European Union statistics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Statistics in the European Union are collected by Eurostat (European statistics body).

Area and population

EU population cartogram

As of 1 January 2006, the population of the EU was about 493 million people.[1] Many countries are expected to experience a decline in population over the coming decades,[2] though this could be offset with new countries planning to join the EU within the next 20 years. The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 80.4 million people. France and Ireland have the highest birth-rates.[3] The most densely populated country is the island of Malta, which is also the smallest, while the largest in area is France. The least densely populated country is Finland.

Population figures in the table below are from 2006 or 2007 estimates. The highest and lowest figures in each column have been marked in bold.

Member State Population
in millions 		Population
% of EU 		Area
km2 		Area
% of EU 		Pop. density
People/km2
 European Union 494.8 100% 4,422,773 100% 112
 Austria 8.3 1.7% 83,858 1.9% 99
 Belgium 10.5 2.1% 30,510 0.7% 344
 Bulgaria 7.7 1.6% 110,912 2.5% 70
 Croatia 4.3 0.9% 56,594 1.3% 75.8
 Cyprus 0.8 0.2% 9,250 0.2% 84
 Czech Republic 10.3 2.1% 78,866 1.8% 131
 Denmark 5.4 1.1% 43,094 1.0% 126
 Estonia 1.4 0.3% 45,226 1.0% 29
 Finland 5.3 1.1% 337,030 7.6% 16
 France[4] 65.03 13.% 643,548 14.6% 111
 Germany 80.4 16.6% 357,021 8.1% 225
 Greece 11.1 2.2% 131,940 3.0% 84
 Hungary 10.1 2.0% 93,030 2.1% 108
 Ireland 4.2 0.8% 70,280 1.6% 60
 Italy 58.8 11.9% 301,320 6.8% 195
 Latvia 2.3 0.5% 64,589 1.5% 35
 Lithuania 3.4 0.7% 65,200 1.5% 52
 Luxembourg 0.5 0.1% 2,586 0.1% 181
 Malta 0.4 0.1% 316 0.0% 1,261
 Netherlands 16.4 3.3% 41,526 0.9% 394
 Poland 38.1 7.7% 312,685 7.1% 122
 Portugal 10.6 2.1% 92,931 2.1% 114
 Romania 21.6 4.4% 238,391 5.4% 91
 Spain 44.7 9.0% 504,782 11.4% 87
 Slovakia 5.4 1.1% 48,845 1.1% 111
 Slovenia 2.0 0.4% 20,253 0.5% 99
 Sweden 9.1 1.8% 449,964 10.2% 20
 United Kingdom 60.7 12.3% 244,820 5.5% 246

Economy

For statistics relating to economy, please see Economy of the European Union.

EU budget

The primary resource for funding the European Union is the contributions sought from member states. Each member state contributes to the EU budget, and receives funding back from the EU, depending on the relative wealth of the states, i.e. their ability to pay.

The table below shows the contributions as a percentage of the total budget. This takes into account the special considerations given to the United Kingdom to reduce its contribution through a rebate. Expenditure in Luxembourg, Belgium and France include items for the EU administrative centres in each of those countries.

Member State Total contribution
in Euro		 Total contribution
as % of total EU budget		 Total expenditure
year 2006 in Euro		 Total expenditure
as % of total EU budget		 Net contribution
in Euro
 European Union 105,259,468,772 100.00%106,575,500,000100.00%−1,316,031,228
 Germany 22,218,438,941 21.11%12,242,400,00011.49%9,976,038,941
 France 17,303,107,859 16.44%13,496,200,00012.66%3,806,907,859
 Italy 14,359,479,157 13.64%10,922,300,00010.25%3,437,179,157
 United Kingdom 13,739,900,046 13.05% 8,294,200,0007.78%5,445,700,046
 Spain 8,957,286,488 8.51% 12,883,000,00012.09%−3,925,713,512
 Netherlands 5,552,933,781 5.28% 2,190,400,0002.06%3,362,533,781
 Belgium 4,035,286,807 3.83% 5,625,100,0005.28%−1,589,813,193
 Sweden 2,832,862,800 2.69% 1,573,400,0001.48%1,259,462,800
 Austria 2,308,432,030 2.19% 1,830,100,0001.72%478,332,030
 Denmark 2,130,860,212 2.02% 1,501,900,0001.41%628,960,212
 Poland 2,099,087,114 1.99% 5,305,600,0004.98%−3,206,512,886
 Greece 1,882,611,879 1.79% 6,833,700,0006.41%−4,951,088,121
 Finland 1,544,832,284 1.47% 1,280,400,000 1.20%264,432,284
 Portugal 1,443,049,602 1.37% 3,634,800,0003.41%−2,191,750,398
 Ireland 1,341,281,313 1.27% 2,461,800,0002.31%−1,120,518,687
 Hungary 1,003,119,411 0.95% 1,842,200,0001.73%−839,080,589
 Czech Republic 932,392,859 0.89% 1,330,000,0001.25%−397,607,141
 Slovakia 393,148,777 0.37% 696,200,0000.65%−303,051,223
 Slovenia 299,993,572 0.29% 406,000,0000.38%−106,006,428
 Luxembourg 241,439,011 0.23% 1,194,800,0001.12%−953,360,989
 Lithuania 221,997,405 0.21% 799,800,0000.75%−577,802,595
 Cyprus 144,556,416 0.14% 239,600,0000.22%−95,043,584
 Latvia 115,205,431 0.11% 402,600,0000.24%−287,394,569
 Estonia 100,756,308 0.10% 300,000,0000.28%−199,243,692
 Malta 57,409,269 0.05% 157,000,0000.14%−99,590,731
 Bulgaria 360,600,000 0.34%−360,600,000
 Romania 693,100,000 0.65%−693,100,000

Proportion of non-EU nationals

In most EU cities, a proportion of the population consists of people who are not nationals of the European Union.

Top 10 Cities
Rank City Proportion
%
1 Tallinn, Estonia 27.8
2 Cayenne, French Guiana (France) 22.7
3 Athens, Greece 16.7
4 Frankfurt, Germany 16.3
5 Munich, Germany 16.2
6 Vienna, Austria 14.4
7 Augsburg, Germany 14.3
8 Cologne, Germany 14.0
9 Wiesbaden, Germany 13.9
10 Bonn, Germany 13.5
Bottom 10 Cities
Rank City Proportion
%
1 Konin, Poland 0.0
= Suwałki, Poland 0.0
= Żory, Poland 0.0
2 Kielce, Poland 0.1
= Poznań, Poland 0.1
= Toruń, Poland 0.1
= Lublin, Poland 0.1
= Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland 0.1
= Gdańsk, Poland 0.1
= Katowice, Poland 0.1

Freedom and governance-related rankings

There are many indices available on issues such as corruption, development, and freedom.

Freedom of the press

EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
1  Finland 1
2  Netherlands 2
3  Luxembourg 4
4  Denmark 6
5  Sweden 10
6  Estonia 11
7  Austria 12
8  Ireland 15
9  Czech Republic 16
10  Germany 17
11  Belgium 21
12  Poland 22
13  Slovakia 23
14  Cyprus 24
EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
15  Portugal 28
16  United Kingdom 29
17  Lithuania 33
18  Slovenia 35
19  Spain 36
20  France 37
21  Latvia 39
22  Romania 42
23  Malta 45
24  Hungary 56
25  Italy 57
26  Greece 84
27  Bulgaria 87

Reporters sans frontières conducts an annual survey on the freedom of the press and produces scores (not shown here) for each country. In 2013, Finland was proclaimed as having the freest press in the European Union, and indeed the world, with a score of 6.38. Bulgaria was ranked as having the least free press, with a score of 28.58.

Economic freedom

EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
1  Denmark 9
2  Ireland 11
3  Estonia 13
4  United Kingdom 14
5  Luxembourg 15
6  Finland 16
7  Netherlands 17
8  Sweden 18
9  Germany 19
10  Lithuania 22
11  Austria 25
12  Czech Republic 29
13  Belgium 40
14  Cyprus 41
EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
15  Slovakia 42
16  Spain 46
17  Hungary 47
18  Malta 48
19  Latvia 55
20  Poland 57
21  Romania 59
22  Bulgaria 60
23  France 62
24  Portugal 67
25  Slovenia 76
26  Italy 83
27  Greece 117

An index of Economic Freedom is produced by the Wall Street Journal and the Heritage Foundation. It uses 50 different variables to compile the survey, in areas such as trade policy and government intervention. Ireland ranks highest amongst EU nations in terms of these variables.

A similar index produced by the World Economic Forum is its Global Competitiveness Index.

Source: 2013 Index of Economic Freedom.

Colour Codes
Free
Mostly Free
Moderately Free
Mostly Unfree

Perception of corruption

EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
1  Denmark =1
=  Finland =1
3  Sweden 4
4  Netherlands =9
5  Luxembourg =11
6  Germany =13
7  Belgium 16
8  United Kingdom =17
9  France =22
10  Austria =25
=  Ireland =25
12  Cyprus 29
13  Spain =30
14  Estonia 32
15  Portugal =33
EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
16  Slovenia =37
17  Poland =41
18  Malta =43
19  Hungary =46
20  Lithuania =48
21  Czech Republic =54
=  Latvia =54
23  Slovakia =62
24  Romania =66
25  Italy =72
26  Bulgaria =75
27  Greece =94

Transparency International is an international NGO publishing an annual Global Corruption Report indicating the perception of corruption around the world. The rankings of the table refer to the Corruption Perceptions Index 2012 .

Human development

EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
1  Netherlands 4
2  Germany 5
3  Ireland =7
=  Sweden =7
5  Denmark 15
6  Belgium 17
7  Austria =18
8  France 20
9  Finland =21
10  Slovenia =21
11  Spain 23
12  Italy 25
13  Luxembourg =26
14  United Kingdom =26
EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
15  Czech Republic 28
16  Greece 29
17  Cyprus 31
18  Malta 32
19  Estonia =33
20  Slovakia 35
21  Hungary 37
22  Poland 39
23  Lithuania 41
24  Portugal 43
25  Latvia 44
26  Romania 56
27  Bulgaria 57

The Human Development Index is a measure produced by the United Nations which covers three aspects of human development:

  • poverty (GDP per capita)
  • education (mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling)
  • health (life expectancy)

The rankings of the table refer to the UNDP Human Development Report 2013 (2012 data). The UN lists all EU member states except Romania and Bulgaria as countries with very high human development.

Income equality

EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
1  Denmark 2
2  Sweden 4
3  Czech Republic 5
4  Slovakia 6
5  Hungary 10
=  Finland 10
7  Germany 14
8  Slovenia 15
9  Austria 18
10  Bulgaria 19
11  Netherlands 25
12  Romania 26
EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
13  France 32
14  Belgium 33
15  Ireland 40
=  Greece 40
17  Poland 44
18  Spain 47
19  Estonia 50
20  Lithuania 51
=  Italy 51
=  United Kingdom 51
23  Latvia 57
24  Portugal 59

Income inequality, measured by the gini coefficient is how evenly incomes are distributed through the population. Denmark has the least income inequality with a gini coefficient score of 24.4, whilst Portugal has the most income inequality with a score of 38.5. Malta, Luxembourg, and Cyprus have no statistics available, and so are not included in this table. These statistics have been compiled by the United Nations (see )

Ease of doing business

EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
1  Denmark 5
2  United Kingdom 10
3  Finland 12
4  Sweden 14
5  Ireland 15
6  Lithuania 17
7  Germany 21
8  Estonia 22
9  Latvia 24
10  Netherlands 28
11  Austria 30
12  Portugal 31
13  Slovenia 33
14  Belgium 36
EU
Rank 		Member State Global
Rank
15  France 38
16  Cyprus 39
17  Poland 45
18  Hungary 47
19  Slovakia 49
20  Spain 52
21  Bulgaria 58
22  Luxembourg 60
23  Italy 65
24  Greece 72
25  Romania 73
26  Czech Republic 75
27  Croatia 89
28  Malta 103

The Ease of Doing Business Index is created by the World Bank and based on the study of laws and regulations, with the input and verification by more than 3,500 government officials, lawyers, business consultants, accountants and other professionals who routinely advise on or administer legal and regulatory requirements.

The data in the table are from the 2014 report.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Total Population as of 01.01.06", EUROSTAT. Retrieved 12 November 2006.
  2. ↑ "The EU's baby blues", BBC News, 27 March 2006. Retrieved 10 July 2006.
  3. ↑ "France claims EU fertility crown ", BBC News, 16 January 2007. Retrieved 10 February 2007.
  4. ↑ Figures for France include the four overseas departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Réunion) which are integral parts of the European Union, but do not include the overseas collectivities and territories, which are not part of the European Union. Figures for Metropolitan France proper are: population 63.6 million, area 551 695 km², and population density 113/km².
  5. ↑ http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Chapters/DB14-Mini-Report.pdf

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