Enterococcus faecium

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Not to be confused with Enterococcus faecalis.

Enterococcus faecium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Firmicutes
Class:	Bacilli
Order:	Lactobacillales
Family:	Enterococcaceae
Genus:	Enterococcus
Species:	E. faecium
Binomial name
*Enterococcus faecium* (Orla-Jensen 1919) Schleifer & Kilpper-Bälz 1984

Enterococcus faecium is a Gram-positive, alpha hemolytic or nonhemolytic bacterium in the genus Enterococcus.^[1] It can be commensal (innocuous, coexisting organism) in the human intestine, but it may also be pathogenic, causing diseases such as neonatal meningitis.

Vancomycin-resistant E. faecium is often referred to as VRE.^[2]

Some strains of E. faecium are used as probiotics in animals.^[3]

Treatment

Linezolid or daptomycin are used to treat VRE infections. The streptogramins, such as quinupristin/dalfopristin, may also be used for vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, but not E. faecalis.Vancomycin resistant E.faecium can be successfully treated with sultamicillin.^[4]

References

↑ Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 294–5. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
↑ Mascini EM, Troelstra A, Beitsma M, et al. (March 2006). "Genotyping and preemptive isolation to control an outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium". Clin. Infect. Dis. 42 (6): 739–46. doi:10.1086/500322?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dncbi.nlm.nih.gov. PMID 16477546.
↑ http://www.purinaveterinarydiets.com/Product/FortiFloraCatNutritionalSupplements.aspx
↑ Chewning JH, et al.. "Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteremia successfully treated with high dose ampicillin sulbactam in a pediatric patient after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation". J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol.2011rfr_id=10.1097/MPH.0b013e31820db7eb.

Firmicutes (low-G+C) Infectious diseases · Bacterial diseases: G+ (primarily A00–A79, 001–041, 080–109)

Bacilli

Lactobacillales
(Cat-)

Streptococcus

α	optochin susceptible: S. pneumoniae (Pneumococcal infection) optochin resistant: S. viridans: S. mitis, S. mutans, S. oralis, S. sanguinis, S. sobrinus, milleri group

β	A, bacitracin susceptible: S. pyogenes (Scarlet fever, Erysipelas, Rheumatic fever, Streptococcal pharyngitis) B, bacitracin resistant, CAMP test+: S. agalactiae ungrouped: Streptococcus iniae (Cutaneous Streptococcus iniae infection)

γ	D, BEA+: Streptococcus bovis

Enterococcus

BEA+: Enterococcus faecalis (Urinary tract infection) · Enterococcus faecium

Bacillales
(Cat+)

Staphylococcus	Cg+ S. aureus (Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, Toxic shock syndrome, MRSA) Cg- novobiocin susceptible (S. epidermidis) · novobiocin resistant (S. saprophyticus)

Bacillus	Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax) · Bacillus cereus (Food poisoning)

Listeria	Listeria monocytogenes (Listeriosis)

Clostridia

Clostridium (spore-forming)	motile: Clostridium difficile (Pseudomembranous colitis) · Clostridium botulinum (Botulism) · Clostridium tetani (Tetanus) nonmotile: Clostridium perfringens (Gas gangrene, Clostridial necrotizing enteritis)

Peptostreptococcus (non-spore forming)	Peptostreptococcus magnus

Mollicutes

Mycoplasmataceae	Ureaplasma urealyticum (Ureaplasma infection) · Mycoplasma genitalium · Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mycoplasma pneumonia)

Anaeroplasmatales	Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (Erysipeloid)

M: BAC

bact (clas)

gr+f/gr+a (t)/gr-p (c)/gr-o

drug (J1p, w, n, m, vacc)

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