Executive Yuan
| Executive Yuan | |
|---|---|
| 行政院 | |
 | |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 25 October 1928 |
| Jurisdiction |
 Republic of China |
| Headquarters | Taipei City |
| Employees | 407 |
| Agency executives |
Jiang Yi-huah, President Mao Chi-kuo, Vice President Chen Wei-zen, Secretary-General Chien Tai-lang, Chen Ching-tsai, Deputy Secretary-General |
| Website | www.ey.gov.tw (English) |
| Executive Yuan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 行政院 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Executive Yuan (EY; Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn; Wade–Giles: Hsing2-cheng4 Yüan4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hêng-chèng Īⁿ) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (ROC).
Organization and structure
It is headed by a president (often translated as premier), and has a vice president (vice premier), and ten cabinet ministers, various chairpersons of commissions, and five to seven ministers without portfolio as its members. The vice premier, ministers, and chairpersons are appointed by the President of the Republic of China on the recommendation of the premier.[1]
Its formation, as one of five Yuans of the government, stemmed from the Three Principles of the People, the constitutional theory of Sun Yat-sen, but was adjusted constitutionally over the years to adapt to the situation in Taiwan by changes in the laws and the Constitution of the Republic of China.
Ministries
| Title Name Executive (Ministry) | Minister | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| English Name | Hanzi | Pinyin | |
| Interior | 內政 | Nèizhèng | Lee Hong-yuan |
| Foreign Affairs | 外交 | Wàijiāo | David Lin |
| National Defense | 國防 | Guófáng | Yen Ming |
| Finance | 財政 | Cáizhèng | Chang Sheng-ford |
| Education | 教育 | Jiàoyù | Chiang Wei-ling |
| Justice | 法務 | Făwù | Luo Ying-shay |
| Economic Affairs | 經濟 | Jīngjì | Chang Chia-juch |
| Transportation and Communications | 交通 | Jiāotōng | Yeh Kuang-shih |
| Health and Welfare | 衛生福利 | Wèishēng Fúlì | Chiu Wen-ta |
| Culture | 文化 | Wénhùa | Lung Ying-tai |
Councils and Commissions
Empowered by various laws, or even the Constitution, under the Executive Yuan several individual boards are formed to enforce different executive functions of the government. Unless regulated otherwise, the chairs are appointed by and answer to the Premier. The committee members of the boards are usually (a) governmental officials for the purpose of interdepartmental coordination and cooperation; or (b) creditable professionals for their reputation and independence.
- Council of Agriculture
- Atomic Energy Council
- Hakka Affairs Council
- Council of Indigenous Peoples
- Council of Labor Affairs
- Mainland Affairs Council
- National Development Council
- National Science Council
- Public Construction Commission
- Veterans Affairs Council
Minister-presided Commissions
According to Articles three and four of the organic law of the Executive Yuan, the commissioners of following two commissions hold the rank of minister.
Independent Commissions
There are, or would be, five independent executive commissions under the Executive Yuan. The chiefs of these five institutions would not be affected by any change of the Premier. However, the related organic laws are currently under revision or dispute.
- Central Bank
- Central Election Commission
- Fair Trade Commission
- Financial Supervisory Commission
- National Communication Commission
Directorates General
- Environmental Protection Administration
- Coast Guard Administration
Authorized by Article Five of the organic law of the Executive Yuan:
Authorized by Article Nine of the amendments of the Constitution of the Republic of China:
National Museum
Organizations no longer under Executive Yuan
Due to periodical restructuring of the government body, there are some agencies which may be dissolved or be merged with other bigger and more active agencies. Based on Executive Yuan website, the following bodies are no longer the agencies of Executive Yuan:[2]
- Aviation Safety Council
- Consumer Protection Commission: an executive commission authorized by the law of Consumer Protection.
- National Disaster Prevention and Protection Commission: a task-force-grouped committee authorized by the law of Disaster Prevention and Protection.
Dissolved or cease to function
- National Unification Council in 27 February 2006
- Government Information Office in 20 May 2012[3]
- Council for Economic Planning and Development in 21 January 2014
- Research, Development and Evaluation Commission in 21 January 2014
Ministers without portfolio
In the Executive Yuan, the current ministers without portfolio are:[4]
- Lin Junq-tzer, also serving as the Governor of Taiwan Province
- Huang Kuang-nan (黃光男)
- Chang San-cheng (張善政)
- Yang Chiu-hsing (楊秋興)
- Kuan Chung-ming, also serving as the Minister of National Development Council
- Schive Chi, also serving as the Governor of Fujian Province
- Joyce Feng (馮燕)[5]
- Chen Shi-shuenn, also service as the Minister of Public Construction Commission
- Jaclyn Tsai, also serving as the Minister of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission
Executive Yuan Council
The Executive Yuan Council, commonly referred to as "The Cabinet" (內閣), is the chief policymaking organ of the ROC government. It consists of the premier, who presides over its meetings, the vice premier, ministers without portfolio, the heads of the ministries, and the heads of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission and the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission. The secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general of the Executive Yuan also attend, as well as heads of other Executive Yuan organizations by invitation, but they have no vote. Article 58 of the Constitution empowers the Executive Yuan Council to evaluate statutory and budgetary bills concerning martial law, amnesty, declarations of war, conclusion of peace or treaties, and other important affairs before submission to the Legislative Yuan.
Relationship with the Legislative Yuan
A common scene in Taiwanese news consists of ministers being asked harsh questions by legislative committees. Legally, the Executive Yuan must present the Legislative Yuan with an annual policy statement and an administrative report. The Legislative Yuan may also summon members of the Executive Yuan for questioning.
Whenever there is disagreement between the Legislative Yuan and Executive Yuan, the Legislative Yuan may pass a resolution asking the Executive Yuan to alter the policy proposal in question. The Executive Yuan may, in turn, ask the Legislative Yuan to reconsider. Afterwards, if the Legislative Yuan upholds the original resolution, the premier must abide by the resolution or resign. The Executive Yuan may also present an alternative budgetary bill if the one passed by the Legislative Yuan is deemed difficult to execute.
Leaders
Executive Yuan Presidents
Executive Yuan Vice Presidents
Executive Yuan Secretary-Generals
- Authur Iap (20 May 2004 – 1 February 2005)
- Lee Ying-yuan (1 February 2005 – 19 September 2005)
- Liu Yuh-san (19 September 2005 – 21 May 2007)
- Chen Chin-jun (21 May 2007 – 20 May 2008)
- Hsueh Hsiang-chuan (20 May 2008 – 10 September 2009)
- Lin Join-sane (10 September 2009 – 5 February 2012)
- Lin Yi-shih (6 February 2012 – 29 June 2012)
- Chen Shyh-kwei (10 July 2012 – 18 February 2013)
- Chen Wei-zen (18 February 2013 – incumbent)
Transportation
The Executive Yuan building is accessible within walking distance East from Taipei Railway Station or West from Shandao Temple Station of the Taipei Metro.
See also
References
- ↑ http://www.ey.gov.tw/cp.aspx?n=3EA60BA0B2A3AF8B
- ↑ http://www.ey.gov.tw/en/cp.aspx?n=DC6266AD4F1349A5
- ↑ http://www.ey.gov.tw/en/cp.aspx?n=95097CAF31185CC1
- ↑ http://www.ey.gov.tw/en/cp.aspx?n=6F2BABB1EADE6E42
- ↑ http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2013/07/30/385061/p2/Defense-chief.htm
External links
- Official website (English)
- Official website (Chinese)
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