 | 50.5 | 53.7 | 59.2 | 76.7 | 83.2 | 81.1 | 64.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 55.7 | 95.1 | 180.6 | 248.6 | 293.4 | 313.0 | 307.1 | 263.8 | 163.9 | 77.8 | 49.4 | 30.0 | 2,078.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 28.5 | 38.0 | 49.6 | 56.3 | 53.8 | 53.7 | 53.3 | 53.4 | 42.0 | 25.0 | 22.8 | 17.7 | 41.2 |
| Source: Environment Canada Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010[15] | |||||||||||||
See also
- List of municipalities in the Northwest Territories
- Fort Simpson Island Airport
- Fort Simpson Island Water Aerodrome
- Fort Simpson/Canadian Helicopters Heliport
- Fort Simpson/(Great Slave) Heliport
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Fort Simpson, VL Northwest Territories (Census subdivision)
- ↑ "NWT Communities - Fort Simpson". Government of the Northwest Territories: Department of Municipal and Community Affairs. Retrieved 13 January 2014.
- ↑ Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre - official names
- ↑ Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 12 December 2013 to 0901Z 6 February 2014
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Fort Simpson - Statistical Profile at the GNWT
- ↑ "Harper announces expansion of N.W.T. park". CBC News. 2007-08-08. Retrieved 2013-11-01.
- ↑ 2006 Aboriginal Population Profile
- ↑ Fort Simpson Historical Society
- ↑ Fort Simpson National Historic Site of Canada. Directory of Federal Heritage Designations. Parks Canada. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
- ↑ Explore NWT - Beavertail Jamboree
- ↑ Open Sky Creative Society
- ↑ Liidli Kue First Nation
- ↑ Fort Simpson Métis
- ↑ Dehcho First Nations
- ↑ "Fort Simpson A" (CSV (3069 KB)). Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Climate ID: 2202101. Retrieved 2014-01-09.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fort Simpson. |
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