Eurocopter EC635
The Eurocopter EC635 is a 3-ton multi-purpose helicopter developed by Eurocopter Group as a military version of the Eurocopter EC 135. It is a twin-engined aircraft and can carry up to 8 people, including the pilot, and a range of military equipment or armaments. The helicopter is marketed for troop transport, medical evacuation, cargo transport, reconnaissance and surveillance and armed combat support missions.[1]
Development
The Eurocopter EC635 was developed to meet a Portuguese Army requirement for a light fire support and medical evacuation helicopter, as part of its programme for the raise of a specialist army aviation unit, the UALE. The EC635 was first revealed at the Aviation Africa exhibition in May 1998 and the Portuguese Ministry of Defence subsequently signed an agreement for nine EC635 T2 helicopters equipped with Turbomeca Arrius 2B2 engines, at a cost of €35 million in October 1999.[2] Delivery of the first Portuguese aircraft was expected to begin in 2001; however, continual delays in production led to the Portuguese Ministry of Defence canceling the contract in August 2002, citing Eurocopter's failure to deliver all aircraft between August 2001 and April 2002 as the reason. Eurocopter claimed that disagreements over the integration of weapons systems on the helicopter were the reason for the cancellation.[3]
The Royal Jordanian Air Force agreed to purchase the 9 Portuguese helicopters in October 2002 and the first aircraft was delivered in July 2003. Jordan ordered a further 4 helicopters in January 2006 and deliveries of all machines were completed in 2007.
In April 2006, the Swiss Defence Procurement Agency (Armasuisse) ordered 20 EC635's for the Swiss Air Force, to replace the aging Aérospatiale Alouette III in performing transport and advanced training missions.[4] The first four aircraft will be built by Eurocopter, with the remaining 16 being built by RUAG Aerospace in Alpnach, Switzerland, and deliveries expected to be completed between March 2008 and December 2009.[5]
Design
The EC635 is based on the Eurocopter EC 135, improving upon the design for military operations and able to carry weapons systems. The helicopter is fitted with a choice of powerplants, depending on customer requirements, and can be powered by two Pratt & Whitney Canada PW206B2 (EC635 P2+), or two Turbomeca Arrius 2B2 (EC635 T2+). The powerplant is mounted over the baggage compartment and features a Full Authority Digital Engine Control system. The engines power a fibre-reinforced composite Bearingless Main Rotor (BMR) with four blades, and the familiar Fenestron enclosed tail rotor, both of which reduce vibration and noise levels. Vibration levels are further reduced by a built-in Anti Resonance Isolation System (ARIS). The EC635 can be fitted with either a conventional cockpit consisting of a traditional dashboard, or a glass cockpit, which utilizes a Thales 'Avionique Nouvelle' suite with MEGHAS Flight Control Display System and active matrix liquid crystal displays.
There are four configurations designed by Eurocopter for the EC635. The Troop Transport version can be fitted with utility seats to carry up to 7 troops with a pilot, or passenger seats to carry up to 6 people and a pilot. The Medical Evacuation version can carry 1 or 2 litters with up to 5 seated medical workers. The Cargo Transport version has 4.9 m³ (173.04 ft³) of space for cargo, while the Armed Mission version is equipped with specialist equipment and weapons for combat. The helicopter can also be fitted with a FLIR camera turret, an infra-red capable search light, SAR weather radar and electronic equipment for Observation Missions.
Operational history
In March 2008, the Swiss Air Force received 18 EC635 P2's. The helicopters are to replace their aging fleet of Alouette IIIs in the utility and training role, two of the aircraft are in VIP configuration.[4][6] Back in September 2008, the Swiss arms procurement agency Armasuisse confirmed media reports that the aircraft delivered to Switzerland suffered from substantial construction deficiencies that made them prone to inflight instabilities.[7]
Variants
- EC635 T1
- Certified in 2001, same design as the EC135 T1 with structural reinforcement of cabin structure and powered by two Turbomeca Arrius 2B2 turbine engines.
- EC635 P2
- Powered by two Pratt & Whitney Canada PW206B2 turbine engines.
- EC635 T2
- Powered by two Turbomeca Arrius 2B2 turbine engines.
- EC635 P2+
- Certified in 2006, same design as the EC135 T2+ with structural reinforcement of cabin structure and powered by two PW206B2 turbine engines.
- EC635 T2+
- Certified in 2006, same design as the EC135 P2+ with structural reinforcement of cabin structure and powered by two Arrius 2B2 turbine engines.
Operators
Specifications (EC635 P2)
Data from Eurocopter EC635[9] fas.org[10]
General characteristics
- Crew: 1 pilot
- Capacity: up to 8 troops or 1,443 kg (3,181 lb) payload
- Length: 10.21 m (33 ft 6 in)
- Height: 3.62 m (11 ft 11 in)
- Empty weight: 1,467 kg (3,234 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 2,900 kg (6,393 lb)
- Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PW206B2 turboshaft engines, 609 kW (817 hp) each
- Main rotor diameter: 10.2 m (33 ft 6 in)
- Main rotor area: 81.7 m2 (879 sq ft)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 259 km/h (161 mph; 140 kn)
- Cruising speed: 254 km/h (158 mph; 137 kn)
- Never exceed speed: 278 km/h (173 mph; 150 kn)
- Range: 650 km (404 mi; 351 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 6,095 m (19,997 ft)
- Rate of climb: 10.9 m/s (2,150 ft/min)
See also
- Related development
- Bölkow Bo 105
- Eurocopter EC 135
- Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
- Related lists
- List of helicopters
References
- ↑ http://www.eurocopter.com/site/en/ref/Overview_147.html
- ↑ Helis.com - Nine EC635 Helicopters For The Portuguese Army
- ↑ Helis.com - Portugal Cancels EC635 Contract
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Eurocopter EC635". Swiss Air Force. 15 December 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2011.
- ↑ Flug Revue - Switzerland Orders 20 EC635s
- ↑ Eurocopter Press Release - First Eurocopter EC635 For Swiss Air Force Takes To The Air
- ↑ Capodici, Vincenzo (28 September 2008). "VBS-Flopp: Kippgefahr bei Helis" (in German). Tages-Anzeiger web portal (Newsnetz). Retrieved 2008-09-28.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "World Air Forces 2013". Flightglobal Insight. 2013. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
- ↑ "Eurocopter EC635 Technical Data Manual". Eurocopter. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
- ↑ "EC635 - Light Utility Helicopter (LUH)."fas.org, 12 May 2009.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eurocopter EC 635. |
- Eurocopter EC635 webpage
- Air Force Technology - Eurocopter EC635
- Deagel.com - EC635
- Federation of American Scientists - EC635 Light Utility Helicopter (LUH)
- Global Security.org - EC635 Light Utility Helicopter (LUH)
- European Aviation Safety Agency Type Certificate Data Sheet
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