Evelyn, Princess Blücher

Evelyn Princess Blücher
Born	10 Sept, 1876 Brighton, Sussex
Died	20 Jan, 1960 Worthing
Education	Private
Occupation	Diarist and Memoirist
Spouse(s)	Gebhard Leberecht Blücher von Wahlstatt II.
Parents	Frederick Stapleton-Bretherton and the Hon. Isabella Petre

St Bartholomew's Church, Rainhill, burial place of Evelyn Princess Blücher

Evelyn Fürstin Blücher von Wahlstatt (10 September 1876 – 20 January 1960), diarist and memoirist, wrote a standard account of life as a civilian aristocrat in Germany during World War I.

Early life

Princess Blücher was an Englishwoman, the daughter of Frederick Stapleton-Bretherton of a Catholic landed gentry family by Isabella, daughter of William Bernard Petre, 12th Baron Petre. They settled in Rainhill, Lancashire, living in what was then Rainhill Hall, now Loyola Hall.^[1] She was also the granddaughter of Bartholomew Bretherton (1806-1874), a jockey, who rode many times in the Grand National as an amateur rider, winning the race in 1840.^[2] On 19 August 1907, she married Gebhard Blücher von Wahlstatt, the fourth Fürst (Prince) Blücher (1865–1931), an Anglophile descended from the great Prussian General-Field-Marshal Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (1742–1819), the first Prince, who had contributed notably to the allied victory at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.^[3] Her sister, Gertrude Stapleton-Bretherton, married Vice-Admiral Kenneth Dewar (1879-1964) who was in the Battle of Jutland.

World War I

After leaving the Channel Islands, where the family had taken the lease of Herm, the smallest of the habitable islands, she spent the War years with the Prince in Germany, where he commanded a hospital train for the Silesian Order of Malta. Here she kept a diary, describing life in Berlin and at the family estate of Krieblowitz (now Krobielowice) in Silesia (now Poland), from the point of view of an English exile among the deeply conservative Prussian nobility. This became the basis for her account of the war published as Princess Blucher, English Wife in Berlin: a private memoir of events, politics and daily life in Germany throughout the War and the social revolution of 1918 (Constable, 1920).^[4]

It remains a well-known source of information on life in Germany during World War I. It describes the last weeks of the German Empire, with the decline of the old order, the fall of the monarchy, and the appalling social conditions that led to Spartacist uprisings and the German Revolution as the country became a failed state:^[5]

There is intense cold here, such as has not been known for more than half a century. There are shivering throngs of hungry care-worn people picking their way through snowy streets... We are all gaunt and bony now, and have dark shadows around our eyes. Our thoughts are chiefly taken up with wondering what our next meal will be, and dreaming of the good things that once existed.

Her memoirs were translated into French and German and reprinted many times, becoming a minor classic.^[6]

• Princesse Blücher, Une anglaise à Berlin: notes intimes de la Princesse Blücher sur les évènements, la politique et la vie quotidienne en Allemagne au cours de la guerre et de la révolution sociale en 1918 (Paris: Payot 1922)
• Evelyn Fürstin Blücher von Wahlstatt, Tagebuch mit einem Vorwort v. Gebhart Fürst Blücher von Wahlstatt (München: Verlag für Kulturpolitik 1924)

With Maj. Desmond Chapman-Huston, she edited her husband's Memoirs of Prince Blücher, describing his life and family, with an account of his great ancestor, Marshal Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher.

In later life, Princess Blücher returned to England, where she lived near the Brompton Oratory in Kensington. She died in Worthing in 1960 and is buried, next to her husband, in the cemetery of St Bartholomew's Church, Rainhill, Lancashire.^[1]

References

External links

• Great War Resources on suffering in Germany
• "The Great War and the Shaping of the 20th Century" mini-series, where she was voiced by Helen Mirren
• The First World War, another mini-series that used her diary as a resource