Exostema
| Exostema | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cinchonoideae |
| Genus: | Exostema (Persoon) Richard ex Bonpland |
| Type species | |
| Exostema caribaeum (Jacquin) Roemer & Schultes | |
Exostema is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It consists of trees and shrubs, endemic to the neotropics, with most of the species occurring in the West Indies.[1] Estimates of the number of species range from 25 [1] to 44.[2]
The type species for the genus is Exostema caribaeum.[3] It is a tree of Central America and the Caribbean. Its lumber is of limited use.[1]
Exostema was first named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon as a subgenus of Cinchona.[4] It was first validly published as a genus by Aimé Bonpland in 1807.[5][6] The generic name is derived from the Ancient Greek words, exo, meaning "outside", and stema, "a stamen".[7]
Exostema is probably polyphyletic.[8]
Description
Exostema is a genus of neotropical trees and shrubs. The flowers have a slender corolla tube with recurved corolla lobes. The stamens are inserted near the base of the corolla tube and exserted well beyond its mouth. The anthers are long and basifixed.[9]
Species
The following species list may be incomplete or contain synonyms.
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4
- ↑ Exostema At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Kew Gardens Website. (see External links below).
- ↑ Exostema In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
- ↑ Christiaan Hendrik Persoon. 1805. Synopsis plantarum,seu Enchiridium botanicum, complectens enumerationem systematicam specierum hucusque cognitarum /curante. 1:196. (see External links below).
- ↑ Exostema in International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).
- ↑ Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland. 1807. Plantes équinoxiales recueillies au Mexique :dans l'île de Cuba, dans les provinces de Caracas, de Cumana et de Barcelone, aux Andes de la Nouvelle Grenade, de Quito et du Pérou, et sur les bords du rio-Negro de Orénoque et de la rivière des Amazones. 1:131. F. Schoell: Paris, France. (see External links below).
- ↑ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9 (vol. II).
- ↑ Ulrika Manns and Birgitta Bremer. 2010. "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56(1):21-39. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002
- ↑ Tim McDowell and Birgitta Bremer. 1998. "Phylogeny, diversity, and distribution in Exostema (Rubiaceae): implications of morphological and molecular analyses". Plant Systematics and Evolution 212(3-4):215-246.
External links
- Exostema At: Search Page At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Index by Team At: Projects At: Science Directory At: Scientific Research and Data At: Kew Gardens
- Exostema At: Index Nominum Genericorum At: References At: NMNH Department of Botany At: Research and Collections At: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
- subgenus Exostema In: Volume 1 Of: Synopsis Plantarum (Persoon) At: Titles At: Biodiversity Heritage Library
- Exostema At: Plant Names At: IPNI
- Exostema In: Volume 1 Of: Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland Sixieme Partie Botanique Plantes Équinoxiales At: Titles At: Biodiversity Heritage Library
- Exostema At: List of Genera At: Rubiaceae At: List of families At: Families and Genera in GRIN At: Queries At: GRIN taxonomy for plants
- Exostema At: Chiococceae At: Cinchonoideae At: Rubiaceae In: ··· Embryophyta At: Streptophytina At: Streptophyta At: Viridiplantae At: Eudaryota At: Taxonomy At: UniProt