Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski
| Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski | |
| Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland 27th Prime Minister of the Second Republic | |
| In office May 15, 1936 – September 20, 1939 | |
| President | Ignacy Mościcki |
| Vice PM | Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski |
| Preceded by | Marian Zyndram-Kościałkowski |
| Succeeded by | Władysław Sikorski |
| Personal details | |
| Born | June 9, 1885 Gąbin, Congress Poland |
| Died | August 31, 1962 (aged 77) London, United Kingdom |
| Resting place | Brompton Cemetery, London |
| Spouse(s) | Jadwiga Szoll |
| Profession | Physician, military officer |
| Religion | Calvinism[1] |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Poland |
| Service/branch | Polish Legions Polish Army |
| Years of service | 1914 - 1939 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Awards | Virtuti Militari |
Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski (Polish pronunciation: [fɛˈlit͡sjan ˈswavɔj skwatˈkɔfskʲi]; 9 June 1885,[2] Gąbin - 31 August 1962[2]) was a Polish physician,[3] general and politician who served as Polish Minister of Internal Affairs and was the last Prime Minister of Poland before World War II.
Biography
Składkowski studied medicine at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, graduating in 1911. He then worked as a physician in Sosnowiec. He fought in the Polish Legions in World War I and later in the Polish-Soviet War of 1919-1921. In 1924, as a Brigadier-General, he was appointed head of the Polish military health service by Józef Piłsudski.
After the May Coup of 1926, Składkowski served as Minister of the Interior,[3] a post he held (with one short break)[2] until June 1931. After that, he was appointed Deputy Minister of War.
On 13 May 1936 Składkowski became Prime Minister[4] and Minister of the Interior. He was Poland's longest serving Prime Minister in the inter-war years, his cabinet lasting for 3 years and 4 months,[5] until 30 September 1939.[4][6] He was also the first Polish Protestant (he was himself Calvinist) to hold that position.
While serving as Prime Minister, he was appalled by the lack of sanitation in many of Poland's villages, and issued a decree that every household in Poland must have a latrine in working order. This prompted many village-dwellers to erect wooden sheds in their backyards for this purpose, which have been subsequently dubbed "slawojkis".
After the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939, he fled to Romania and was interned there.[7] After the German occupation of Romania in 1940[citation needed], he went to Turkey and thence to Palestine. In 1947, he went to London, where he died in 1962.[2] He is buried in Brompton Cemetery, London.
Honours and awards
- Silver Cross of the Virtuti Militari
- Grand Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta
- Cross of Independence
- Cross of Valour (three times)
- Gold Cross of Merit
- Academic Golden Laurel of the Polish Academy of Literature (1935)
and many international awards.
Składkowski has received honorary citizenship of Czeladz and Gabin.
References
- ↑ Składkowski, Felicjan Sławoj (2003). "Wstęp". In Arkadiusz Adamczyk. Nie ostatnie słowo oskarżonego. Warszawa. pp. VI. ISBN 83-88736-32-9.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 http://www.generals.dk/general/S%C5%82awoj-Sk%C5%82adkowski/Felicjan/Poland.html
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Waclaw Jedrzejewicz Piłsudski: A Life for Poland Hippocrene, 1982 ISBN 0-87052-747-9 Page 246
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Norman Davies White Eagle Red Star Pimlico, 1972 ISBN 0-7126-0694-7 Page 272
- ↑ Richard Watt Bitter Glory Hippocrene, 1998 ISBN 0-7818-0673-9 Page 351
- ↑ Jozef Garlinski 'Poland in the Second World War Macmillan, 1985 ISBN 0-333-39258-2 Page 48
- ↑ Stanislaw Mikolajczyk The Pattern of Soviet Domination Sampson Low, Marston & Co 1948 Page 6
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Marian Kościałkowski-Zyndram |
Prime Minister of Poland 1936–1939 |
Succeeded by Władysław Sikorski (Prime Minister of the Polish Republic in Exile) |
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