Enurmino
| Enurmino (English) Энурмино (Russian) | |
|---|---|
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- Rural locality[1] - Selo[1] | |
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.svg.png) Location of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in Russia | |
  Enurmino | |
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| Administrative status (as of June 2009) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug[1] |
| Administrative district | Chukotsky District[citation needed] |
| Municipal status (as of November 2004) | |
| Municipal district | Chukotsky Municipal District[2] |
| Rural settlement | Enurmino Rural Settlement[2] |
| Administrative center of | Enurmino Rural Settlement[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 301 inhabitants[3][4] |
| Time zone | MAGT (UTC+12:00)[5] |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 689320 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 42736[7] |
Enurmino (Russian: Энурмино; Yupik language: Anushvik (Anurvik),[8] also known as Ennurmin (Russian: Эннурмин)[9] and Enyurmin (Russian: Энюрмин)[9]) is a rural locality (a selo) in Chukotsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia.[1] It is located on the Chukchi Sea near Cape Serdtse-Kamen.[10] Population: 301 (2010 Census);[3] [4] Municipally, Enurmino is subordinated to Chukotsky Municipal District and incorporated as Enurmino Rural Settlement.[2]
History
Pre-Soviet Period
The name of the village comes from the Chukchi I'nnurmin, meaning "a place behind the hills",[10] as the village is located in a valley surrounded by hills.[8] Nearby discoveries have revealed the site of an older village where the ancestors of those who live in Enurmino used to live,[10] with the site of the village itself sitting on top of an ancient Chukchi settlement.[11] Nearby the village is the abandoned settlement of Chegitun (Russian: Чегитун), occupied from about 500 AD to the twentieth century,[11] until the village was closed and the population transferred to Inchoun.[12]
Soviet Period
In 1926, the village had a population of 103,[9] which grew to 275 by 1943,[9] consisting of 259 Chukchi, 1 Yupik and 15 visitors.[9] During the Soviet period, the people of Enurmino, in collaboration with the people of Neshkan further down the northern Chukotka coast, formed the Sovkhoz 50th Anniversary of the Great October (Russian: 50-летия Великого Октября).[9] In addition to the Sovkhoz, there was also a polar station in the village called Netten, (Russian: Нэттэн).[9] The staff at this polar station used to play chess games over the radio with scientists at polar stations in the Antarctic.[9]
Demographics
In 1926-27, Enurmino consisted of 19 households containing 103 Chukchi.[13] This had risen to 275 people by 1943, including 259 Chukchi, 15 Yupik and one person classified as a "visitor" upon whose nationality the source does not elaborate,[13] though these figures are combined totals for both Enurmino and the, now abandoned, nearby village of Pouten.[13] The population had increased further to 290 by 1989, of whom 260 were Chukchi and the remaining 30 classified again as "visitors"[13] and again, as of March 2003, to 297, of which 296 were indigenous peoples.[8] The reported population as at the start of 2009 showed yet another increase to 311 people,[13] but had fallen back to 301 (2010 Census);[3] [4] for last official census, of whom 139 were male and 162 female.[3]
Culture
In 2008, a documentary was made on the lives of the inhabitants of Enurmino by Anadyr-born director, Alexey Vakhrushev, entitled Welcome to Enurmino!, which shows the villagers trying to preserve their traditional ways of life while making the most of the limited modern amenities available to them.[14]
Economy
The main activities of the villagers are Marine mammal harvest, hunting and fishing[8] and 7-8% of the population are actively involved in hunting.[13]
The village has a food store, an elementary school, a daycare center and a post-office.[8]
Transport
Enurmino is not connected to any other part of the world by permanent road and is 200 miles away from the district centre Lavrentiya.[13] The only ways to travel the village are by sea, helicopter or winter road.[13] There is, however, a very small netwok of roads within the village including:[6]
- Улицa Советская (Ulitsa Sovetskaya, lit. Soviet Street)
- Улицa Южная (Ulitsa Yuzhnaya, lit. South Street)
Climate
Enurmino has a Tundra climate (ET)[15] because the warmest month has an average temperature between 0 °C (32 °F) and 10 °C (50 °F).
| Climate data for Enurmino | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 2 (36) |
3.9 (39) |
3.8 (38.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
12.8 (55) |
24 (75) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22 (72) |
10.2 (50.4) |
9.6 (49.3) |
8 (46) |
13 (55) |
24 (75) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −13.2 (8.2) |
−14.7 (5.5) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−11 (12) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
3.5 (38.3) |
7.2 (45) |
6 (43) |
2 (36) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−7.8 (18) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−5 (23) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −15.7 (3.7) |
−18.5 (−1.3) |
−19.3 (−2.7) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
0.9 (33.6) |
4.3 (39.7) |
3.7 (38.7) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
−14.4 (6.1) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −41 (−42) |
−42 (−44) |
−35.5 (−31.9) |
−34.2 (−29.6) |
−22.3 (−8.1) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
−4 (25) |
−9 (16) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
−24.3 (−11.7) |
−30.8 (−23.4) |
−36.2 (−33.2) |
−42 (−44) |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | 0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
3 (0.12) |
0 (0) |
3 (0.12) |
3 (0.12) |
3 (0.12) |
3 (0.12) |
0 (0) |
15 (0.59) |
| Avg. snowy days | 15 | 10 | 10 | 14 | 14 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 18 | 20 | 13 | 125 |
| Source: [16] | |||||||||||||
See also
- List of inhabited localities in Chukotsky District
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Law #33-OZ, Article 13.2 (Russian)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Law #47-OZ, Article 6 (Russian)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 The results of the 2010 Census are given for Enurmino Rural Settlement, a municipal formation of Chukotsky Municipal District. According to Law #148-OZ, Enurmino is the only inhabited locality on the territory of Enurmino Rural Settlement.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Pochtovik Mail Delivery Service Chukotsky District (Russian)
- ↑ Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation Chukotsky District (Russian)
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Red Cross of Chukotka. Chukotsky District (Archived)
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 Information on Enurmino, Electoral Commission of the Chukotka Autonomous District (Избирательная комиссия Чукотского автономного округа). Retrieved 12 April 2012. (Russian)
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Strogoff, p.120
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Enurmino Area, Beringia Nature Park Website
- ↑ Beringian Notes 2.2, Bogoslovaskaya, L., National Park Service, Alaska Region (1993), pp. 1-12
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 Муниципальное образование сельское поселение Энурмино Municipal Formation of the Rural Settlement of Enurmino - Official Website of Chukotsky District
- ↑ The Santa Fe Film Festival 2008. Welcome to Enurmino! (with stills).
- ↑ McKnightand Hess, pp.235-7
- ↑ "Weather Averages for Enurmino from meoweather.com". meoweather.com. Retrieved October 2, 2012.
Sources
- McKnight, Tom L; Hess, Darrel (2000). "Climate Zones and Types". Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-020263-0.
- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №33-ОЗ от 30 июня 1998 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №55-ОЗ от 9 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Чукотского автономного округа "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня его официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №7 (28), 14 мая 1999 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #33-OZ of June 30, 1998 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #55-OZ of June 9, 2012 On Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of after ten days from the day of the official publication.). (Russian)
- Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №47-ОЗ от 29 ноября 2004 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Чукотского района Чукотского автономного округа». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №31/1 (178/1), 10 декабря 2004 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #47-OZ of November 29, 2004 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Chukotsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication date.). (Russian)
- Strogoff, M, Brochet, P-C and Auzias, D. Petit Futé: Chukotka, "Avant-Garde" Publishing House, 2006.
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