Fort Evans

Fort Evans
Leesburg, Virginia
Coordinates	39°06′39″N 77°31′53″W / 39.1108°N 77.5313°W / 39.1108; -77.5313Coordinates: 39°06′39″N 77°31′53″W / 39.1108°N 77.5313°W / 39.1108; -77.5313
Site information
Controlled by	Confederate States Army
Site history
Built	1861
In use	1861—1862
Battles/wars	Battle of Balls Bluff
Garrison information
Past commanders	Nathan Evans D.H. Hill

Fort Evans is a Civil War-era rectangular earthen fort located in Leesburg, Virginia. It was the first of three forts constructed in 1861 to protect Leesburg from possible invasion after Virginia seceded from the Union.

History

The fort, designed by Captain John Morris Wampler in August 1861, was built the following month east of town on a 400 feet (120 m) knoll along Edwards Ferry Road to protect the approaches to the town from the Potomac River. During the Confederate occupation of Leesburg between 1861–1862, Fort Evans was the headquarters for the garrison under Brigadier Generals Nathan George Evans (after whom the fort was named) and D.H. Hill. From the fort, General Evans successfully orchestrated the defense of Leesburg during the Battle of Ball's Bluff. The fort was abandoned when the Confederates withdrew from Loudoun County to defend Richmond during the Peninsula Campaign in 1862 and briefly occupied by the Union army under John Geary during his occupation of the town that same year.

In June 1863, the fort was briefly occupied during the Gettysburg campaign by the Federal XII Corps under Major General Henry Slocum. Fort Evans guarded the approaches to Edwards Ferry, which was at the time the site of two pontoon bridges. The fort played an uneventful, but important role securing the river crossing site.

Today, the earthworks of the fort still exist off Edwards Ferry road on private property.

Design

The fort is roughly trapezoidal in shape, oriented along the principal directions axis. The north wall measures 340 feet (100 m), the east wall 340 feet (100 m), the south wall 320 feet (98 m) and the west wall 305 feet (93 m). A number of gun embrasures for the placement of batteries were put on each wall, despite the relatively small amount of artillery assigned to the garrison at Leesburg

References

• Fitzhugh, Turner ed. Loudoun County and the Civil War. Willow Bend Books; Leebsurg, Va. 1961.
• Fitts, Deborah (March 2003). "Leesburg, Va. Studies Its Forts". The Civil War News. Retrieved 2008-02-02. 

External links

• Virginia Forts
• Swain, Craig (February 2009). "Fort Evans -Defenses of Leesburg". To the Sounds of the Guns:Civil War Battlefields and Historical Markers. Retrieved 2009-06-21. 

v t e Loudoun County in the American Civil War Battles Battle of Ball's Bluff Battle of Dranesville Battle of Harpers Ferry Battle of Aldie Battle of Middleburg Battle of Upperville Skirmishes The Fight at Waterford Battle of Mile Hill The Affair at Glenmore Farm Battle of Unison Fight at Aldie Skirmish at Miskel Farm Blackleys Grove Second Dranesville Action at Mount Zion Church Battle of Loudoun Heights Heaton's Crossroads The Harmony Skirmish Raids The Burning Raid George's Schoolhouse Raid Units 35th Battalion of Virginia Cavalry 43rd Battalion of Virginia Cavalry 7th Virginia Cavalry 8th Virginia Infantry Loudoun Rangers People John Janney Elijah V. White Robert H. Chilton Samuel C. Means John Mobberly Sites Ball's Bluff Battlefield and National Cemetery Harpers Ferry National Historical Park Fort Johnston Fort Evans Fort Beauregard