Ford Transit

Ford Transit
Overview
Manufacturer	Ford Motor Company
Production	1965–present
Body and chassis
Class	Van
Chronology
Predecessor	Europe: Ford Thames 400E North America: Ford E-Series (United States, Canada) Ford Freestar (Mexico)

The Ford Transit is a range of light commercial vehicles produced by Ford Motor Company since 1965. Sold primarily as a cargo van, the Transit is also built as a passenger van (marketed as the Tourneo since 1995), minibus, cutaway van chassis, and as a pickup truck. Over seven million^[1] Transits have been produced across four basic platform generations (debuting in 1965, 1986, 2000, and 2013 respectively).

The first product of the merged Ford of Europe, the Transit was marketed through Western Europe and Australia; by the end of the 20th century, it was marketed nearly globally with the exception of North America. The Transit has been the best-selling light commercial vehicle in Europe for 40 years, and in some countries the term "Transit" has passed into common usage as a generic term applying to any light commercial van in the Transit's size bracket.^[2] While initially designed for European consumption, the Transit is now produced in Asia, North America, and Europe for worldwide buyers.

The first Transit (1953–1965)

Ford Taunus Transit
1964 Ford Taunus Transit
Overview
Also called	Ford Taunus Transit
Production	1953–1965
Assembly	Cologne, Germany
Body and chassis
Body style	3/4-door van
Layout	FR layout

Unlike the British-built Transit "family", the first production Ford to wear the "Transit" badge was a van built in Ford's Köln (Cologne) plant in Germany. It was introduced in 1953 as FK 1000 (Ford Köln carrying 1,000 kg) with a 1,3 litre straight 4 engine from the contemporary Taunus, in 1955 the engine got an enlarged capacity of 1,5 litres. From 1961, this vehicle was called the Ford Taunus Transit. Production of this model ceased in 1965. Unsurprisingly, it bore a striking resemblance to its main rival from VW. Quite unlike the much more stylish Thames 400E, produced in the UK at the same time, which was the direct ancestor of the UK Ford Transit.

Naming system

The German vehicle was not widely exported, and the "Mark 1" tag has commonly been applied, retrospectively, to the 1965 to 1978 British model (see below). Whilst there have been four basic Transit platforms since 1965, the various facelifts and upgrades over the years have been referred to using a conflicting range of "Mark" numbers, with some sources counting a facelift as a new "Mark", some not. Ford's own historical look back at Transit production, published for the launch of the 1994 model, avoids the issue by referring to generations of Transit by years produced.^[3] This article attempts to make mention of all the common naming systems.

First generation (1965–1978)

First generation
Mark I long-wheelbase Ford Transit with twin rear wheels and widened arches
Overview
Production	1965–1978
Model years	1966–1978
Assembly	Genk, Belgium Langley, Slough, England, UK Southampton, UK (1972-1978) Amsterdam, Netherlands Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey, Seaview, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
Body and chassis
Body style	3/4-door van
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	1.7L V4 2.0L V4

The first generation Transit, or the Transit Mark I in the United Kingdom,^[4] was introduced in October 1965, taking over directly from the Thames 400E, and has been in continuous production in three basic generations to the present day. The van was produced initially at Ford's Langley facility in Berkshire, England (a former Second World War aircraft factory which had produced Hawker Hurricane fighters), but demand outstripped the capability of the plant, and production was moved to Southampton until closure in 2013 in favour of the Turkish factory.^[5] Transits have also been produced in Ford's Genk factory in Belgium and also Turkey. Transits were produced in Amsterdam for the local market from the mid-1970s until the end of 1981. This factory had ample capacity, since the Ford Transcontinental produced there had little success (total production 8000 in 6 years). Although the Transit sold well in the Netherlands, it was not enough to save the factory, which closed in December 1981. The Transit is also produced in China for the Chinese market.

The Transit was introduced to replace the Ford Thames 400E, a small mid-engined forward control van noted for its narrow track which was in competition with similar-looking but larger vehicles from the BMC J4 and J2 vans and Rootes Group's Commer PB ranges. In a UK market segment then dominated by the Bedford CA, Ford's Thames competitor, because of its restricted load area, failed to attract fleet users in sufficient numbers. Ford switched to a front-engined configuration, as did the 1950s by Bedford with their well-regarded CA series vans. Henry Ford II's revolutionary step was to combine the engineering efforts of Ford of Britain and Ford of Germany to create a prototype for the Ford of Europe of today—previously the two subsidiaries had avoided competing in one another's domestic markets but had been direct competitors in other European markets.

The Transit was a departure from the European commercial vehicles of the day with its American-inspired styling—its broad track gave it a huge advantage in carrying capacity over comparable vehicles of the day. Most of the Transit's mechanical components were adapted from Ford's car range of the time. Another key to the Transit's success was the sheer number of different body styles: panel vans in long and short wheelbase forms, pick-up truck, minibuses, crew-cabs to name but a few.

The engines used in the UK were the Essex V4 for the petrol-engined version in 1.7 L and 2.0 L capacities. By using relatively short V-4 engines Ford were able to minimise the additional length necessitated to place the engine ahead of the driver.^[6] Another popular development under the bonnet was the equipping of the van with an alternator at time when the UK market competitors expected buyers to be content with a dynamo.^[6] A 43 bhp (32 kW) diesel engine sourced from Perkins was also offered. As this engine was too long to fit under the Transit's stubby nose, the diesel version featured a longer bonnet. The underpowered Perkins proved unpopular, and was replaced by Ford's own "York" unit in 1974. For mainland Europe the Transit had the German Ford Taunus V4 engine in Cologne 1.7- or Essex 2.0-litre versions. The diesel version's long nose front was also used to accommodate the Ford 3.0-litre V6 in vans supplied to police and ambulance services. In Australia, the long-nose diesel front was used to accommodate an inline 6-cylinder engine derived from the Ford Falcon.

According to the show Top Gear, British police have reported that in the 1970s 95% of all robberies in which the criminals used a vehicle, involved this type of Ford Transit.^[2]

The adoption of live axles front and rear in place of a system incorporating independent front suspension that had featured on its UK predecessor might have been seen as a backward step by some, but on the road commentators felt that the Transit's wider track and longer wheelbase more than compensated for the apparent step backwards represented by Ford's suspension choices.^[6] Drivers appreciated the elimination of the excessive noise, smell and cabin heat that resulted from placing the driver above or adjacent to the engine compartment in the Thames 400E and other forward control light vans of the 1950s and early 1960s.^[6]

Together with the facelifted 1978 version (see below), this would be the longest lived of the Transit platforms, remaining in production for a total of 21 years.

Second generation (1978–1986)

Second generation
Late Mark II Ford Transit
Overview
Production	1978–1986
Model years	1979–1986
Assembly	Genk, Belgium[7][8] Southampton, UK (1978−1986) reaching 2 million Transits on 25 July 1985 Amsterdam, Netherlands (1975–1981) Kocaeli, Turkey (Ford Otosan, Seaview, Lower Hutt, at Ford New Zealand. 1976−present)[9][10][11]
Body and chassis
Body style	3/4-door van 2-door pickup 4-door minibus 4-door crew cab 2-door chassis cab
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	petrol 1.6L V4 2.0L V4 3.0L V6 4.1L I6 diesel 2.5L V4
Dimensions
Wheelbase	SWB: 2,690 mm (105.9 in) LWB: 3,000 mm (118.1 in)

In March 1978, a facelifted version, commonly known in some markets as the Transit Mark II,^[4] debuted with a restyled nose section, lifted from the US Mk.3 Econoline, new interior, and the introduction of the Pinto engine from the Cortina in place of the Essex V4. Many fleet owners experienced premature camshaft wear in early Pinto units in the Cortina and for two years the Transit 75 was available with the 1.6 L Ford Kent "Xflo" engine. High-performance versions intended for police or ambulance use used the 3.0 L V6 version of the Essex engine, Australian variants had 4.1 L (250 cu in) inline 6-cylinder engines.

In 1984, the York diesel engine was redesigned into the 2.5 L "DI" (direct injection) unit. At this time this generation received a minor facelift including a grey plastic front grille with integrated headlamp surrounds, wraparound indicators, longer bumper end caps and multifunction rear lights incorporating fog, indicator, reversing and side lights for the panel van. This facelift did not commonly result in a new "Mark" number.

The Mark II was available in 6 body styles: Van, Kombi, Chassis Cab, Parcel Van, Bus and Crewbus all available in short-wheelbase (2690 mm) and long-wheelbase (3000 mm) versions. A selection of 5 engines was available: 1.6-litre OHC Petrol, 1.6-litre OHV Petrol (Kent), 2.0-litre OHC Petrol, 2.0-litre OHC Petrol (Economy) and 2.4-litre Diesel. On top of this were 32 door combinations, 6 axle ratios and options for 12 - 17 interior seats. All of these were available in any combination when purchased with Ford's highly customizable custom plan. At the time this gave the business sector an unprecedented amount of flexibility, which was a major factor in the vehicles' ultimate success.^[12]

Third generation (1986–2000)

Third generation
Overview
Production	1986–2000
Model years	1987–2003
Assembly	Genk, Belgium[7][8] Southampton, UK (1986−2000) Amsterdam, Netherlands (1975–1981) Kocaeli, Turkey (Ford Otosan, 1976−present)[9][10][11] Obchuk, Belarus (Ford Union, 1997−2000)[13][14][15] Hai Duong, Vietnam (1998−present)[16]
Body and chassis
Body style	3/4-door van 2-door pickup 4-door minibus 4-door crew cab 2-door chassis cab
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	2.0L I4 2.5L DI I4 2.9L V6 3.0L V6 2.5L DI I4

The third generation Transit platform appeared in January 1986 and was notable for its all-new bodyshell which was of "one-box" design (i.e. the windscreen and bonnet are at the same angle), and the front suspension was changed to a fully independent configuration on SWB versions. The engine range was carried over largely unchanged from the last of the 1978-85 generation models, although in 1989 the high-performance 3.0 V6 petrol was replaced by the Cologne 2.9 EFI V6. A subtle facelift in 1992 saw the fully independent front suspension adopted across the range, whilst a redesigned floor plan allowed the use of single, rather than paired, rear wheels on the LWB derivative, further increasing payload—these models are identifiable by the slightly more rounded front headlamps.

Facelift

A major facelift to the Transit in 1994/5 gave the Transit a new nose and dashboard, along with the 2.0 L DOHC 8-valve engine as found in the 1994 to 1998 Ford Scorpio. It is similar to the earlier Sierra DOHC unit but without the distributor and uses the updated OBD II-compliant EEC-V level engine control unit. Some of Ford's 16-valve engines, such as those found in the Scorpio, Escort RS2000 and Galaxy were also based on this block. At the same time air conditioning, electric windows, central locking, electric mirrors and airbags were all made available as optional extras.

The turbo diesel version came in 85 PS (63 kW), 100 PS (74 kW) and 115 PS (85 kW) version with an electronic fuel pump.

For the 30th anniversary of the Transit in 1995 Ford released a limited edition model called the Transit Hallmark. Six hundred were made and were available in three colours with 200 being made in each.

In Europe the VE83 Transit was available up to 2000, but in Vietnam it was built up to 2003 when it was exchanged in June for the new generation.^[16]

Fourth generation (2000–2006)

Fourth generation
Overview
Also called	Ford Tourneo
Production	2000–2006 2003–2006 (Vietnam)
Model years	2001–2006 2004–2006 (Vietnam)
Assembly	Southampton, UK (2000−2006) Amsterdam, Netherlands (1975–1981) Kocaeli, Turkey (Ford Otosan, 1976−present)[9][10][11] Obchuk, Belarus (Ford Union, 1997−2000)[13][14][15] Hai Duong, Vietnam (1998−present)[16]
Body and chassis
Body style	3/4-door van 2-door pickup 4-door minibus 4-door crew cab 2-door chassis cab
Layout	Front-engine, front-wheel drive / rear-wheel drive or four-wheel drive
Powertrain
Engine	2.3L I4 2.0L I4
Transmission	6-speed manual

The fourth generation Transit,^[17] introduced in July 2000, was the third all-new design, and borrowed styling cues from Ford's "New Edge" designs like the Focus, and Ka. Developed by Ford in the United States, the main innovation is that it is available in either front- or rear-wheel drive. Ford nomenclature makes this the V184 (rear-wheel-drive) or V185 (front-wheel-drive) model. This model features the "Puma"-type Duratorq turbo diesel engine also used in the 2000 Mondeo and Jaguar X-Type, with the petrol versions moving up to the 2.3 L 16-Valve edition of the straight-4 engine. With this engine, the Transit can reach 60 mph (97 km/h) in 21 seconds and reach a top speed of 93 miles per hour (150 km/h), returning it to car-like performance as claimed for the earliest models. A demonstration of this model's speed was shown on Top Gear in 2005, where German race driver Sabine Schmitz attempted to drive it around the Nürburgring in under ten minutes, matching Jeremy Clarkson's time in a turbodiesel Jaguar S-Type; she was unsuccessful, but only by a few seconds.

This version won the International Van of the Year 2001.

The Durashift EST automatic transmission (optional on all rear-wheel-drive models) features controls mounted on the dashboard, a specially adapted manual mode, tow-haul mode, economy mode and winter mode.

2002 saw the introduction of the first High Pressure Common Rail diesel engine in the Transit, with the launch of the 125 PS (92 kW) HPCR 2.0-litre in the FWD. Production of the van started at the new Ford-Otosan plant in Kocaeli, Turkey which saw the end of all production at the Genk, Belgium plant which had been producing Transits since 1965. This coincided with the introduction of the Transit Connect (also produced in Kocaeli), a smaller panel van based on the C170 (Focus) platform and aimed at replacing the older Escort and Fiesta based models. Despite the name, the Connect has no engineering commonality with the full-size Transit.

2003 saw a new instrument cluster with a digital odometer.

2004 saw the launch of the first RWD HPCR, the 135 PS (99 kW) 2.4-litre variant that also introduced the 6-speed MT-82 RWD manual gearbox.

The five millionth Transit rolled off the Southampton line on Monday, 18 July 2005 and was donated to an English charity.

Fifth generation (2006–2013)

Fifth generation
Overview
Also called	Ford Tourneo
Production	2006–2014 2008–2013 (China)
Assembly	Southampton (2006-2013), UK Amsterdam, Netherlands Kocaeli, Turkey (Ford Otosan)[9][10][11] Hai Duong, Vietnam[16] Tatarstan, Russia (Ford Sollers)[18] Nanchang, China
Body and chassis
Body style	3/4-door van 2-door pickup 4-door minibus 4-door crew cab 2-door chassis cab
Layout	Front engine, front-wheel drive / rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive
Powertrain
Engine	2.2L Duratorq TDCi I4 2.4L Duratorq TDCi I4 3.2L Duratorq TDCi I5 2.3L Duratec I4[19]
Transmission	5-speed manual 6-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,993 mm (117.8 in)3,749–4,318 mm (147.6–170.0 in) SWB Pickup Trucks: 3,137 mm (123.5 in) MWB Pickup Trucks: 3,504 mm (138.0 in) LWB Pickup Trucks: 3,954 mm (155.7 in)
Length	FWD: 5,230 mm (205.9 in) Minibus FWD: 3,300 mm (129.9 in) RWD: 4,883 mm (192.2 in) 14-Seat Bus RWD: 5,690 mm (224.0 in) 17-Seat Bus RWD: 6,403 mm (252.1 in) SWB Pickups: 5,118 mm (201.5 in) MWB FWD Pickup: 5,481 mm (215.8 in) MWB RWD Pickup: 5,485 mm (215.9 in) LWB Pickups: 5,935 mm (233.7 in) 6,319 mm (248.8 in) & 6,317 mm (248.7 in) 1/3-Way Tipper 350M: 5,715 mm (225.0 in) 1-Way Tipper 350L: 6,183 mm (243.4 in) 1/3-Way Tipper Cutaway SWB: 5,317 mm (209.3 in) Cutaway LWB: 5,673 mm (223.3 in) & 5,934 mm (233.6 in)
Width	FWD: 2,032 mm (80.0 in) FWD: 1,974 mm (77.7 in) RWD: 2,084 mm (82.0 in) SWB Pickups: 2,374 mm (93.5 in) MWB & LWB Pickups: 2,492 mm (98.1 in) Cutaway SWB: 1,972 mm (77.6 in) Cutaway LWB: 2,047 mm (80.6 in)
Height	Vans: 2,070 mm (81.5 in), 2,077 mm (81.8 in), 1,999 mm (78.7 in), 2,083 mm (82.0 in), 2,304 mm (90.7 in), 2,385 mm (93.9 in), 2,392 mm (94.2 in), 2,302 mm (90.6 in), 2,363 mm (93.0 in), 2,389 mm (94.1 in), 2,394 mm (94.3 in), 2,623 mm (103.3 in), 2,624 mm (103.3 in) & 2,398 mm (94.4 in) SWB Pickups: 2,032 mm (80.0 in), 2,035 mm (80.1 in) (also a high-end dimension on an MWB RWD pickup), 1,974 mm (77.7 in) & 2,030 mm (79.9 in) (also an upper-end RWD LWB pickup dimension) MWB Pickups: 2,005 mm (78.9 in), 2,017 mm (79.4 in) & 2,023 mm (79.6 in) LWB Pickups: 2,031 mm (80.0 in), 2,018 mm (79.4 in), 2,015 mm (79.3 in), 2,025 mm (79.7 in) & 2,016 mm (79.4 in) Cutaway: 2,080 mm (81.9 in)
Kerb weight	1,800 kg (3,968 lb)[20] (2.2L Duratorq, medium wheelbase, medium roof, panel van)

The fifth generation Transit,^[21] introduced in August 2006, received a facelift to the body, including new front and rear lights, a new front end and a new interior featuring the gearstick on the dashboard and Ford's new corporate radio design. Besides the styling changes, the powertrains were revised. The old petrol engine was replaced with one from the Ford Ranger, the front-wheel-drive diesel went from 2.0 to 2.2 litres capacity, and all diesel engines gained high-pressure common rail (TDCi) systems. The powertrains were changed to meet new emissions legislation. The new version (Ford nomenclature V347 for front-wheel drive and V348 for rear-wheel drive) won International Van of the Year for 2007 despite tough competition from several all-new rivals. This Transit arrived in Mexico to replace the Freestar after the 2007 model year. This was the first Transit having a five-cylinder engine.

Mid-2006 saw the launch of the "Sport Van", a production van featuring the 130 PS (96 kW) engine with additional styling parts, "Le Mans" stripes and 18-inch alloy wheels.

Late-2007 saw the launch of the 140 PS (103 kW) engine for front wheel drives (replacing the 130 PS) complete with the VMT6 6-speed manual transaxle to cope with the extra power.

The 6-speed transaxle was introduced on the mid-power FWD in late 2008 when the 110 PS (81 kW) engine was upped to 115 PS (85 kW).

In late-2008, the "coated Diesel Particulate Filter" (cDPF)—designed to meet higher emission standards than the current Euro IV requirement—was introduced as an option on all diesel engines.

Engines

• 2.2 l Diesel, 63 kW (85 PS); 2006–2012
• 2.2 l Diesel, 81 kW (110 PS); 2006−2008
• 2.2 l Diesel, 85 kW (115 PS); 2008–2012
• 2.2 l Diesel, 96 kW (130 PS); 2006−2007
• 2.2 l Diesel, 103 kW (140 PS); 2007–2012
• 2.4 l Diesel, 74 kW (100 PS); 2006–2012
• 2.4 l Diesel, 85 kW (115 PS); 2006–2012
• 2.4 l Diesel, 103 kW (140 PS); 2006–2012
• 3.2 l Diesel, 147 kW (200 PS); 2007–2012
• 2.3 l Petrol, 107 kW (146 PS); 2006–2012

Transit XXL

To celebrate the Transit's status as International Van of the Year 2007, Ford built this stretch style van — the Transit XXL. It is a unique special that is among the more expensive Transits ever.^{[citation needed]}

Sixth generation (2013–present)

Sixth generation
Full size Ford Transit (North American model)
Overview
Also called	Ford Tourneo (passenger van, outside North America)
Production	Fall 2013–present
Model years	2014–present North America: 2015 (to commence)
Assembly	Kocaeli, Turkey (Ford Otosan)[9][10][11] Claycomo, Missouri, U.S. (Kansas City Assembly)
Designer	Paul Campbell
Body and chassis
Class	Full-size van
Body style	Cargo van Passenger van Chassis cab Cutaway van
Layout	FF layout (Europe only) FR layout (All markets) Front-engine, AWD (Europe only)
Powertrain
Engine	Diesel engines 2.2L Duratorq TDCi I4 (Europe only) 2.4L Duratorq TDCi I4 (Europe only) 3.2L Duratorq/Power Stroke TDCi I5 (All markets) Petrol engines 2.3L Duratec I4 (Europe only) 3.7L Cyclone V6 (North America only) 3.5L EcoBoost V6 (North America only)
Transmission	6-speed automatic (North America only) 6-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	Cargo & passenger van 3,302 mm (130.0 in) (regular) 3,759 mm (148.0 in) (long) Cab chassis & cutaway 3,505 mm (138.0 in) (short) 3,962 mm (156.0 in) (regular) 4,521 mm (178.0 in) (long)
Chronology
Predecessor	Ford E-Series

The sixth generation of the Transit^[22] was officially launched in January 2013 at the North American International Auto Show^[23] in Detroit. In the summer of 2014, it will be released in North America for the 2015 model year.^[24]

A globally designed vehicle, the new-generation Transit was again a collaboration between Ford of Europe and Ford in North America. With its external design headed by Ford of Europe, the new Transit evolved from the New Edge styling used from the previous-generation model to the Kinetic design adopted by many of the company's global models since 2010; the interior drew cues from the third generation Ford Focus. In North America, part of the development was undertaken by Ford designers based in Detroit. As the Transit is replacing the E-Series, Ford loaned examples of the previous-generation (V347/348) Transit to high-mileage drivers in the United States for evaluation purposes and durability testing.

Worldwide production of Ford Transits takes place in two facilities; All European Transit production is from Ford Otosan in Kocaeli Province, Turkey; this factory which will also provide a percentage of global exports. North American production will be primarily sourced from Kansas City Assembly in Claycomo, Missouri on the lines used for the previous generation Ford Escape. While the front-wheel drive V347 Transit was sold alongside the E-Series in Mexico starting in 2007 (replacing the Freestar minivan), this generation of the Transit is the replacement for the E-Series and the first to be officially sold in the United States and Canada.

Transit/Tourneo Custom

As before, the Transit and Tourneo are available in both front and rear-wheel drive configurations. In a break from the previous generation, front-wheel drive low-roof versions are now a distinct model. Branded as the Transit/Tourneo Custom, it is a mid-size van intended to compete with vehicles such as the Mercedes-Benz Vito/Viano and Volkswagen Transporter T5. It was unveiled at the 2012 Commercial Vehicle Show at the National Exhibition Centre in Birmingham, England.^[25][26] Currently, the Transit Custom will not be sold in North America.

North America version

The new Transit is available in cargo van, passenger van (wagon in North America), and chassis/cutaway cab configurations. In a significant departure from the E-Series, the Transit vans/wagons come in three different roof heights; extended-wheelbase vans are available with dual rear wheels.

Outside of North America, much of the engine lineup and drivetrain configurations is carryover from the previous generation. For North America, the Transit shares the 3.7L Ti-VCT and 3.5L EcoBoost V6 engines with the F-150. The 3.2L Duratorq inline-5 diesel makes its debut in North America rebranded as a Power Stroke diesel. All versions in North America are specified with a 6-speed automatic transmission and rear-wheel drivetrain. The 3.7L Ti-VCT V6 can be converted to run on compressed natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas with an optional Gaseous Engine Prep Package.^[27]

Chinese production (2006–2013)

Ford Transit (China)
Overview
Production	2006–2013
Model years	2007–2013
Assembly	Nanchang, China
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door van
Layout	FR layout
Platform	JX6541DK-M
Powertrain
Engine	2,771 cc (2.8 L) I6
Dimensions
Wheelbase	140.55 in (3,570 mm)
Length	213.31 in (5,418 mm)
Width	77.27 in (1,963 mm)
Height	87.87 in (2,232 mm)
Kerb weight	1,920–2,030 kg (4,233–4,475 lb)

The Ford Transit VJX6541DK-M is the Chinese version and it based on its predecessors of the fourth and fifth generation. This generation is only built in Nanchang by Jiangling Motors and is reserved for the Chinese domestic market. Remarkable are the much larger headlights and the larger grille. The model was launched to the market in 2006. Overall, the generation has 70 improvements to its predecessor. The interior has been changed and made more ergonomic. Power windows are standard, but ABS is optional. The Chinese Transit is available with two diesel engines and one petrol. One of them has a power of 67.6 kW (Type JX493ZQ3), the other 68 kW (JX493ZQ4). Both diesels have a capacity of 2,771 cc. The Petrol version uses a Ford Barra engine 190 kW inline-6 motor.^{[citation needed]} The top speed is specified at 68.35 mph (110 km/h). The Chinese Transits have a VIN in following form: LJXBMCH1××T××××××.

The European 2006 Ford Transit went into production in 2008. On the Chinese market it is known as the New Transit. It is offered parallel to the 2006 China generation. The two facilities are currently manufacturing 300,000 units annually. Ford and Jiangling want to open a third plant in late 2012 to increase the annual production to further 3,000 units.^[28]

In January 2010, the Toyota recalls affected the products of the Ford Group because Ford used the same supplier (CTS Corporation). It was suspected that the accelerator pedals were defective and posed a danger. About 1600 Ford Transits of the 2006 China generation were affected by the recall.^[29]

The European models of the VE6 and VE8 generation can be given an aftermarket facelift to the Chinese version. This needs the Chinese components and manual skills. Production ended in 2013, alongside the European Transit, due to slumping sales, as the Ford of China website changed.^[30]

Variants

County 4x4

A handful of companies offered four-wheel-drive conversions, such as County Tractors of Knighton in Powys,^[31] who converted vans on behalf of Ford as a Special Vehicle Operations factory option. The first Transit County models were based on the Mk2 Transit model, both long and short wheelbase. The conversion used a Dana 44F front axle and a NP208 transfer box, both lifted from the Ford Bronco, coupled to the regular Transit engine, gearbox and rear axle using three custom propshafts. The Transit rear axle was retained, mounted to a rear subframe or 'lift cradle' to give the extra ride height. Other modifications were 16-inch wheel rims, locking front hubs, a heavy-duty steering box and 305 mm diameter front brake discs.

With the introduction of the Mk3 Transit in 1986 came the next generation of the County 4x4. This would prove to be a very popular and successful version of the County Transit 4x4, and the last to use the Dana beam axle layout. Later County 4x4 models switched to using an independent front suspension setup which was inherently more complex in design than the earlier beam axle models. Later panel vans also lost the twin-wheel rear axle that had been fitted on earlier LWB versions.

Mainly used by utility companies such as National Grid, the Ministry Of Defence, and by mountain rescue teams, the Transit County 4x4 proved to be a capable vehicle both on and off road, with the ability to carry both crew and equipment just about anywhere.

Design and supply of drivetrain components for County 4x4 models passed to Countytrac, a division of M.J. Allen Ltd, who are still involved in the development of the latest Mk7 AWD Transit and Connect models.

Tourneo

Introduced as part of the 1995 redesign of the Transit, the Tourneo is a Transit-based 8 or 9-seat minibus, but over the model years has become increasingly better trimmed to the point where it can almost be classified as a large MPV. Featuring back seats and back windows similar to a minivan, the Tourneo is also considered an executive transport vehicle and is often supplied with alloy wheels. Since its introduction, the Tourneo has followed the same development cycle as the Transit; both versions receive updates at the same time.

A smaller minivan version of the Tourneo was introduced in 2002; branded the Tourneo Connect, it was based on the Transit Connect mini MPV.

Media

A number of promotional Supervans were built, combining the outline and appearance of the Transit with the chassis and performance of a sports racing car.

Television

Top Gear UK

A Mark 4 Transit was used by Jeremy Clarkson in Man With Van Challenge that took place in BBC's Top Gear TV show in Series 8, Episode 8, which was first aired on 30 July 2006. The Transit finished second vs. a Suzuki Super Carry and a large Transit-based LDV Convoy luton. This involved buying a van for under £1000, and several tests representing (stereo)typical van use: a quarter-mile drag race (cross-city speed); loading, carrying, and disgorging a load of furniture (space, access); tailgating (visibility, control); replacing a "damaged" door (maintenance); a police chase (handling), etc. The Transit upheld its reputation for agility by performing particularly well in the final chase, "resisting arrest" much longer than the slow LDV and unstable Suzuki, which overturned at the first curve.

A Mark 6 Ford Transit was used in a Top Gear challenge to celebrate the Transit's 40th birthday, was titled "Lap the Nürburgring in less than 9 minutes and 59 seconds... in a van", and took place in Series 6, Episode 8, which was first broadcast on 10 July 2005. In the segment, Sabine Schmitz drove the Transit around the Nürburgring to see if she could beat presenter Jeremy Clarkson's time in a Jaguar S-Type Diesel of 9 minutes 59 seconds. However, her best time was 10 minutes 8 seconds despite reducing the weight of the van.

Two Mark 7 Ford Transits was used by the Top Gear team in Challenge, part 1 of Series 20, Episode 4, which was first broadcast on 21 July 2013. In the episode the trio transform a Ford Transit into a hovercraft with the intent of bringing relief to the areas of Britain that are flood-stricken. The "hovervan" sinks, and the presenters then go on to blame each other.

Top Gear Australia

A modified Mark 3 Transit was also used in Top Gear Australia's Ashes Special and Top Gear series 16 episode 2, where Richard Hammond (UK) raced the van against a Holden Maloo pickup driven by Shane Jacobson (Australia) in a drag race. Unknown to Hammond and the Australians, the 'van' was actually Jaguar's XJ220 testbed, which featured the XJ220's twin-turbocharged engine and running gear underneath a Transit bodyshell.^[32][33] Hammond subsequently won the drag race, beating the Maloo by a considerable - albeit un-measured - margin.

Film

Ford Transit, a 2002/2003 documentary by Dutch-Palestinian film director Hany Abu-Assad features the titular bus as the primary means of transport for Palestinians. The different travelers from all walks of life express opinions about Palestinian life and politics during that time in and around occupied territories. The bus was supplied by the Israeli police department to the Palestinian Authority to facilitate the transport of people in the territories.

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ford Transit.

• Official Ford Transit website

v t e Ford automobile timeline, European market, 1960s–1980s — next »
Type	1960s										1970s										1980s
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5
Supermini																	Fiesta I							Fiesta II
Small family car	Anglia 105E / Super Anglia 123E								Escort I							Escort II					Escort III
Large family car	Consul II		Cortina I				Cortina II				Cortina III / Taunus TC						Cortina IV/Taunus TC			Cortina V/Taunus TC			Sierra
	Taunus P1		Taunus P4				Taunus P6
		Classic		Corsair
Executive car	Taunus P3				Taunus P5			Taunus P7a		Taunus P7b
													Consul (Granada)
													Granada I						Granada II
	Zephyr II		Zephyr 4/6 III					Zephyr 4/6 IV
	Zodiac II		Zodiac III					Zodiac IV & Executive
Coupé		Consul Capri						OSI		Capri I					Capri II				Capri III
Van	Taunus Transit					Transit I													Transit II

v t e « previous — Ford automobile timeline, European market, 1980s–present
Type	1980s										1990s										2000s										2010s
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3
City car														Ka I													Ka II
Supermini	Fiesta I			Fiesta II						Fiesta III						Fiesta IV							Fiesta V						Fiesta VI
Small family car	Escort III / Orion I						Escort IV / Orion II				Escort V / Orion III			Escort Vb		Escort VI			Focus I						Focus II							Focus III
Large family car	Taunus III / Cortina V		Sierra I					Sierra II						Mondeo I				Mondeo II			Mondeo III							Mondeo IV						Mondeo V
Executive car	Granada II					Scorpio I / Granada III									Scorpio II
Sports car	Capri																	Puma
										Probe										Cougar
Compact SUV														Maverick								Maverick							Kuga
Mini MPV																							Fusion										B-MAX
Compact MPV																								C-MAX I							C-MAX II
Large MPV																											S-MAX
																Galaxy I						Galaxy II					Galaxy III
LAV												Courier III				Courier IV							Transit Connect I										Transit Connect II
Minivan	Transit II						Transit III														Transit IV							Transit V						Transit VI
Pick-up																			Ranger I								Ranger II						Ranger III
North America	Sold under the same name																	Sold under a different name

v t e Ford of Europe Ford Motor Company Divisions and subsidiaries Current Carrozzeria Ghia Ford of Britain Ford Germany Ford Retail Group Defunct Ford SAF Facilities Current Ford Aachen research center Bridgend Engine Cologne Body & Assembly Craiova Plant Dagenham Plant Dunton Technical Centre Genk Body & Assembly Lommel Proving Grounds Merkenich Technical Centre Otosan Assembly Saarlouis Body & Assembly Valencia Plant Vsevolozhsk Assembly Former Cork Halewood Southampton Trafford Park Passenger cars Current B-Max C-Max Fiesta Focus Galaxy Ka Kuga Mondeo S-Max Past 7W 7Y Anglia Capri Classic Comète Consul Corsair Cortina Cougar C Ten CX Eifel Fusion Escort Granada GT Köln Maverick Orion Pilot Popular Prefect Probe Puma Rheinland RS200 Scorpio Sierra Squire Taunus Vedette Y Zephyr Commercial vehicles Minibuses Tourneo Tourneo Connect Trucks (defunct) Cargo Trader Transcontinental Vans Current Connect Transit Past 300E 307E 400E Courier E83W Escort Category

v t e « previous - Ford Motor Company light truck timeline, United States & Canada, 1980s–present
Type		1980s										1990s										2000s										2010s
		0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	0	1	2	3	4
Crossover	Compact																						Escape							Escape					Escape
	Mid-size																												Edge
	Full-size																										Freestyle			Taurus X			Explorer
																															Flex
Sport-utility vehicle	Compact					Bronco II					Bronco II
	Mid-size												Explorer				Explorer							Explorer				Explorer
	Full-size	Bronco							Bronco					Bronco					Expedition						Expedition				Expedition
																						Excursion							Expedition EL/Max
Pickup truck	Compact	Courier			Ranger						Ranger				Ranger					Ranger
	Mid-size																						Explorer Sport Trac						Explorer Sport Trac
	Full-size	F-Series (all)							F-Series (all)					F-Series (all)					F-150/F-250							F-150					F-150
														SVT Lightning							SVT Lightning											SVT Raptor
																					Super Duty									Super Duty			Super Duty
Van	Compact MPV																															Transit Connect				Transit Connect
																																			C-MAX
	Minivan							Aerostar						Aerostar
																	Windstar				Windstar					Freestar
	Full-size	Econoline												Econoline/E-Series

v t e Ford vehicles Ford Motor Company Current production models Cars B-MAX C-MAX/Grand C-MAX Falcon FG Falcon G-Series Fiesta Figo Fusion/Mondeo Focus Ka Mustang Taurus SHO Police Interceptor Sedan Pickup Trucks Courier F-Series Ranger SVT Raptor Super Duty Transit SUVs/Crossovers EcoSport Edge Escape/Kuga Expedition & EL/Max Explorer Everest / Endeavour Flex Territory Vans E-Series Econovan Galaxy S-MAX Tourneo/Transit Courier Connect Custom Transit/Tourneo Van/Wagon Commercial Trucks Cargo Super Duty F-350/F-450/F-550 F-650/F-750 Former production models (by date of introduction) 1900s Model A/AC Model B Model C Model F Model K Model N Model R Model S Model T 1910s–1920s Model TT Model A Model AA 1930s–1940s Model B Model BB Model Y Köln Rheinland Model 48 Model C Ten Eifel Model CX 1937 Ford Model 7W Model 7Y E83W Prefect Anglia 1941 Ford Vedette Pilot Soybean Car 1949 Ford 1950s 1952 Ford 1955 Ford 1957 Ford C-Series Trucks Consul Country Sedan Country Squire Courier Del Rio Edsel (Brand) Fairlane Galaxie Mainline Parklane Popular Ranchero Squire Taunus Thunderbird Versailles Zephyr 1960s 1960 Ford Bronco Capri Corcel Corsair Cortina Escort (Europe) Executive Fairlane Thunderbolt Ford Falcon GT40 H-Series Trucks LTD N-Series Trucks Torino W-Series Trucks 1970s Elite Fairmont Granada (Europe) Granada (North America) L-Series Trucks Landau (Australia) Maverick (North America) P100 Pinto 1980s Aerostar Bantam Bronco II Del Rey Escort (North America) EXP Festiva Laser / Lynx / Tierra / Meteor LTD Crown Victoria Orion Probe Pronto Ford Ranger (North America) RS200 Scorpio Sierra Telstar Tempo Verona 1990s Aspire Contour Cougar Crown Victoria & Police Interceptor Maverick Puma Windstar ZX2 2000s Activa Excursion Explorer Sport Trac Fairlane (Australian) Five Hundred Freestar Fusion (Europe) Freestyle/Taurus X GT Ikon i-MAX (Taiwan) Maverick (Europe) Sportka/Streetka Other Bestselling models Concept vehicles List of Mercury vehicles List of Lincoln vehicles Tractors Trucks Category Commons