Exophiala dermatitidis
| Exophiala dermatitidis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Ascomycetes |
| Order: | Chaetothyriales |
| Family: | Herpotrichiellaceae |
| Genus: | Exophiala |
| Species: | E. dermatitidis |
| Binomial name | |
| Exophiala dermatitidis (Kano) de Hoog (1977) | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Hormiscium dermatitidis Kano (1934)[2] | |
Exophiala dermatitidis is a species of anamorphic fungus in the family Herpotrichiellaceae.[7] Related to the black yeasts, it is one of the most commonly isolated fungi that cause primary cerebral phaeohyphomycosis, an infection caused by molds and yeasts that have cell walls pigmented brown due to melanin. E. dermatitidis has a worldwide distribution, although most reported cases of cerebral infection are from East Asia. It can be found in soil, feces, plants and fruit, although its ecological niche has not yet been determined. The fungus is commonly isolated from the walls of saunas and steam baths, an environment it which it thrives due to its thermophilic nature. Its heat tolerance may be due to polysaccharides it produces that protect it from heat stress.[8]
The relative ease with which its genome can be manipulated make this species a model organism "for the more than 100 other dematiaceous (melanized) agents of human disease".[9]
It has been implicated as a possible cause of chromoblastomycosis.[10]
References
- ↑ "Exophiala dermatitidis (Kano) de Hoog 1977". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
- ↑ Kano K. (1934). "A new pathogenic Hormiscium Kunze causing chromoblastomycosis". Aichi Igakkai Zasshi (in Japanese) 41: 1657–73.
- ↑ Carrión AL. (1950). "Yeastlike dematiaceous fungi infecting the human skin: Special reference to so-called Hormiscium dermatitidis". Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology 61 (6): 996–1009. PMID 15419816.
- ↑ Conant NF, Smith DT, Baker RD, Callaway JL, Martin DS. (1954). Manual of Clinical Mycology (2 ed.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: WB Saunders. p. 276.
- ↑ Emmons CW, Binford CH, Utz JP. (1963). Medical Mycology. London, UK: Henry Kimpton. p. 291.
- ↑ McGinnis MR. (1977). "Wangiella dermatitidis, a correction". Mycotaxon 6 (2): 367–9.
- ↑ de Hoog GS, Hermanides-Nijhof EJ. (1977). The Black Yeasts and Allied Hyphomycetes. Studies in Mycology 15. Baarn, The Netherlands: Centralbureis voor Schimmelcultures. pp. 1–222 (see p. 118).
- ↑ Reiss E, Shadomy HJ. (2011). Fundamentals of Medical Mycology. John Wiley & Sons. p. 500. ISBN 978-0-470-17791-4.
- ↑ Szaniszlo PJ. (2002). "Molecular genetic studies of the model dematiaceous pathogen Wangiella dermatitidis". International Journal of Medical Microbiology 292 (5–6): 381–90. doi:10.1078/1438-4221-00221. PMID 12452284.
- ↑ Palmer PES, Reeder MM. (2001). Imaging of Tropical Diseases: With Epidemiological, Pathological, and Clinical Correlation. Springer. p. 575. ISBN 978-3-540-56028-9.