Eskilstuna

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For other uses, see Eskilstuna (disambiguation).

Eskilstuna
Eskilstuna River and Gamla Stan (Old Town)
Eskilstuna
Coordinates: 59°21′59″N 16°30′30″E / 59.36639°N 16.50833°E / 59.36639; 16.50833Coordinates: 59°21′59″N 16°30′30″E / 59.36639°N 16.50833°E / 59.36639; 16.50833
Country	Sweden
Province	Södermanland
County	Södermanland County
Municipality	Eskilstuna Municipality
Founded	1659
Area^[1]
• Total	31.05 km² (11.99 sq mi)
Elevation	26 m (85 ft)
Population (31 December 2010)^[1]
• Total	64,679
• Density	2,083/km² (5,390/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	630 03 to 638 21
Area code(s)	(+46) 16
Website	Official website

Eskilstuna (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɛskils.ˈtʉːna]) is a city and the seat of Eskilstuna Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden with 97 692 inhabitants in 2012.^[1] Eskilstuna has a large Sweden Finn population.^[2] The town is located on the River Eskilstunaån, which connects Lake Hjälmaren and Lake Mälaren.

History

Klosters church of Eskilstuna

Eskilstuna's history dates back to medieval times when English monk Saint Eskil made "Tuna" his base and diocese of the South coast of Lake Mälaren. Saint Eskil was stoned to death by the pagan vikings of neighbouring town Strängnäs, 30 kilometres (19 miles) east of Eskilstuna, trying to convert them to Christianity. Saint Eskil was buried in his monastery church in Tuna. Later the pagan city of Strängnäs was Christianised and was given the privilege of becoming diocese of South Lake Mälaren. Later "Eskil" was added in to the word "Tuna". However, the town of Eskilstuna did not receive municipal privileges due to its proximity to the medieval city of Torshälla. The monastery of Saint Eskil was completely destroyed by Swedish king Gustav Vasa during the Protestant Reformation and was replaced with the royal castle of Eskilstuna House. The city's first city privileges were granted in 1659, and its boundaries included Tunafors and the newly founded town of Karl Gustavs Stad ("City of Karl Gustav"), located on the west side of the river. Karl Gustavs Stad was built around the iron forges of master smith Reinhold Rademacher, encouraged by King Karl X Gustav. The first products of the forges were small arms and artillery.

Rademachersmedjorna

Karl Gustavs Stad was a free town from 1771, where manufacturers and craftsmen were allowed to establish tax-free workshops and factories. The town was merged with the rest of Eskilstuna in 1879.

The city grew enormously during the Industrial Revolution and became one of the most important industrial cities of Sweden, earning the nickname "Stålstaden" ("The City of Steel"). Aside from firearms, the city also produced cutlery, scissors, keys, machine tools and precision instruments. As a tribute to the steel industry, the figure of a steel worker is included in the city's coat of arms. Eskilstuna is sometimes called The Sheffield of Sweden, Sheffield being a (much larger) industrial city famous for the quality (and quantity) of the steel produced there. Both cities at their peak were home to numerous different companies involved in steel production.

Eskilstuna remains an important industrial city with internationally known companies such as Volvo Wheel loaders, main site for the heavy construction equipment division of Volvo, Assa (locks, keys), and Stainless steel manufacturer Outokumpu, Thin Strip Nyby in Torshälla.

The modern co-establishment of the Mälardalen University (Mälardalens högskola) together with the twice as large neighbouring city of Västerås, has also given Eskilstuna an academic touch. The city also has a combined zoo and amusement park - Parken Zoo.

Climate

Climate data for Eskilstuna
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	8 (46)	10 (50)	19 (66)	23 (73)	27 (81)	32 (90)	35 (95)	33 (91)	27 (81)	21 (70)	15 (59)	10 (50)	35 (95)
Average high °C (°F)	−2 (28)	−1 (30)	2 (36)	10 (50)	15 (59)	20 (68)	22 (72)	19 (66)	14 (57)	8 (46)	4 (39)	−1 (30)	10 (50)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−4 (25)	−3 (27)	−1 (30)	6 (43)	10 (50)	14 (57)	18 (64)	16 (61)	11 (52)	5 (41)	2 (36)	−3 (27)	6 (43)
Average low °C (°F)	−6 (21)	−7 (19)	−3 (27)	3 (37)	6 (43)	10 (50)	15 (59)	13 (55)	8 (46)	3 (37)	0 (32)	−5 (23)	4 (39)
Record low °C (°F)	−37 (−35)	−27 (−17)	−20 (−4)	−12 (10)	−6 (21)	−1 (30)	5 (41)	3 (37)	−1 (30)	−13 (9)	−23 (−9)	−30 (−22)	−37 (−35)
Source #1: SMHI
Source #2: Swedish Wikipedia

Sport

The most successful sports clubs of the city are the Smederna Speedway motorcycle racing club, which had to withdraw from the top league due to bankruptcy in 2009, and the still very successful handball club GUIF, which remains in the top division.

Eskilstuna is also home to EFK (Eskilstuna Flygklubb), Sweden's largest glider Flying Club which hosted the World Gliding Championships in 2006.

The stadium Tunavallen was a venue for the 1958 FIFA World Cup, hosting one match between Paraguay and Yugoslavia. It has also been used for several practice games for the Swedish National Youth Teams. Sports clubs using Tunavallen include Eskilstuna City FK and IFK Eskilstuna. Eskilstuna Södra FF are based at Skogsängens IP and BK Sport is based at Ekhagen.

Transport

Eskilstuna is served by the Svealandsbanan railway line between Stockholm and Hallsberg. European route E20 also passes the city. The city also has an airport, 13 km (8 mi) east of the centre.

European Cooperation

Eskilstuna is a member city of Eurotowns network^[3]

Notable natives

In the arts, Eskilstuna has been home to ABBA's Anni-Frid Lyngstad. Other musicians from the town include singer Towa Carson & drummer Mika "Gas" Karppinen. Pianist David Wenngren, aka Library Tapes and electronic musician and composer Robert Bush also hails from Eskilstuna.

A number of sportspeople originate from Eskilstuna, including footballers Sebastian Larsson, Kennet Andersson and Mika Väyrynen, tennis player Kent Carlsson, motorcyclist Tommy Jansson, table-tennis player Kjell Johansson, speed-skater Tomas Gustafson, bowler Robert Andersson and golfer Anna Nordqvist