Erythroxylum

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Erythroxylum

Erythroxylum tortuosum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Malpighiales
Family:	Erythroxylaceae
Genus:	Erythroxylum P. Browne
Species
About 250, including: Erythroxylum amazonicum Erythroxylum areolatum Erythroxylum argentatum Erythroxylum australe - Brigalow Erythroxylum Shrub Erythroxylum brownianum Erythroxylum campestre Erythroxylum carinatus Erythroxylum cataractarum Erythroxylum citrifolium Erythroxylum coca - coca Erythroxylum cumanense Erythroxylum deciduum Erythroxylum ecarinatum - Brown Plum Erythroxylum ellipticum - Kerosene Wood or Turpentine Tree Erythroxylum fimbriatum Erythroxylum glaucum Erythroxylum gracilipes Erythroxylum hypericifolium Erythroxylum impressum Erythroxylum incrassatum Erythroxylum laurifolium Erythroxylum lucidum Erythroxylum macrocnemum Erythroxylum macrophyllum Erythroxylum mamacoca Erythroxylum monogynum Erythroxylum montanum Erythroxylum mucronatum Erythroxylum novogranatense - Colombian Coca & Trujillo Coca Erythroxylum ovalifolium Erythroxylum ovatum Erythroxylum panamense Erythroxylum pelleterianum Erythroxylum pulchrum Erythroxylum recurrens Erythroxylum retusum Erythroxylum rotundifolium Erythroxylum shatoni Erythroxylum steyermarkii Erythroxylum ulei Erythroxylum vacciniifolium, syn. Erythroxylum catuaba - Catuaba Erythroxylum zambesiacum

Fruits of Erythroxylum deciduum

Erythroxylum (=Erythroxylon) is a genus of tropical flowering plants in the family Erythroxylaceae. Many of the approximately 200 species contain the drug cocaine;^[1] Erythroxylum coca, a native of South America, is the main commercial source of cocaine and of the mild stimulant coca tea. Another species, Erythroxylum vacciniifolium (also known as Catuaba) is used as an aphrodisiac in Brazilian drinks and herbal medicine.

Erythroxylum species are food sources for the larvae of some butterflies and moths, including Dalcera abrasa, which has been recorded on E. deciduum, and the species of Agrias.

The Erythroxylum genus and its species of cultivated coca were the subject of systematic study by ethnobotanist Timothy Plowman.

References

↑ Dr Duke's List of plants containing COCAINE http://sun.ars-grin.gov:8080/npgspub/xsql/duke/chemdisp.xsql?chemical=COCAINE

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Erythroxylum.

GRIN Species Records of Erythroxylum
Erythroxylum at Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database
Australian and Worldwide Erythroxylum Species at Australian Rareplants Site

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