Ethoxyquin

Ethoxyquin[1]
IUPAC name 6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline
Identifiers
CAS number	91-53-2 Y
PubChem	3293
ChemSpider	3177 Y
UNII	9T1410R4OR Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL172064 Y
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES O(c2ccc1c(\C(=C/C(N1)(C)C)C)c2)CC
InChI InChI=1S/C14H19NO/c1-5-16-11-6-7-13-12(8-11)10(2)9-14(3,4)15-13/h6-9,15H,5H2,1-4H3 Y Key: DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C14H19NO/c1-5-16-11-6-7-13-12(8-11)10(2)9-14(3,4)15-13/h6-9,15H,5H2,1-4H3 Key: DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYAT
Properties
Molecular formula	C14H19NO
Molar mass	217.31 g mol−1
Melting point	< 25 °C
Boiling point	123–125 °C at 2 mmHg
Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Ethoxyquin is a quinoline-based antioxidant used as a food preservative (E324) and a pesticide (under commercial names such as "Stop-Scald"). It is commonly used as a preservative in pet foods to prevent the rancidification of fats. Ethoxyquin is also commonly used in spices to prevent color loss due to oxidation of the natural carotenoid pigments.^[2]

There has been some speculation that ethoxyquin in pet foods might be responsible for multiple health problems. To date, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has only found a verifiable connection between ethoxyquin and buildup of protoporphyrin IX in the liver, as well as elevations in liver-related enzymes in some animals, but there are no known health consequences from these effects.^[3] In 1997, the Center for Veterinary Medicine has asked pet food manufacturers to voluntarily limit ethoxyquin levels to 75 ppm until further evidence is reported.^[3] However, most pet foods that contain ethoxyquin have never exceeded this amount.^[3]

Ethoxyquin has been shown to be slightly toxic to fish.^[4]

Ethoxyquin is not permitted for use in Australian foods nor is it approved for use within in the European Union,^[5] it is an accepted additive in the U.S.A (most likely the only reason is due to the FDA approving this pesticide safe for U.S citizens). Other than USA it is also widely used in other third world countries which have very poor food controls in place, which is in contrast to all other first world countries that have banned the use of this poison [pesticide] in their citizens food due to possible and serious health concerns.

Even though it has been approved for use in foods and as a spray insecticide for fruits Eethoxyquin has surprisingly not been thoroughly tested for its carcinogenic potential. For a long time been suggested it is a possible carcinogen, a very closely related chemical 1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline has been shown to cause carcinogenic activity in rats, as well as a Manson et al (1987) study suggested Ethoxyquins potential for carcinogenic effect.^[6]

References